*       K 


* 


4Mf 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-S) 


12.5 


1.0  ^ii_ 

as=     Itt  Uii   12.2 

1.1  f.-^'^" 


11.25 


IJil 
^1^ 


6" 


V    .     <1?* 


y 

'*-^ 


-^z 


Photographic 

SoSioes 

GOTporadon, 


23  WBT  MAM  STlMT 

WIBSm.N.Y.  I4SM 

(716)«n-4S03 


CIHM 

Microfiche 

Series 
(l\/lonographs) 


ICMH 
Collection  de 


(monogfaphies) 


0 


x 


,( 


Canadian  Insthuta  for  Historical  MIcrofaproduetions  /  Intthut  Canadian  da  microraproductloils  Matoriquaa 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes  /  Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The 
tOjtl 


Jhe  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best  original 
cctpy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this  copy  which 
miy  be  bibliographically  unique,  which  may  alter  any 
of  the  images  in  the  reprodvctibn,  or  which  may 
signiffcantly  change  the  usual  method  of  filming,  are 
checked  below. 


D 
D 
D 

n 
n 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur  ' 

Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  tndommagfe 

Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Couverture  rastaurie  et/ou  pelliculte 

Cover  titte  missing/  -■ 

Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 

Coloured  maps/ 

Cartes  gAographiques  an  couleur 

Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  qr  black)/ 
Encre  de  coufeur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 

Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Relii  avec  d'autres  documents 

Tight  binding  may  causa  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  reli'ure  terrte  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
^istorsion  la  long  de  la  marge  intirieure 


□  Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may  aftpaar 
within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these  have 
been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajouties 
tors  d'une  rattauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte. 
mais.  lorsque  cala  toit  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  kxk  filmias. 


^ 


L'Institut  a  microf  ilmi  le  meilleur  exemplaire  qu'il  ' 
lui  a  AtA  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details  de  cet 
exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-4tre  uniques  du  point  de  vue 
biblipgraphique,  qui  peuvent  modifier  i|ne  image 
reproduite.  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une  modification 
dans  la  mithode  normale  de  f  ilmage  sont  indiquis 
ci-dessous^ 

I* 

□  Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur  ■■   ~- 

□  Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommag^ 

I       I  Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
I I  Pages  restawtes  et/ou  pellicultes 


0 


Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/  ' 
Pages  dicolories.  tacheties  ou  piquees 


□  Pagei  detached/ 
Pages  ditachies 

0Showthrough/ 
Transparence 


0 


Quality  of  print  varies/ 
Qualite  in^le  de  I'impressiov 


I       [  Continuous  pagination/ 


D 


Pagination  continue 

Includes  index(es)/ 
Comprend  un  (das)  index 

Title  on  header  taken  from:/ 
Le  titre  de  Tcn-ttte  provient: 


□  Title  page  of  issue/ 
Page  de  titre  de  la  livraison    ^ 

□  Caption  of  issue/ 
Titre  de  depart  de  la  livraison 


D 


IMasthaad/  ^ 

Genirique  (piriodiques)  de  la  livraison 


The 

P08! 
Of  tl 

film 


Oris 

begi 

the 

sion 

oth( 

first 

sion 

oril 


The 
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diffc 
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right 
requ 
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ry]  Additional  comments:/  lll[|l;i''!t^  ^*^*  "^  *""  •"fl*'*^y  "^  «»'  '«»»•    Page  251   Is  Incorrectly  miiriwi^ 


Commentaires  suppMmcntaires:  '**^ 


This  item  is  filmed  at  tl<e  reduction  ratio  checked  below/    : 
Ce  document  est  f  ilmi  ki  taux  de  riduction  indiqui  ci-dessous. 

10X  14X  18X  ^fl^?*^ 


^mi 


J 


12X 


1CX 


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20X 


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26X 


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iiu'il  ' 
cet 
t  de  vue 

Be     '  • 

■tJon 
uii 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
tojthe  generosity  of:        * 

National  Library  of  Canada 


The  linages  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  cor\dition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keeping  with  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


L'exemplaire  filmd  fut  reproduitgrfice  A  la 
g6n6ro8it6  de: 

Bibliothdque  national^  du  Canada 


Lra  images  suivantes  ont  6t6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  griind  soin.  compte  tenu  deJa  condition  et 
de  la  netteti  de  l'exemplaire  film6.  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion; or  the  back  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmid  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrate<)"impres- 
sion,  and  ending  on  the >tast  page  with  a  printed  ' 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  rftlcrofic^e 
shall  contain  the  symbol  —•i^.i  meaning  "CON<^ 
TINUED"),  or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc-,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  filmed 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  m^ny  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


Les  exemplaires  originaux  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprimis  sont  film6s  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
derhidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration.  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  fllmte  en  commenqant  par  la 
premiere  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaltra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  —^  signifie  "A  SUIVRE".  le 
symbole  V  signif|C;'FIN". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  .tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  Atre 
filmte  A  des  taux  de  reduction  diffArents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Atre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clichA,  11  est  f  ilmA  A  partir 
de  I'angie  supArieur  gauche,  de  gauche  A  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  la  nombre 
d'images  nAcessaire!^  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mAthode. 


ly  liuabered 


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2 

1 

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32  X 


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IHB  LIFE  AIH>ia4?ft|»Y  SERVICES  OP  ,ix 


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DISTWCrr  OF  NEWHAMPSHIRE— to  wit: 

DUtrict  Clerk'*  Cffiee. 
BE  IT  REMEMBERED,  That  on  the  17th  dav  of  March,  A,  D.  I83I  and 
in  the  fiiW-fiftb  year  of  the  Independence  of  the  United  Statiia  of  America, 
Luther  noby  of  the  said  Dtitnct,haB  depoaited  in  this  afficefthe  title  of  a 
book,  the  right  whereof  he  claima  as  proprietor  in  the  words  following,  viz. 

"  Reminiscences  (^  the  French  War,caataimng  Rogers'  expeditions  with 
the  New-England  Ruweiris  under  his  command  as  publiriied  in  London  in 
1765;  widi  notes  and  iinMtrationa.  To  which  is  added  an  «cccoimt  of  the 
life  and  military  services  of  Maj.  Gen.  John  Staik ;  with  notices  and  anec- 
dotes of  other  officen  distinguished  in  the  French  and  Revditfionary  wan." 

Incodonni^tatfaeactof  the  Congress  of  the  United  States,  entitled"  An 
actfbrthe  encouragement  <tf  learning  Jqr  securing  the  copi^' of  maps,  charts 
and  books  to  the  anuioirs  and  proorietors  (^  such  copies  during  the  times  there 
in  mentioned,  ajid  extending  tbeivenefits  thereof  to  the  arts  of  designing, tn 
iravinK,  and  etching  historical  and  other  prints."  <f . 

■        ;  ■  CHARLES  W.  CUTTER. 

Cltrk  qftht  DUtriet  Court  of  the  iUmted  8tott$ 
for  theDUtrUtof  N*w-Hawf*kirt, 
A  tnwf  eopt  of  Record. 

Attest.  C  W.  CoTTiE,  CUrk. 


n  fc-> 


Those 

of  the  A 

through  I 

ed  the  ro 

tains  of  i 

riosity  to 

scenes  so 

along  the 

ferred  to 

of  Europ 

ment  of  ( 

plined  ve 

in  arms,  t 

wildernea 

saw^  this  I 

was  at  ree 

tains,"  re 

capture  o 

by  New-I 

t«ry,  or  ni 

The  fol 

expedition 

ing  the  1 

France, ft 

arm  of  thi 

tunate  Bri 

hela,  conv 

bility  to  o] 

corps  of  I 


o-4^ 


.^ff^-  -i^ 


i>*juj>Ai„- 


IX 


'  ■^    i 


:i^ 


4i: 


E— towit:i    ' 
lerk'$  Office. 
March,  A.  D.  1881  and 
ed  Statiia  of  America, 
fau  •ffice  the  title  of  • 
!  words  foUowing,  viz. 

igen'  expedition!  with 
ttbliahed  in  London  in 
kd  an  ^occount  of  the 
with  notice!  and  anec- 
Sevoldtionarjr  wan." 

edStatea,  entitled  "An 
copies '  <rf' maiM,  charta 
during  the  timeathen- 
i  artiof  deaigningiW- 

f 
jr.^JtJTTER, 
Ae;t7mted£tal«t 
amptkirt. 

,  Clirk. 


PREFACE. 


~^oi^^ 


«r  fk    A®  ^  °  have  perused  with  pleasure  the  productions 
thrin^iril!^"?^"  Novelist,  who  have  wandered  ^ith  him, 
.Af^r       ^^'.^T  **=®'*^'"y  **^  **•«  n«*fth,  who  hXe  visit- 
tain  J  nf*""^*":  «'j°'-««  «f  ^■■'^^  George,  and  thT  moun- 
S   1  '"''•^'**  Carnllon,  may  perhaps  possess! thtf  cu- 
Tr^^Z.        r'^T/T^'^'"ff  ^'f  **^«  ^eal  actors  in  the 
«fnn  !.f °  *'"»t'y  described.   Passing  wffi'the  author 
along  the  sifent^ore  of  the  Bloody  Ponl   we  are  re- 
ferred to  the  bistS5^o^4hose  times;  when  ^hrsplendS 
^o;^"'f?u*V*5l"'P?«®^»»ngl«d  with  the  ruder  arma-* 
S/    ^  ^'*'^J  American  savage  ;-when  the  disci- 
plmed  veterans  of  France  and  England  were  opposed 
in  arms,  eacjivsupported  by  their  favorite  alliea  frJm  the 
wilderness.    The  language  of  the  author,  «#Tio  that 
sawvlhis  spot,  would  venture  to  say  that  a  mighty  army 
was  at  rest,  among  yonder  silent  trees  and  barren  mouiK 
tarns,    remioda  us  of  the  defeat  of  Dieskau,  and  the 
l?wl^  ^4  William  Henry,  names  never  to  be  forgotten 
by  New-England— for  they  are  associated  with  the  vic- 
tory, or  massacre  of  her  sons. 

-v^^A-^°"°*'^«  is  perhaps,  the  only  account  of  the  • 
expeditions  and  services  of  a  corps  of  men,  which  dur-  ^ 
ing  the  long  and  bloody  wars  of  Great  Britain  and 
o  J^*l?i:*"^  o  ®  mastery  in  America,  constituted  the  righl 
arm  of  the  British  forces.  The  disasters,  of  the  unSr- 
tunate  Braddock,  and  his  total  defeat  on  the  Mononga- 
hela,  convinced  the  British  Geiierals  of  their  utter  ina- 
bility to  operate  m  America,  without  the  aid  of  a  strong 
corps  of  Rangers,  composed  of  the  natives  of  the  couiw 


X 


'■r/^^i^.  -^: 


'  ».JH«-1-'\  • 


:,.       Vi 


.J,/ 


*  PREFACE. 

Uy,-who«e  knowledge  of  Indian  warfare,  would  enable 
them  to  prevent  a  similar  surprise  and  overthrow  A 
commission  was  accordingly  issued  to  Major  Roirers, 
the  author  of  this  Journal,  to  enlist  and  disciplini  the 
corps ;  and  his  details  may  be  relied  upon  as  beinir  sub- 
stantially correct ;  and  the  rules  established  by  him  for 
the  ranging  service,  may  be  of  some  benefit  to  future 
partisans,  should  wars  with  the  Indians  render  such  ser- 
vices necessary. 

The  Rangers  were  raised  principally  in  New-Hamp- 
shire, were  regularly  paid  by  the  Crown  in  the   same 
'  manner  as  troops  of  the  line,  and  officered  by  the   most 
hardy,  intelligent,  and  enterprising  partisans  of  that 
day,  many  of  whom,  were  afterwards  distinguished  in 
the  Revolutionary  war.     The  hardy  character  of  the 
Kangers  and  the  experience  acquired  by  their  huntinc 
excursions  and  mtercourse  with  the  Indians,  enabled 
them  to  discharge  the  arduous  duties  in  which  they  were 
ernployed.     These  were  to  scour  the  woods,  and  ascer- 
tain the  force  and  position  of  the  enemy  ;  to  discover 
and  prevent  the  effect  of  his  ambuscades,  and  to  ambush 
him^  m  their  turn  ;  to  acquire  information  of  his  move- 
ments, by  making  prisoners  of  his  sentinels,  who  were 
frequently  taken  and  brought  away  from  the  gates  of 
Crown  Point  and  Ticonderoga,  by  these  daring  woods- 
men; to  clear  the  way  for  the  advance  of  the  regular 
troops,  and  lastly  to  fight  the   enemy  according  to  his 
own    fashion,  and  with  his  own  weapons,  whenever 
circumstances  required.     If  on  these  occasions,  they 
sometimes  deviated  from  the  usages  of  civilized  warfare 
m  making  use  of  the  scalping  knife,  the  barbarity  of  the 
enemy,  the  law  of  retaliation,  and  the  emergency  of  the 

«"l?T™^?*  ^®  ^^^''  apology.     They  were  compelled  to 
nght  Indians  upon  their  own  terms. 

Their  expeditionswere  confined  to  no  parti<*ular  sea- 
son., Summer  or  winter,  it  was  the  same  to  them.  Thev 
frequently  made  long  and  fatiguing  marches  through 
the  snow,  by  the  use  of  snow  shoes,  and  were  often,  ob- 
liged to  encamp  in  the  forest  without  fire,*  for  fear  of 

•Afcwpine  bougha  hastUy  thrown  together,  formed  their 
e*mp.  oven  m  the  de4d  of  winter,  and  their  having  a  fire  depend 
•d  upon  their  distance  from  the  enemy.  ""i^na 


-'^^'1 


J  V*AtT 


PREFACE. 


5  I 


re,*  for  fear  of 


-v.  • 


|bmngdi«covei^  by  the   vigilance  \f  the  enemy:  aifd 

hTtUT       ,yj  frequently  penetrated  500  miles  in- 
Ini  In?""^  n'°'^"*';;'  '^^'^'roying  French  settlements 

wars  of  ?L       ^  ^""^^  employed  as  partisans  in  thri- 
tTi  mT"P*'°"  ^"'^  character  of  the  scout  in  the  iS'Tf      ^  '  '^ 
V  ''''*®,  <^''atory  manner  in  which  the  war  airiinrf  tk* 
isburgh  expedition,  by  a  powerful  force  of  Pr^^L       a 

|«r«nl...  »c*.ded  to  the  commrd  7.11  ,he  f„,fJ^T: 

hook  piMe.  Vigoroa"  Zr„;„"l  '"""t*""  alteration 
hh.  whole  of  her  possewion,  in  ,hi  ZSrv      I.^™" 

|h«lf-pay])Bt        """^cuos,  Who  then  encumbered  the 


"•■r- 


\ 


•-s«*^.      I  - 


:% 


r 


\ 


<f> 


PRErACE. 


,3*" 


^m-Yf?!  ^'^^  *'^^^'V''0"  Of  Wolfe's  appointment  to  com- 

tT^ote^nt'rW"''*  Q"f  «Vome  one  ob.e?vlSl 
lo  t,eorge'*|.  that  Wolfe  was  thought  to  be  a  madnmii  • 

^s.^.,  th^rre^sVo/^^rxsi''." '''"''  -^''^  -"'<» 

\       ^ne/esuH  justified  the  confidence   reposed      WoIf« 

bee   and&n  t  u^.  A™^  <»»  »»>«  Plains  of  Que- 

attained  T^^  f  S  ^'*)^'■  "^  u  ^*'='°''^-  »"*  **»«  object  wm 
vLnnn  r  A  K  ^^^  <>{  Q"ebec  was  follotired  by  fie  ad- 
vance of  Amherst,  from   Lake  George*  reduciiL    in" 

aiy/h'^T,'  *K  ^'^^  ^^^^^f*  garrisonslLg  the  frontier 

80^9  Of  the  most  distinguished  lexers  in  the  wte,ia?nlt 
F  wee  ^d  who  afterwards  served  with  them  dwSe 

chlacter  of  ^he  hires  of  (he  ReJoSr?^^ '"^  '^^ 

idt5'he?.!r"r^'°°°^*^^^"^^^^^^ 

ea,  and  their  entire  devotion  to  the  caunA  of  ♦K*:^'^    "'^ 
try,  the  hearti^  chilJed  with  the  reflSn  tlat^o?  tS^ 

dence,  a  few  only  remain  to  witness  thT  re«»l#  «r  ♦k  " 
unparallelled  sufferings,  and  theHc toriois  t^      Itt 
to  be  hoped  that  their  descendanls  cheered  Eytt  gloV' 

Chwnplain  and  the  sS Tnd  oln  M  ~'^  Point  down  Lake 

the  wLle  army  conSSrateda^Mn^t^/iY  ^T  S""*^*  "«> 
wrrendered  Sept.  8.  1760.?  Montreal,  when  Canada  waa 

pri2eJe"aj!ltdytMhrS^^^^^  »i^  »0  "- 

the  efforts  of  Wolfe  a^iMt  O^fl*'?  f  ^'?*^*;  ""*  ■•coirtled 
•o-operation  he  waal?  ^.^    '^"*  where  for  the  want  of  .acli 

Thi.'^as  jl lefo"  h.atteSJlt''?*?*.!rT°»  P»"»- 
where  forttme  at  laif.  oJiLfW/  »''.•.  ^«W»»»- ^Abraham  ; 
laiueb.  «w»f  crowned  thd  British  hero  ^with  unfadisf 


.-I 


tointraent  to  com- 
Bome  one  obseryed 
it  to  be  a  madman  ; 
lo  important  a  com- 
in  I  wish  he  would 

reposed.  Wolfe 
of  Abraham,  met 
be  Plains  of  Que- 
But  the  object  was 
lowed  by  lhe  ad- 
ge,*  reducing  in 
along  the  frontier, 
surrendered  with- 

teslo  this ' work, 
acquainted  with 
in  the  war  against 
1  them  during  the 
vents  of  which, 
)ntemplating  the 
tion,  the  scenes 
es  were  employ- 
ise  of  their  couq- 
ion  that  of  these 
lerican  Indepen- 
D  result  of  their 
ious  toils.  It  is 
ed  by  the  glori- 

ike  Ontario,  whil* 
Point  down  Lake 
torn  Quebec,  and 
'hen  Canada  waa 


PKE^ACE.  Y 


.i#. 


-M 


\ 


■4 


/ 


I     '• 


lerst  not.  to  hav* 
la,  andiecoaUed 
the'want  of  anch 
imminent  paril.-. 
Its  /of  Abraham  ; 
ro\witli  unfading 


)  ; 


I'b)^-,!^^^] 


t 


'f      V 


<^ 


J 


1 

\ 

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nOQE^8*  IPhrRODUCTlOW. 


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atters  of  fact    «    klv  L     *  «f /elating  imriirtiaJly, 

V*  uncultivated  desarts^anH  -«     °V"»ec^8et,  but  in 
Hrica,--am^dtKr,?v  rfL^°°«/*J*  fountains  of 

[quenciB  of  exliaustbig  fatiirue  K«l  ^l^  '^°' 
krnalg  which  were  Trom  tJml  ♦7?''®  ""^  "*  fact,  the 
P^GeneWunde/Urhe^^^^^ 

h'Sdahip,  rendwed'  Wm  nT?'?  ««»P>>d  innured 
Ueinth?ch  hTile;warK^  ^'^^  *^'« 

fhat  period,  the^S:tT»^eaW^^^^^ 
V  in  which  the  hardy  %uTifv     P'S^^'^"® ''»"«•- 
fyedtheiVielves.     ThfajUui^th^'^  ?"«'"»^  «"»- 
bt  with  the  IiidiMs  n^S^l  •**•"  "*  frequent  con- 
knowledge  of  tD  Uautlf^'^  *''*"«^  *«»  obtain  . 
d  becami  ?xcdltt X^  '"''  ''"J?^^^ 


'4W' 


A       < 


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> 


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-% 


10 


ROGERS'  INTRODUCTION. 


About  this  time  the  proceedings  of  the  FrencB  were 
B^ch  as  to  excite  the  jealousjr  of  the  English  in  the 
provinces  of  New  York  and  New  England.     As  Crown 
Point  was  the  post  fromwhich,  for  many  years,, the  In-j 
dians  in  the  French  interest,  had  been  fitted  out  against] 
our  frontier  settlements,  a  design  wi6  formed  in  m5,toj 
reduce  that  Fortress.     Troops  were  levied  in  New  Eng- 1 
»  land,  New  York,  and  New  Jersey.    Albany  was  ap-l 
pointed  the  general  rendezvous;  and  Major  General 
(smce  Sir  William)  Johnson  appointed  to  the  command. I 
The  writer  on  this  occasion,  commanded  the  company! 
Airnished  by  New  Hampshire,  and  made  several  excur- 
siohs  to  the  North  Western  frontiers,  with  a  view  to  pre- 
vent inroads  from  the  enemy.    On  the  26th  of  August! 
1755,  he  was  employed  to  esc.ort  the  provision  waggons! 
from  Albany  to  the  Carrying  Place,  so  called,  since! 
Fort  Edward.     Here  he  waited  upon  thejGreneral,  to! 
whom  he  had  been  recommended^  as  a  person  ^ell  ac  J 
quainted  with  the  haunts  and  passes  of  the  enemy,  and! 
the  Indian  method  of  fighting,  and  was  by  him,  des-l 
patched  on  several  scouts  to  the  French  posts.  He  was 
on  one  of  these,  up  Hudson  River,  od  the  8th  of  Sep-i 
tember,  when  Lieut.  General,  the  Baron  Dieskau  was 
taken  prisoner,  and  the  French  and  Indians  under  his, 
command,  defeated  at  the  south  end  of  Lake  George! 
near  the  Bloody  Pond,  so  called,  from  that  defeat.    Fori 
thissanrice,  Creneral  Johnson  was  created  a  Baronet. 


,.#  ,  f       •■ 


■■£-f 


REMINISCENCES 


OF  TBI 


"\. 


FRENCH  Wite. 


•    -1 


JOURITAL. 

Sept.  24, 1766.  Pursuant  to  orders  from  Ge», 
Uki'^°*  I  f^'^'T'^  to  Crown  Point,  and  if  brae 
icable,  to  bring  from  thence  aprisoner,  I  embarked 

L^' •'"?*'**  on  the  west  shore,  where  leaviSg 
Wo  men  m  charge  of  the  boat,  I  marched  with  th* 

Jewl7"*ri"r*2*^»^^"^«  obtained.  S 

VZ^U^  ^ri^S^  ^'"T  ^°*"»'  «»d  discovered 

V«2S.   fi '^  **'  '"*""  *^"*  *»»«  ^^^^  fro™  whose 
rrejular  finng  we  supposed  they  were  shooting  at 

Kaht  «  ""T?"  ***  ''¥''^'  **»^r  »'*  ^«^  fond. 

tt«  f  is   ^S'*^  «"P"hro"«;h  tie  French  guards 

tr«.L?^* '''"'«*''.  ■^"*'**'^'^*^«*^'  ""d  passed 

t!&V*^A*l?i*"'"*^**  ^»  *^«  «««*»>  ^«rt,  Where 

t^i^^K        ^^""^  "^^"^  ending  a  battery,  and  had 

l?EL     SI"  "P  "*  entrenchment  on  tf^at  side  of 

Ull  H?^.„      r"****  ?*3J.  we  gained  an  eminence  a 

Ul?-!!!?'  ?'**'?.  ^^^  '*""™^*''  «n^  discovered  an 

^^y^^if*^*^".?"*  ^'*»"»  '^«  Fort  south  east, 

JL«S    "?*  "  thirty  yards  distance.     The  troopi 

Jcupying  ,t,  amounted  to  about  600  men.  Havi^ 


^     I 


xA 


'I? 


cL.:^!^-*^  'tKt»»rMfW^'.uiHliiiuimtaj-i^i^Jimui-t, 


w 


->  (»■ 


■,m 


12 


REMINISCENCES  OP 


no  opportunity  for  procuring  a  captive,  and  finding 
that  our  snudl  party  uras  discovered,  it  was  thought 
best  to  commence  a  retreat  on  the  Ist  of  October. 
On  our  font  homeward,we  passed  within  two  miles 
of  Ticonderoga,  from  which  a  large  smoke  was 
observed,  and  the  discharge  of  a  number  of  small 
arms  heard ;  but  as  our  provisions  were  expended, 
we  could  not  tarry  to  ascertain  the  enemy's  force. 
On  the  3d,  reached  ^e  place  where  we  had  left  the 
boat,  in  charge  of  two  men,  who  to  our  great  sur- 
prise had  de^urted,  leaving  us  no  provisions.  This 
circumstance  hastened  our  return  with  all  speed  to 
the  camp,  where  we  arrived  on  the  4th,  not  a  little 
fatigued,  and  distressed  with  hunger  and  cold. 

Oct.  7.  Orders  were  received  from  Gen.  John- 
son to  embark  with  five  men,  and  reconnoitre  the 
French  at  Ticonderoga.  Accordingly  I  proceeded 
at  night  to  a  point  of  land  on  the  west  shore  of  the 
Lake,where  we  landed  and  concealed  our  canoe  leav- 
ing two  men  in  charge  of  it  and  with  the  other  thrle, 
arrived  at  Ticonderoga  point,  at  noon.  Here  were 
about  3000  men,  who  had  thrown  up  an  intrench- 
ment,  and  prepared  a  large  quantity  of  hewn  timber 
in  the  adjacent  woods.  We  remained  here  the  sec- 
ond night,  and  next  morning  saw  them  lay  the  foun- 
dation of  a  fort,  on  the  point,  which  commands 
the  pass  from  La^e  George  to  Champlain,  and  the  en- 
trance to  South  Bay  or  Wood  Creek.  .Havwgmade 
what  discoveries  we  could,  and  commenced  our  re- 
tum,a  large  advanced  guard  of  the  enemy  was  found 
posted  at  the  north  end  of  Lake  Georae,  near  the 
outlet  to  Chamnlain.  While  tdewing  these  troops, 
I  observed  abark  canoe  containing  nine  Indians  and 
a  Frenchman,  passiiu;  tip  the  Luce.  We  kept  in 
sight  of  them,  until  they  passed  the  point  where  our 
canoe  and  men  had  been  left.  They  gave  informa- 
tion that  the  party  had  landed  on  an  Island  ilz  miles 
south  of  us,  near  the  middle  of  the  Lake.    In  a 


«IE"PREWCH  War. 


M 


which  ci^pi  led  usl^  reti^iT^  **;  *^*»  ««»*>*•» 
Lake  Geor^'::  wge^J  ^^e'l^J^i-TiS  ,ThT«:! 

ment  five  bLTwit  t"/ d^S^f  .^'^ '^^^^ 
the  rtrength  of  the  raemv'!-?^^i*^^"?*^«"°J? 
possiWe,  to  decovllfrtS^i"  "^^""ced  g«ard,  and  If 

indefatigable  for^er«?&^\''"S  !^»^^^^ 
and  «rp  S-trtlilj  r         *"y*  ''»"'  *U  to  no  purpose 

Point  in  aui^J^.'^'''  ^"^  »»«»'  for  Crown 
onth^w^"Sde  t^Sjn''-  A'«i«ht,welandS 
lish  c«mn  S.!li:?°*/  *^«  °^^  from  the  Enir. 

at  «H»  withirSjk     Thi.  U^SJ  "?**  •  P« 
ay  tnn^  to  hi.  bi«ai    H.  !?/i?!?:^'T^ 

T«d«tcamp,Oct!sC^'    ^"' P-^y «fcly arri^ 


1 


ll 


-1 ^ 


\ 


T 


14 


REMINISCENCES   OV 


Nov.  4.     Embarked  for  the  enemy's  advanced 
guard  with    thirty    men    in  four  batteaux,   each 
mounting  two  wall  pieces ;  and  next  morning  arri- 
ved within  half  a  mile  of  the  guard,  where  we  lan- 
ded and  concealed  the  boats.    Four  spies  we^e  sent 
out,  who  returned  next  evcninji;,  informing  that  the 
enemy  had  no  works  around  them,  but  lay  entirely 
mien  to  assault.     Wdrd  was  immediately  sent  to  the 
Greneral,  for  a  sufficient  force  to  attack  them,  but 
notwithstanding  his  eainestness  and  activity,  it. did 
not  arrive  until  we  were  compelled  to  retreat.     On 
our  return,  wc  met  the  reinforcement,  turned  again 
towar^^  the  French,  and  the  next  evening  sent  two 
men  to  see  if  their  sentinels  were  on  the  alert.  They 
were  discovered,  fired  upon,  and  so  hotly  pursued  by 
the  enemy,  that  unhappily  our  whole  party  was  dia- 
covered.     We  obtained  the  first  notice  of  this,  from 
two  canoes  with  thirty  men  in  them,  which  we  sup- 
posed came  out  at  the  same  time  with  another  par- 
ty by  land,  to  force  us  between  two  fires.     To  pre- 
vent this,  Lieut  McCurdy  and  myselfembarked  with 
fourteen  men  in  two  boats,  leaving  the  remaintfer 
of  the  party  on  shore  under  the  command  of  Cap- 
lain  Putnam.*  /  ,  ,    r 
In  order  to  decoy  the  French  within  reach  of  our 
wall  pieces,  we  steered  as  if  intending  to  pass  them, , 
\rhich  answered  our  expectations  ;  for  they  bol(Uy 
headed  us  until  within  an  hundred  yards,  when  the 
guns  were  discharged  which  killed  several  and  pqt 
the  remaind<^  to  flight ;  in  which  they  were.pwr- 
sned,  and  driven  so  near  to  our  landparty*  that  thi^ 
were  again  gaUed  by  the  wall  pieces.    Several  of  I 
the  enemy  were  thrown  overbofujd,  and  their  mr\ 
noes  rendered  very  leaky. ,    t  h^«,  ^'j,:'  y>Ur."f^r4rJt'^- 
^  At  this  timev  I  discovered  their  land  party^  and  ii(»^  J 
tiAed  my  men,  who  immedii^ely  embarJced  witluNit ' 

•Aftwwudi  0«Bwsl  PatMa. 


i^  ywf\ 


V^    H 


THE  FRENCH  WAR. 


lb 


receiving  much  injury  from  the  sharp  fire  which  the 
French  kept  up  for  gome  time  in  their  rear  We  Vur 
feued  theenemy  with  diligence,  and  again  dischS 
fcn  f ""!?  which  obliged  them  to  dispeJ  e  They 
kere  followed  to  their  landing,  where  tl.ey  were  re- 
eived  and  covered  by  200  min,  whom  a  dSr^e 

Jnmi;;.r*^'  ?rP""^^  ^°  «•«*''•«  >  ^ut  findingthdr 
lumbew  greatly  superior  to  ours,  it  was  tlTouX 

Zv.  §'"^'"'  *°  ^*^"^" '°  ^^°^P'  -hi«h  w:  reacld 

h  tt^flhrro-jr^^^^^^^^    ""  L*^^  '^"&ed' 

^tween  which  and  the  water,  they  haLilhtv  ba  ' 

fchetrt'^and"  *'"'"!?'*•  '^^'•^  «y  tenli 
near  ine  *  ort,  and  appeared  to  be  verv  hnsiltr  Tl 

wee.  19.  After  a  month's  repose,  I  embarked  w*K 
kwo  men,  once  more,  to  reconLit^e  tKJench  a^ 
3n  an  ?J°5*-     ^"  u^^^^^^^  *  ^'^  ^^  discovered  up 

Intif  '-^'l  r'  "'''  Hk'  fisVeffJ;  to'dtrv  Ihem"" 

tes^tXof'n'  ^^*"  ^  Sr ^^  the'west  sK 
fo  mues  north  of  our  campi    Concealinff  our  boat 

WtEeTir"*''*'^*  \^^^on  theVo?h,a„d 
ill  *  *n  "**°"'  reached  the  Port.     The^n 

fcLL'"^  «till  engaged  in  iheir  works    aJd  hTd" 
l^ted  four  pieces  of  cannon  on  the  south    e^t 

out^men^'w"***^^*^"-     '^^^y  °^^«tered 
>out  600  men.     We  made  sejreral  attempts  to  take 


*  ,.■■ 

.11 


n 


i/  .J 


"^^  r*^  •'l*"''^'«(«i<ii- 


•X. 


16 


KEMINISCENCES    Or 


a  prisoner  by  way-raying  their  paths;  but  they  paa- 
«ed  along  m  too  large  parties  for  us.     This  night 
we  approached  near  the  Port  ;  and  were  driven  bv 
the  severity  of  the  cold,  to  seek  shelter  in  one  o'f 
their  evacuated  huts.  Before  day,  a  light  snow  fell, 
which   obliged  Us  to  march  homeward  with  ali 
speed,  lest  the  enemy  should  perceive  our  tracks 
and  pursue.   We  reached  the  boat  in  safety,  though  j 
almost  overcome  with  cold,  hunger,  and  fatigue  ;  i 
and  had  the  good  fortune  to  kill  two  deer,  withi 
whichbeing  refreshed,  on  the  24th  we  returned  to 
Fort  William  Henry,  a  fortress  Erected  this  year  at 
the  south  end  of  Lake  George. 

Abb\it  this  time,  Gen.  Johnson  went  down  to  Alba- 
ny to  meet  the  commissioners  from  the  several  gov- 
ernments, whose  troops  he  had  commanded,  (New- 
Hampshire  excepted).  These  persons  were  em-, 
powered  by  their  constituents,  with  the  assent  of  a 
council  of  war,  to  garrison  Ports  William  Henry 
imd  Edward,  for  that  winter,  with  part  of  the  troops 
then  in  service. 

Accordingly  a  regiment  was  organized,  to  which 
Massachusetts  furnished  a  Colonel,  Connecticut  a 
Lieut.  Colonel,  and  New  York  a  Major.  General 
Johnson  and  the  Commissioners  judged  it  most  pru-i 
dent  to  leave  one  company  of  woodsmen,  or  Ran-f 
gers  under  my  command,  to  make  excursions  tol 
the  enemy's  Ports  during  the  winter  ;  and  we  rc-l 
mamed  with  the  Garrison.  f 

January  14,  1766.    Marched  with  a  parly  of  16 
men  to  reconnoitre  the  Prench  Ports,  and  proceeded! 
down  the  Lake  on  skates,  until  we  halted  for  refroshJ 
ment  near  the  falls  between  Lakes  George  and  Gham-| 

Ein.  At  night,  we  renewed  the  march,  and  at  day! 
s^k,  on  the  16th,  formed  an  ambush  at  a  point  off 
d^on  the  east  shore  of  Chamj)lain,  within  gun- j 
*«»q*_6f  the  path,  in  which  the  enemy  passed  fromf 
one  Fort  to  the  other.    At  sunrise,  two  sledges  la. 


.J. 


,  *»-■.•» 


..V 


A->"^^ 


THE  FRENCH  WAR. 


If 


» 


jen^ith  fresh  beef,  were  intercepted,  with  thefr 

d"pdrt  J^H^«  wa^destroyed  and  we  returned 
lo  Fdrt  >ym.  Henry  in  good  health,  with  our  pris- 
bners  on  the  17th.  ^ 

Jan.  26.    Marched  by  order  of  Col.  Glasier,  with 

ICrLTpoi'nt      ""''^       '"'^''^'^  ''  the  enemy  at 

I    Feb.  2.     We  arrived  within  a  mile  of  that  Port- 

whl^h"?*?'^;?*^  f  ff^^P  mountain,  the  summit  of 
I  which,  afforded  a  full  prospect  of  the  Fort,  and  an 

the  evening,  we  retired  to  a  small  village  half  a^ 

side  of  the  road,  leading  from  the  Port  Co  the  vil- 
l^A  N«^  «<»n»ng  a  Frenchman  fell  into,  our 
hands;  soon  after  this,  two  more  men  wer«  discov- 
ered,but^theytook  alarm  before  we  could  Sze 
them,  and  escaped  to  the  Port.  Finding  ourselvei 
discovered  by  tfcis  accident,  we  s6t  fire  to  the  hou2 
andbarns  of  the  vill^e,  containing  large  quantities 
tfrS^V*^  ^'"'.'*  ^^  H"^  "^«»"»«-  ^e  then  r? 
1 6th  reached  head  quarters    Februafy 

Ir^uuh^^'  .M*»"«^«d»>y  order  of  Colonel  Glasier, 

with  fifty  SIX  men  down  the  "west  side  of  Lake 

ueorge,  proceeding  northward  until  the  6th  of 

fc -I  "^^  •."  "^  "*f '^^'  *<»  Ldce  Champlain, 

Sn!^i^^  "*'*"  "'*'*>  *^  P'*»^  ^*>«t»  where W 

fend  tej?' ni±**^S'  I"*"""'''  ^  exnected^ 

TheliS  K^f  fiL"^-  ^«  *»»«"»  •^ttempteJta.orosB 

Ihe  lake  but  the  ice  was  too  weak.    Ob  the  Ithmi 

E>5„?®1  '^\P'«»»«  «>nnd  the  bay  west  of  Crown 

fcl"A^'  ^'^  "IS  ^^**'«^  land  amongihe 
.^u  *"^  *»«™'  of  tbe  French.    Hem  we  lay  in 

t^!l?nll®'P^''^i??'J""  'o«ttcn4the  cattle  imd 


c^ 


""T— tVi;r~.j.'i;; 


18 


RKMINIBCENCE8  01* 


m. 


remained  there  that  night  and  the  next  day  until 
dark,  when  we  set  fire  to  the  village  and  retired. 
On  our  return,  we  took  a  fresh  view  of  Ticondero- 
ga,  reconnoitred  that  Port  and  the  advanced  gua^d 
on  Lake  Qeorge,  approaching  so  near,  as  to  set  the 
sentinels  on  the  ramparts.  We  obtained  all  the 
knowledg^we  desired,  of  their  works,  strength,  and 
situation  ;  and  March  14,  reached  William  Henry  in 
safety.  ^ 

The  next  day,  I  received  a  letter  from  Mr.  Wil- 
liam Alexander,*  Secretary  of  Governor  Shirley, 
who  commanded  at  Oswego  the  last  year,  and  who 
now  upon  the  decease  of  General  Braddock,  suc- 
ceeded to  the' chief  command  of  his  Majesty  forces 
m  North  America.  Upon  the  recommendation  of 
General  Johnson,  Mr.  Shirley  requested  me  to  wait 
upon  him  at  Boston,  where'  he  was  preparing  for 
the  campaign  :-.leaving  to  Ensign  Noah  Johnson,! 
the  command  of  my  company,  I.  set  out  on  the  17th 
for  Boston. 

On  the  33d  the  General  gave  me  a  friendly  recep- 
tion, and  the  next  day  a  commission  to  recruit  an 
independent  corps  of  Rangers.  It  was  ordered  that 
the  Corps  should  consist  of  sixty  privates  at  S» 
(York  currency)  per  day— an  Ensign  at  5»,— a 
Lieut,  at  7*.  and  a  Captain  aflO*.  ^  Each  man  waste 
be  allowed  ten  Spanish  dollars  towards  providlne 
clothes,  arms,  aad  blankets.— The  company  was  to 
be  raised  immediately.  None  were  to  be  enlisted 
but  such  as  were  accustomed  to  travelling,  und 
hunting,  and  in  whose  courage  and  fidelity,  the  most 
implicit  confidence  could  be  placed.    They  were 

•Afterwardi  Lord  Stirling,  a  Major  Gen.  in  the  Americai 

t  Nttah  Johnson  waa  in  Lovewall't  ^t  in  17M.  He  belonged 
to  Dunstable,  and  at  the  a^  of  80,  went  up  to  Fryeburff  to^w  i 
thefint  aettlera  the  seene  of  Uvewell'*  batUe  with  the  Mtvagefc 


K%, 


,i,~-. 


"^•*    i  -S,*--«J 


b  t^t^yt^^i. 


!ar,  as  to  8e«  the 


in  the  Americaa 


THE  rRENCU  WAH.  ]9 

loreoyer  to  be  subject  to  military  digcipline  and 
urlihf  "^  T'  '^^'  ••«»d«-vo^,s  was^appofnu 
i  at  AJany,  whence  to  proceed  in  whale  boats  to 
Ike  George,  and  «  from  time  to  time,  to  uTthe  r 
«t  endeavours  to  distre,.  the  French  and    £e 

fc  Ir^^^'  ^'"*"«'  '^"^  destroying  tSe  r 
louses,  barns,  barracks,  canoes,  batteaux,  &c  and 
[y  killing  their  cattle  of  every  kind;  and  at  all  time, 
lo  endeavour  to  waylay,  attick,  and  destroy  th^tJ 
b  o7tl^°^  provision,  by  land  'and  water,?n  any 

I  With  these  instructions,  I  received  letters  to  the 
Dommiuid^^ttg  officers  at  Forts  Wm.  ulZv  and 
Edward,  directing  th^m  to  forward  the  »eS  wUh 
vhich  I  was  now  charged.  "^rvice  witn 

When  the  company  tis  completed,  part   of  it 
f  rs  to  Albany  J  with  the  remainder,  I  passed  thrmuS. 

fcseJ'^&'l''  ^<^-%'^fromiSt:?^i^g3 
^  exposed.    There  I  received  orders  to  nroc^d  t« 

fiv  mL"„'J^'''"'5l*^'**'^^  ^^'  for^^ts  aid  ovT; 
jotty  mountains.    The  second  day  of  the  march  Mr 

^hged  to  return  to  Fort  Edward,  with  a 'gird™ 
»^h^«?r  •    '  *L">'®^  **  ^»ke  Champlain  4  miles 

l^eSd  thT  wL^"'','  **"i  fr"^"»  inhabitants. 
LinT^i,  ^'***'®  *^y  following  opposite  the 

WnI"J"*  P"1y  *«  ^'o**  the  de  ;  but  noth- 
«  appeared  excepting  500  men  in  batt'eaw,  cSm- 

lwnDBhi»;^  '*"•*""•  «ft'»«P'««»«Mt«rt  town,  of  Ni# 
reliKJ:  '•'*"^  '  *^»^  "  ^'^  IUTol«tion«7  imy. 


1^ 


#k 


80 


EBMtmsCENCES  OP 


ing  up  the  Lake,  from  St.  Johns  to  the  Point.  We 
kept  our  stations  until  10  o'clock  next  day  ;  but 
findmff  no  ooportunity  to  trepan  the  enemy,  we  kil- 
led 2^  head  of  his  cattle,  whose  (ongoes  were  oT 
great  service  on  our  march.  We  now  discovered 
eleven  ciuio«s  manned  by  Frtjnch  and  Indians,  cros- 
smglheLake^ directly  towards  us;  it  was  therefore 
jud^d  most  expedient  to  disperse,  each  man  taking 
a  diffisrent  rout,  ahd  looking  out  for  himylf.  This 
put  our  pursuers  completely  at  fault.  We  assembled 
at  the  place  where  the  packs  were  concealed,  and 
upon  a  raft,  crossed  to  the  western  shore.  We  ob- 
tained a  passing  view  of  the  French  and  Indiaqs  en- 
oarapedat  the  old  Indian  Carrying-place,  nlar!  Ti- 
conderoga,an(r reached  %t  Wm.  Henry  the  iUh 
or  May.  Mr.  Stark  and  m  party  retohed  FortlEd- 
ward  three  days  before,  having  in  their  way,  di«. 
covered  and  elude^  a  scout  of  400  Indians.  Likut. 
Rogers  had  arrived  some  dayi  before,  and  Was 
then  upon  a  scout.  > 

May  80.    Was  ordered  by  the  General  with^ 
party  of  11  men,  to  reconnoitre  the  French  advanc-  i 
^  guard.    Viewing  them  next  day,  from  the  sum- ' 
aait  ot  a  mountain,  their  number  appeared  to  be  SQO] 
men,  who  were  then  busy  in  fortifying  their  po- 
sition  with  palisades..    From  the  other  side  of  the 
mountwn,  we  obtained  a  fine  prospect  of  Ticonder- 
oga  and  the  French  camp,  which  from  the  ground 
It  occupied,  I  judged  to  contain  1000  men.    This 
night  was  passed  upon  the  mountain,  and  early  n^xt 
morniM  we  proceeded  to  the   Indian  Carrying 
pjh,  leadmg  from  Lake  George  to  ChampUdn. 
1  here  an  ambuscade  was  formed  between  the  advaa-f 
oed  guard,  and  the  Fort.    About. 6  o'clock, iwl 
*tonohmen  passed  la^ngthe path  withput  obMrv-i 
ing  us:  m  a  few  minutes  after  22  others  came  thej 
ttme  wayj-^opon  them  ^  fired,  kUhsd  six,  and  took 
one  prisoner;  but  the  first  party  returning  at  the  re-' 


•' ,  1 


'T 


r 


•:';.^'PiS'I  ^'f 


-THE^r 


k 


it 


SCB  WAR. 

fcpr  pnwTOr,  Who  reported  that  «20Fi^Kdi? 
not  k  Sd'  P'  ""  """"y-  •>«  ho  could 

.«fed\i,fttf„'V?"=  f^'  "^r '  *^ 

friend,  the  PreLhirS  ?       """l  '".  "y  »'<• 

krvi^ed  iLTh  *PPr*»*S«d  Tery  near  Ticondero:^ 
jgar  viewed  thel^  works fi^m an^ineace  anH  i.,^ 

83d,  then  almost  famish^  for  want  oFSaS  ^ 


>< 


I.-, 


""'•'  '."'*5S'S5fH3S~ 


T      .'*  '  h. 


"V-  ,<ii 


,\i^ 


sr 


REMimscEifCEs  or 


-,»!' 


■ext  day.  we  landed  our  boats,  and  carried  them 
six  miles  over  a  mountain,  to  South  Bay,  where  we 
arrived  July  3d.     The  following  evening,  we  em- 
barked and  proceeded  down  the  bay  within  six  mil 
of  the  French  Fort,  and  cpncealed  our  boats  up 
next  evening,  when  we  embarked  again,  and  j^s 
by  Ticonderoga*  undiscovered,  though  \^e'^" 
near  as  to  hear  the  sentinels  watchword    * 
ed  from  the  number  of  fires,  th^,the  em 
2000  men  in  his  camp.  -  Five  miles  further 
we  lay  by  all  day  And  concealed  our  boats, 
several   batteaux  were  seen   passjAg  up  and  down, 
tlie  Jake.     At  night,  we  put  off  with  a  design  to 
pass  Crown  Point,!  but  afterwardsjudgingit  impru- 
dent, on  account  of  the  clearness  of  the  night,  we 
lay  concealed  the  next  day,  during  which  a  hnudr«d 
boats  passed  by  us,  seven  of  which  came  near  our 
plaoe^  concealment,  and  would  have  landed  there, 
butflTO  officer  insisted  in  our  hearing,  that  h^  would 
go  150  yards  further,  where  they  landed  and  dined 
in  our  sight.     At  9  o'clock  at  night,  we  re-embar- 
ked,  passed  the  Point  Fort,  and  concealed  our  boats 
10  miles  north  of  it. 

July   7.     Thirty  boats  and  a  schooner  of  40  tons  I 
passed  biy  us  towards  Canada.     In  the  evening  we  f 
proceeded  15  miles  further  <jown,,and  dispatched 
a  scout  which  soon    brou^hi]  intelligence  that  aj 
Schooner  lay  at  anchor  one  mile/from  us.     We  light- 
ened our  boats,  and  pi^rii  to  board  her  ;  but  I 
^ere  jM-evlsnted,  by  two  MmM§|toing  up  the  l^kej 
whol^^ews  intended  'mMIMII'  ^^  v^lPjpost- 
ed.    These  we  fired  ujijHBiPiP^d  offered  quar-, 
ter,  if  they  would  fiome  on  shore.    But  they  push- 

*The  strait  between  Ticonderoga  and  Mount  Independence  is  so 
■arrow,  that  in  1T76,  a  floating  bridge  was  thrown  over  to  facili- ' 
Uta  communication  between  the  Forts. 
tThe  pass  between  Crown  and  Chimney  Points  is  also  Terr  nar- 


.t 


Uwi^fc*^  >'•'♦■  *'t»*^*-^«.sipr(j 


:y    -    -"  b  it^''-'^ 


m 


"=pi^' 


Qta  is  also  voryoir- 


y 


THE  racircH  war. 


ts 


»d  tor  the  other  side,  -ifrfeUher  we  puraued  aiiH  In 
t^B^edthem.     Their  crews  con.C  of' 12  me„ 
hr»^  ^om  were  killed  by  our  fire,  and  ^o 
1«,  one  in  such  a  manner  that  he  soon  died 
^^k  and  destroyed  both  vessels  and  car^J^' 

W  CMks  of  the  lattemvere  carefully  conce3e7» 
he  pr,«,ner.  informed  us  they  wereVrt  of  ^ 
len,  the  remainder  of  whom,  were  not  far  beh^ 

Btu™^?r"«"-  .This  information   hastened  o^r 
Btum  to  the  «irnson,  where^e  arrived  with  onr 
.risoners,  on  tfic  I6th  of  Juiv     The  nrU^i 
.rted  "that  a  large  for^  S/i^gGlt'^Cd  Suf 

Mflr  Ticonderoga;^  that  a  great  quantity  of  nro 
ition.  were  on  the.way;4hat  a  new  LnwIlS 
rith  twoyeteran  regiments  had  ai^rivedJromF?^^ 
,Tjhat  there  was  no  desieo  •gainst  dkr  Ports  on  ih?.' 
ide ;  but  that  a  party  ofsoo^rench  and^^i  I„di^* 
M  already  set  out  to  intercept  our  provision  cT 
►y.  between  Albany  and  Lake  George7-S  at  6o  S" 
«  was  thereuHird/or  an  English  *ca/frand  tison" 

le  prospect  ofaharvest  was  very  encouraging,  b^J 

I  •A  proTidant  thought  for  «  Boldier. 

itChainblee  isUmileafromSMohiu  .h.!   »i.- i.     j    * 


58F^ 


^v 


% 


V 


# 


ifeM^.rSkiA-*''.^   * 


mt-L 


m 


N^eJ 


f*] 


.   ..-•"M 


:* 


■  \ 


«%. 


34 


REMINISCENCES  OlP 


tttei^r  '''  "'^'^  "^^^"^  havock  among. 

imit  OCT.  Shirley,  had  been  superseded  by  Major 
Qen.  Abercombie,  who  reached^ead  Quarters  «t 
Albany  or  the  26th  of  June,  with  tw^r^SSfu  o( 
eTSfp'^T  fr^"*  «»«Ja»d.    ItfiereSrwtd. 
cd  his  Excellency  the  report  of  my  last  scout-  and 
STLT"^*  an   a«gi4.tation  of  theXigm 
™  orll^  T^^  "P**"  ^'^  **  *»«  quartersfSS 
^wS^**"  '"*  *  "*^  comoany,  thecomiiand 
of  which  wag  givei,  to  my  brotWRichard^The 
company  was  completed  in  28  days,  and  went  on  a 
«out  up  the  Mohawk.     Of  thiVcS^v,  N^ 
Johnson  one  of  the  survivors  of  LoSft  ftrfi 

r*  ?P°?*!?  ?"*  '^»-  J^athaniel  Kt  Sd 
Lieot.  uid  Caleb  Page,  Ensign.    John  S«rT^ 

d7^;l^  irS^^r  first,  Joh?5'ecS: 

DarnDd  aiiiort  Wm.  Henry  in  one  of  theii*lit. 
crs  bmlt  there  this  summer, ^dih  t««ntv  i«.  S!" 
to  reconnoitre  Ticondero^  «d  SS^  pSS  ' 
Cam.  Umed»  with  60  nnsf  of  !he  proZcil  t";: 
•ttihe  same  time,  ordered  by  Oei.  wSsKSf  /^ 
proceed  as  &r  as  the  French  lld^eed^r^^^ 

S[es"d±TJk:s^prT:^^ 

ty  until  the  evening  of  Z  £  We.^|Si  C 
of  the,«Ui  Uie  wbok  piurty  mustered,  and  giScS 


tM  of  a  eonmiHioii  from  tlit  Pio»iBaM^IS«-Sl:  '^  "^  If" 

« 


1 

J' 

\ 

ik; 

r"T 

-* 

« 

■■■■■» 

/ 

# 

l^is^c?r 


".'-       •*:' 


THE  FKENCB  WAR. 


26 


the  summit  of  a  hill  wptt  .^rtu 
we  discovered  two  advanced  nL?'"^' ^^'*'»  ^^ch 
side,  half  a  mile  south  of  W^'T*^"  *^«  ^««t 
other  on  the  east  side  onni*  *l"P>'"  '  '«d  the 
old  Indian  Carrying  p^^^^^^  <^°J»er,  at  the 

400  men  on  the  easl Vnd  ooj^^^^f  ^^"^^  *^«'«  were 

After  deiiberatinff  nnn   ??   "•  ^^^  ^«^*  side.     ' 
my,  we  concluded  I  Ts  imnn?}""/?"  "^  *^«  «»«- 

any  longer.-^Capt.  LaTJ^n  "?nri  ^♦^  '■*"^»  '^^'^ 
™y  party  went  down  towarr?^  'S^^  *«  ^ampj^ai^d 

passed  by  and  proc^dedI^w?r7l^°"^^'^g«-    We 

the  west^ide  of  cTa^l^r^'  ^''*'^  ^^^in**  on 

several  batteaux  witrt!n^r:.'t^'^7^  discovered 

We  then  proce^dld  to  tKi  ^'*""^u  ^^^  Carillon. 

thevilIage^asmeSnUe?o?l'a^^^^^^  »^"™' 

ed  there,  perceived  a  part vnfM     ^'^''^  encamp-  " 

wholouldtmfot?;Sr?vV?  1^^^^'  *^o- 
before  they  we^^t  ou   pJ^r'  teb^renjhmen 

was  advised  by  Sir  Wm  T.k  'P""®  ^'^  *^e»;  b«t 
privates  and  ?Lfeut^^',eou?r*"  '**  """P'^y  '^irty 
under  the  direction  of^^«p'  ***  '*'*'"^  t'^«  ^ooA 

P?rtyLieut.Surha1  Ltedt^^^^^  ™» 
nis  own  men,  and  «.«.  ™*         °  '""'  »»'>><'  of 

lj»l  excuraions  •     fetumed  from  my 


..    "  t  .-i-  *a«.i» ,  ji-»^  fc  ..  * 


96 


REMINISCENCES   OF 


Afcout  this  time,  his  Excellency  the  Earl  of  Loa- 
doun  arrived  at  Albany  and  assumed  the  command  in 
Chief.  To  him  I  transmitted  an  account  of  the  In- 
fa  scout  above  mentioned,  (which  returned  on 
tae  I2th  with  two  French  scalps,)  requesting  per- 
mission to  penetrate  into  Canada  with  the  Indians, 
and  distress  the  inhabitants  by  burning  their  har- 
vest (now  nearly  ripe)  and  destroying  their  cattle. 

Accordingly  August  16,  we  embarked  in  whale 
boats  in  two  detachments.  Lieutenant  Stark  com- 
manding one  and  myself  the  other.     The  next  m  wn- 
mg  we  joined  each  other,  and  fell  in  with  eight,  «|i^- 
hawks,  who  had  left  William  Henrv  theday  prl^- 
ous.     We  then  proceeded  to  the  p'lace  wfcet^*  ohr 
boats  had  been  left,  July  7,  twenty  miles  north  of 
Grown  Point,  on  the  west  side  of  Champlain,  which 
we  reached  on  the  24th.     Embarking  again,  we 
steered  down  the  lake  towards  St.  Johns;  and  next 
day  made  twenty  miles.   At  -midnight   a  schooner 
was  observed  standing  up  the  Lake,  with  a  fair  wind 
towards  Crown  Point ;  she  passed  so  swiftly,  that 
we  could  not  possibly  board  her  as  was  intended. 
We  landed  on  the  26th,  and  the  Mohawks  departed 
1^  join  a  party  of  their  brethren  then  on  a  scout. 
The  27th  ambushed  a  point  of  land  to  intercept  the 
enemy's  batteaux  which  might  pass  up  and  down 
the  Lake;  not  finding  any,  we  returned  up  the  Lake, 
and  landed  8  miles  north  of  Crown  Point,  on  the 
east  shore.     The  29th  in  the  morning,  entered  a 
village  lying  east  of  the  Port  and  took  prisoners  a 
man,  his  wife  and  daughter,  (a  pretty  girl  of  four- 
teen) and  with  them  we  returned  to  Wm.  Henn 
Sept.  22d.  ^ 

The  Frenchman  stated,  that  "  he  was  a  native  of! 
Vaisac,  in  the  province  of  Guienne,  and  kingdom  of 
France  ;  he  had  been  in  Canada  16  year^,    in  the 
Colonies' service  six,  «nd  two  years  at  Crown  Point; 
that  the  Point  was  garrisoned  by  only  SOO  men,  and 


B-W^    I. 


»'-       /^     ■p.-l 


fg-       -^^fS^     ; 


THE    FiIeNCH    WAR.  g? 

levbr  was  at  Carillon,  o  •  the  advant'd^'^d^'VSt 
te«d  there  were  only  IS  men  at  the  lattiTthat  & 
Indians  were  at  Carillon    nn,!  Ron  _        '       ' '"'" 

Slons.'Sei„i,  dela  M^r.  ZV""T"''"'  ""y 

hd  fallen  into  the  hands  XI  Frencftn?  .""*" 
jot  ye.«,nfi™ed;  that  it  LlndSod'weint":" 

liTat  Q^w'J/i'"  '«r?'»f"y  vessel  had^.^. 

E.rH7l'i  I  "  "?n"»ned  t  le  number  of  men  on 
p^«  large  schooner  hadLen  augmewJd  fr„°^ 

Id^^Zrl."™.'  ^y'l^'ot  Ud  Londoun  Iwai- 
ktS  To  L  T""  "  Saratogalwid  was  by  him  "i- 
Kh  R.  .if''  "^  """P'ny  from  Wm.llenVy  to 
K  iS^JTi  '¥°'"  '"•  '"'^"o?  Creek,  to  cZ'^he 

B"  from  Ot  Jl-  S  *°"'  ""  "■  'P^H'-led  4  deser- 
"•»■»  Otway-,  Regiment  go  ng  over  to  the  eno- 


—  *r«.„ 


'\.. 


ji-i  4.!*,. 


■w'Wilj^ 


'    rTiT 


ii 


f 


^    /  REMINISCENCES    OF 

my^  who  were  tsent  back  to  Fort  Edward  in  the^ 
charge  of  Lieut.  Stark. 

Having  executed  our  commission,  we  proceeded 
to/  Saratoga  and  reported,  to  Col.  Burton.     Th^i 
we  met  ^  Capt.    Richard    Rogers    from  the    Mo<l 
hawk  with  the  Stockbridge  Indians  in  compwyJ 
We  all  returned  to  Fort  Edward, where  anencamj 
ment  was  formed.     Part  of  the  Indians*  were  seni 
out  on  the  east  sideof  Champlain,  to  alarm  the  enc 
my  at  Ticonderoga,  while  a  detachment  of  my  o^ 
and  Gapt.  Richard  Rogers'   company,  proceede(L 
down  Lake  Gteorge  in  whale  boats,  leaving  the  re] 
mainder  of  our  Rangers  to  serve  as  flankers  to  thd 
pMrties  convoying  provisions  to  Fort  Wm.  Henry .| 

Sept.  7.  We  embarked  on  Lake  George,  witl 
14  men  in  a  whale  boat,  which  we  concealed  thij 
following  evening,  on  the  east  shore  four  mile 
south  of  the  French  advance.  Here  I  left  7  men  i 
charge  of  Mr.  Ghalmera  volunteer  (sent  me  by  Sn 
John  St.  Glair)  with  directions,  upon  discoverinj 
the  enemy's  boats  proceedine  up  the  Lake,  to  coi 
▼ey  the  news  with  all  possible  speed  to  Fort  Wu, 
Henry.  With  the  other  seven^  larrived  on  the  9tj 
within  half  a  mile  of  TicoiiKleroga.  The  enero] 
were  engaged  in  raising  the  walls  of  the  Fort,  an] 
had  erected  a  large  block  house  near  the  south  ei 
comer  of  the  Fortress,  with  ports  for  cannon.  Ea 
of  the  block  house  was  a  battery  commanding  tl 
Lake.  Five  houses  were  discovered  close  toti 
water-side,  and  south  of  the  works — 160  tents  oj 
the  south  west  side,  and  twenty  seven  batteauz  hai( 
led  up  on  the  beach. 

Next  morning  with  one  private,  I  took  a  view 
the  falls  between  Ghamplain  and  Lake   Georg, 
where  we  had  heard  the  discharge  of  several  nm 

•  Capt  Juob  with  ha  Indiana  ratunied  two  days  after, 
four  French  acalpi  which  "tkm  obtained  on  tbe  eaat  fide  of 
Lake  opposito  Ticonderoga.    i 


*",•;»''■  »•>•  '^- ■•■•«  «>- 


.    .>*..«v^-»,« 


v.;i. 


brt  Edward  in  the^ 


1,  to  alarm  the  ene 


THE   FRENCH   W^E.K  29 

ts  the  evening  hefore.  Mr.  He^ilW  been  sent 
Idisco^r  the  cause,  and  soon  joine^  me  reporting 
Ht  the  French  were  building  a  smiSi  Port  at  thS 

[?i.     1     /^*'»  **".'*»®  ®*^'  8hor©V>f  iheLake; 

I-     !  "au  ?"«°^«5«d  their  guard  on^^he  west,  and 

limated  both  parties  at  500  men.     Wfe  found  the 

Sench  engaged  in  erecting  a  sawmUl  At  the  lower 

rt  of  the  falls,  and  returned  to  our  bolts  and  pro- 

bions  which  Mr.  Chalmer  had  left.  He"having W 

tnJlA  ;jr^f "' *»^^  ^«'«™ed  to  tiamp,  whithi  we 

■lowed  his  track,  and  arrived  on  the  1 1th  inst. 

pept.  24.    Gen.  Abercrombie  ordered  that  three 

Immissioned  officers  of  the  Rangers  with  20  pri- 

Kes  ^^ch  shofildteconnoitre  Wood  Creek,  South 

lyand    1  iconderoga,  who  alternately  kept  una 

Minual  scout  for  sDme  time.  i*      P  « 

?^J%'A  ^^%  S^St®':  part  of  the  army  now  lav 
[Fort  Edward  underGeneral  Abercroibie,  and 

tdjKTfK^i;'^^?  at  this  time,,  it  was 'sup- 

ted^hat  notwith  standing  the  season  was  so  far  ad- 

loed,  an  attempt  would  be  made  upon  the  French 

M  r!!!l    /  '  i"  ^0'"*'h»P  supposing  the  Lakes 

I  *k  *  ?^'  ^"^  ^^y  generally  do  in  December,) 

J  that  no  communication  could  be  kept  up  with  ^ 

lUiaiaHeniT,  contented  himself  with  keepimr  the 

Id,  utitil  Mons.  Montcalm  retired  to  winterquar- 

&i*«t'l7*  embarked  in  two  whale  boats,  withh 
*^l^\%!*'^''>  ^^^8  ordered  to  bring  a  prison- 
«S2«7*T^®'**«*-  We  passed  tlTe  narrows 
«?L^1^'^u"i^"^®""*'"^*'»<»n»  ^hen  Captain 
bur  hAl7  i*?^  '^T  **^*"  «  ^"«™t  «wt)  hail- 
KS?;i.  '  ^"^'^  **"  ^"•'^»  and  took  him  on 
I  hI  I  r?."*"i  one  of  whom,  was  taken  with 
ItJnn-^  ^  ^'"**^  *^^"  ^*y«  before.  We 
K^nlriSJ"!?*''  '«»*^  <>»  "»«  night  of  the 
?i  kin  *?*??  concealed  our  boats,  and 
celled  by  land,  within  a  mil^  of  the  Port.    The 

3* 


■^""WWWBBSSfi 


>S>»*y*5'i.i  t*^,  -^ 


..4 


■m 


«0 


REMfNISCENCES  Of 


next  day  we  discovered  two  videttes  to  the   piquet 
guard  of  the  French  Army,  one  of  whom,  was  post- 
ed on  the  road  leading  into  the  woods.     I  marched 
directly  down  the  road  in  the  middle  of  the  day,! 
with  five  of  my  party,  until  we  were  challenged  by! 
the  sentry.  I  answered  in  I^rench  signifying  friends  ; 
he  was  thereby  deceived,  till  we  came  close  to  him, 
when  perceiving  his  mistake,  in  great  surprise  hel 
called  out,  "  Qui  etes  vow  ?"  I  answered  "Rogers,"! 
led  him  from  his  post  in  great  haste,  and'  with   ourl 
parly  reached  William  Henry  Oct.  31st.     The  prwl 
oner  reported  "  that  he  belonged  to  the  Regiment  ofl 
^  Lai^edoc,  that   he  left  Brest  last  April  twelve*! 
mdtith;  had  since    served  at   Lake   Ghamplaiii, 
Crown  Point  and  Carillon;  was  with  General  Dies- 
kau  last  year  at  Lake^  George ;  that  the  French  lost! 
in  that  engagement,  it  great  number  of  troops  ;  thatl 
Ticonderoga  at  this^time  mouqtcd  thirty  six  piecesl 
of  cannon,  viz.  twelve  eighteens,  $fteen  twelves,! 
and  nine  eight  pounders  ;  that  CroWn  Point  wmI 
defended  by  eighteen  pieces  of  cannon^  the  largest! 
of  which,  were  eighteens  ;  that  Mons.   Montcalm'ij 
forces  this  year  at   Carillon,  were  8000  regularsj 
and  2000  Canadians  and  Indians  ;  t^at  Gen.  M ont-l 
calm  himself  was  away  with  one  battalion ;  thatl 
the  force  at  Csirillon  consisted  of  five  battalions,! 
and  800  Canadians ;  that  the  Indians  had  all  gone! 
home  ;  but  200  of  them  talked  of  returning  to  spendj 
the  winter  at  Carillon  ;  that  the  advanced  guard 
on  the  west  side  above  thb  falls  wpte  all  drawn  in  ;| 
and  that  on  the  east  consisted  of  6C)0  men,  who  vrm 
to  decamp  on  the  first  of  November  ;  that  five  Iwt-l 
ialions  of  infantry  of  the  line,  and  sixty  Canadianl 
mijitia,  lay  eneamped  half  a  league  from  Carillon  ;| 
and  the  remainder  of  the  army  were  within  thM 
Fort;  that  the»Barracks  were  sufficient  for  fiOOJ 
men,  whom  he  understood  were  to  quarter  there;! 
that  the  enemy  had  one  schooner  and  200  batteauij 


^^vr 


">y^..sf^M^!Msa 


TT^r*^ 


•'ft  f    -  *,  '■"_  w  V^  i"^*!''      T  ' 


*•-      ^ 


THE   FRENCH  WAR. 


St 


Lake  Champlain,  and  but  five  or  six  on  Lak« 

forge ;  that  Mons.  the  ChevaUer  Levi  command^ 

Iin the  Marquis  Montcalnj's  absence,  and  that  the 

Inadians  were  under  the  orders  of  Messrs.  Corn© 

in  Ih^If  !,'^'  ^^^"  '*»«  ^"«r*»  went  away! 

nZl^    ^"7  «  *'**  'P""« ''  '»»«'  the  French 
id  taken  four  of  Rogers'  whale  boats  on  Lake 
hainplain ;  that  when  he  was  talen  he  was  with- 
Jagun  shot  and  a  half  of  the  French  Portrind 
1^  their  camp  was  very  healthy." 
\:Z?  ^^i?  **"«  we  w0re  constantly  employed  in 
Iv     9*i?.fi  ^^r^'  "*'^"'  ^«^'  ^dwSrd'  unUI 
U  i\.ll'     r'  ^^f"  ^®  "*^®  *"  excursion  down 
it    f\i.   ^^^'  A'>«rcrombie  aid-de-camp  and  ne-  ^ 
bthf  '^"^  General,  had  the  curiosity  to  accom-^ 
biy  the  expedition ;  and  although  nothing  was  ef- 
kted  excepting  to  obtain  a  viiw  of  the  PrenSi 
te:/*  ^Sf  delighted  with  the  novelties  of  a 
...  uJ'l^'^  ****  romantic  and  noble  scenery 
9Ugh  which  we  conducted  him.    He  treated  ut 
pilsomely  on  our  return  to  quarters  at  Fort  Ed- 
ya,  on  the  evening  of  the  26th. 

Iv  o?  i^H  *'"*'  ^"  Lordship  drew  off  the  main 
fLf  A^K  *''"*>P5,fr}^°>  P«rt  fedward,  to  be  quar- 
Bd  at  Albany  and  New-York.    Both  armiesTnow 

Led^^rFnrt.'W."*''S  ^^"^  Rangers  were  sta- 
£pwJl?!i^'"*'''"^*""T'  *»**  Edward  J  and 
t«Hir  **5  S^.  """  "*^  companies  under  Cap- 
NsHobbs  and  Spikeman.*    These  two  compaS^ 

te&lr^^  ^"»^-  Henry-and^our 

KuiS*'Hl^^?«5"™. •*"***»  New-England 
E  i:  ^®  '^'"^^  "I~"  **»«  Norton  Goverament 
nZ^2  ^^'  **"'  "^r^^i"  the  winter  of  176™ 
icould  obtain  none,  though  Lord  Loudoun  .ener- 
h  supported  the  justice  of  the  claim         * 

•  Theac  compuiiea  cune  from  Halifu. 


.  4?^=^' 


Si, 


BEMinisccNCEs  or 


■\'- 


January  16,  1767.    Marchec^ with  Mr.  Stark  my 
Lieutenant,     Ensign    Page    of\Richard    Rogers/ 
company,  and  fifty  privates  to  I'ort  Wm.  Henry, 
where  we  were  employed  in  providing  provisions,] 
snow  shoes,  &c.  until  the  17th,  when  bemg  joined] 
by  Capt.  Spikeman  with  Lieut.  Kennedy?  Ensign] 
Brewer  and  14  men  of  his  corps,  together  with  EnJ 
sign  James  Rogera  with  20  men  of  Hobb's  company,] 
and  Mr.  Baker  a  Volunteer  of  the  44th  Regiment  ofl 
the  line,  we  proceeded  down  Lake  George  on  thel 
ice,  and  at  night,  encamped  on  the  east  side  of  thel 
3^_first  narrows-   Next  morning  some  of  our  party  whol 
had  hecome  lame  in  consequence  of  the  exertions  off 
^  yest'elrday,  were    sent  back.     This  reduced  ourl 
members  to  seventy  four  men  officers  includf^d.        I 
'      The  18th  encamped  12  miles  down  the  Lake  onl 
th&  west  side.      19th  marched  3  miles  d^bwn  th^ 
.  lake,  then  took  to  the  land  with  our  snow  shoes] 
travelled  eight  miles  N.  W.  and  encan^d  three 
miles  from  the  Lake.    20th  marched  N.  E-  all  day 
and  encamped  on  the  west  side  three  miles  froi 
Lake  Champlain. 

January  21.    We  marched  east,  until  we  cai 
to   the  Lake,  half  way  between  Grown   Point j 
And  Ticonderoga,  where  wfe  discovered  a  sled  pa» 
^:ng  from  the  latter  to  the  former.  Lient.  Stark  witb 
"  men  was  directed  to  head  the  sled,  while  I  witlj 
party,  cut  off  its  retreat, leaving  Spikeman  wit 
4^ntre.    Ten  other  'sleds  were  discovered  folj 
lowing  down  the  Lake;  and  I  endeavoured  to  gU 
Mr.  Stark  notice  of  it^  before  he  shew  himself  oi 
the  Lake,  hut  could  not.    He  sallied  out,  and 
hastily  turiied  hack  towards   Ticonderoga.     „, 
pursued  thetti,  took  seven  ^prisoners  three  rieds  and 
SIX  horses  ;  the  renainder  escaped.    The  captivfl^ 
were  examined  separately,  who  reported:  "that  f 
■  Canadians  and  46  Indians  had  just  arrived  at  . 
conderoga,  and  were  to  be  reinforced  that  evenin 


theN 


t 


"r " 


-*   -n  I'^K 


hU- 


THE  FBENCH  WAR. 


33 


isOIndians from  Crotm  Point;  that  there  were 
p  regular  troops  at  Jhat  Fortre  s,  and  350  arT? 

Ihe  spring  were  io  besiege  ou^-torfs  i  that  ii»Z 

re  WBU  equipped  and  m  condition  to  marrh  «♦  o 
Uents  warning  and  intended  to  way  lay  anj  d  s^ 
fcsthe  convoys  between  our  Ports  "    P™  H? 

Ed  wollfe  '?■•  ''"-?4  'Sat''h„»'Xl;! 
pea  would  give  immediate  notice  of  us  I  amro 

feS^h^  "^'V^  «•!  expeditionTto  the  k  iwe 
b&bv  Hrv-«^'  ^^""'^^  *»^  P^^P*''^  for  TatTle 
Ef  t^L^  ^J^'".«  **"*'  e"°«'  it  being  a  rainy  dav 
M8  wftaccordinclyeffcoted.  We  then  mawhed  rin" 
file,  njvself  anS  Lieuti  Kennedy  in  f7oT  W 

r^nli     ™p  '^"^  ^"P*«'»  Spikeman  in  the  S: 

r^r  LV^iL-nl  ^'-.P^-^^er  between  the  Centre 
fgttwd    *^  *'''*'  '**^»"«  command  of  a 

I  this  manner,  we  advanced  half  a  mile  ovpr 

l^  o™~?.-  tn       ■•?""«  Siined  Ihe  summit 

teof  "(b^trTaijT^'^^^^^^^^^^ 

[nearest    «n5'»K-  ?  *^'**"?«  °^  ^^^  yards  from 

r^     T    TM«  fi^A'y  7*';^*  ^'O"*  tfie  rear  of 
ty.    This  fir6  took  place  about  2  o'clock 

and  proved  fatal  to*^Lieut.  Kennedy^d 

'  tdmvself-^'r'^r'^^^'  woundin^g'sTv^ 
.  ana  myself  in  the  head.  I  ordered  mv  mJn 
»tire  to  the  opposite  hill,  wherSrStTrJ 

o^ro::7Zt^'Z^'''''^^^'^'^  forty  men 
t  Snnrnnf       **j    F®  ^*''«  «'o«ely  PursVied-- 

Ik  Cfrom;K.VM!'*i .?.  *'^  '«P"'«ed  them  by  a 
f   ^'^  *^'°">  **»*  ^">  killing  a  number,  andaffofd. 


^^• 


■~M»,ili^.«.^.*«,,,-,  iV4,4.»..-* 


Jr» — • ,  -  «i-i — «._^ 


..    ..<■    y 


S4 


,     REMHriS^NCES  01 


i:^"'r&.  Ll^.•'"sr^'^l••'•-■ 
wah  En.ign  Roger.;  ^e.nu'w  L™ ',"„^\X'.'' 

out  the  reserve  hmvolv.  „♦*   ""^"»pie(i  to  flank  us; 

first  fire,  wh  ch  stop^a  sevetff  *^""'  «'^H  the 
the  main  body.  V^rw^'^fK  '''''^,  ''etrefttwg  to 
front,  but  havfncr  t^  adv«n.I  '"  r^^^^'"^  ''^^'^ '^ 
being%heIteredBV  larleTrpl^''^^  the  groun»;4nd 
tinual  fire  upon  them^whfc, '  ;:^?,"i*'»*»i"^^%con. 
compelled  tL  otS^  >S„n"'l^""™^'^'  •"^ 
They  attempted  to  fl«nr"P°"  ***®"" «»«"  body, 
again  gallSyr^ull^J^.  us  once  more,  but  wefe 

from  loading  my  gun  tK.  Wt  *^"*'''*^  *« 
tinued  antil  darkne«  nr«  f  i  *'**"  h<»wever  cOn- 
er.     Our  men  gStfy  W^^^^  oth- 

fire  of  the  enem^  cSt'd^e'  Sir^d ''""  ""  '^« 

stra^t^toittiH'"  T^^"  P-i-<»  -eral 

ing  usfthat  thev  had  "ti^  r"- ™   '  sometimes  a«iur-. 

would^ut  us  to  pieces  ^I?;^^^ 

was  a  pity  so  man  v  hr»  "*  ^^'"'y  '  ""^  that  it 

i»caseofLrremler^  ^elh^u  i^'''^'^  ^  ^°^  J  that 
passion  ;  caE  mi  bv  nf  '^  \^i  '"^^'^^  ^'th  com- 
their  fri^ndshTp^S^^  e^t^m'' b ^.r^ '^  "»«  ^^ 
who  fought  by  my  side  wil'  •  V  *^®  '"^^^  °»en 
ed  by  thiir  threaTs  „ir  fl  I^  ^t'^'^f  *«  be  dismay- 
and  determ,S  t'n  '  ^"*"*^  ^y  ^^^''  Professions, 
their  hani*'  conquer,  or.  die  with  arms  in' 

•r/SdfcK  faSS^;  of  rrll\®\r"''"  ^"^  ^og^ 
which  they  went  out.  and  all  ;«5i.  Vi ?*"  ""^  *''«  "*"•  '"ck  by 
»/  other  brare  men  w^^  ,;",.""''*''  '»'»»• '»  -fety.whUe  «,  b,2 


»<««><%'»At«^i  »»«.<«^^j 


'-V- ...-.„ 
A^*.'^ 


I    ^^'JS'WIW-II  -'**'  »*««%T/( ' . 


THk  FBENCB  WAR, 

Alter  the  action  wr*  i.»  j 

vcrely  wounded  ti;a7*hevco^i*i''^*2  """*'^''  "»  ^' 
assistance;  but  as  we  were  nTJ?  ?k  ^T^^  ^^"'O"* 
•?n  it  wa«  thought  b^rtStX  i;?  ^?"'''  ««■•"- 
ni^ht,  and  retreat,  which  J.^^^^7'*"''»«®  ®f  the 
^pJrits  of  the  wounded  as  w?,f  ^^P'^f  "P  tht 
reached  Lake  George  sir  .^l  ^*"  "^  P««"We,  and 

advancedg^^rdS^orSt^Xl^^^^^ 
wer^now  exhausted  and  ro„i5'     ""?  wo"nded  men 

Lieutenant  StarJi*  ther^^.i  ^^'^^.''^^  farther— 
Burnside  and  an^therto  t,r„T^^^^  ^^^^  Thomas 
Henry,  and  Procure  sI^Hrfr^^^^ '"  ^V  .^'""^ 
reached  the  %H  that  nfahf  ^j"®  ^«"nded.  They 
sfeigh  arrived  thou  J  thfr/"^  next  morning  thJ 
mife.  Lie^/Sw^Sh^'^^  nearly  Lty 
gers,  came  out  "With  fift  J«  ^^^  ,*'®''^  of  Ran- 
Srst^narrows  oluke  £r"'o""^  "'•^'' "«  «*  the 
consisted  of  fo-^eTglueStive^^^^^^  '^^^^  ^'»'*^'' 
men,  arrived  at  ^illU  Henir^Uh  S  «  •""^'**^ 

Jooktg  bl^  Se  icTo^  *'^!f  '^"^^'  'he'  party 
following  au  Sist««r^  '   ^'''''*^  something  tiacf 
one  of  tS,Tr  Bt^Se^3  '1^  «"PP°^^"^  ''  4ht  be 
him.     H^  prbWo  hi  T    r«*  r/'  '*^"t  hack  for 
towiivN.T   Hishin  Join*  ^''5\^^*^'"  of  Goffs. 
ball,  Uich  pas"d  ?Kh  S?,^  K^'J  ^'^'^^i^''^*^  hy  a 
been  lefl  for  dtXn  iKm  %  J"^?'  ''"^  be  had 
covered  himself  follotlfi?  ^"^ '*'"'^'  but  had  re- 
tbeLake,and^;rtK         '°?''»^^«  *^«^ks  to 
was  so  exhausted  th«fl,P*  ,'"i'«ht  of  them.    He 
the  relief  Sedhl^^X^  down  *he  moment 

-  the    Port    ^J:-,   o^f^r  wta^/J'-d-     ^ 


V;,l 


X 


—r- 


:.*">•*  "^""•'st-". 


36 


KFMINISCENCE8  OF 


:'     -      5   • 


tiiroueh  the  war  and  died  at  Ooffstown  at  an  ad- 
vanced age. 

T&ie  numlfcr  which  attacked  us  aqidunted  to  iS50  j 
French  and  Indians,     ^e  ^aflt^rwards  had  'an  ac- 
count from  the  enemy  that  their  loss  of  those  killed  i 
on  the  spot,  and  who  afterwards  died  of  their  I 
wounds,  amounted  to  116   men.    .The  officers  and 
>oldier8  who  suryived  the  first  onset,  behaved  with 
the  most  undaunted  bravery,  and  vied  with  each 
other,  which  should  excel  m  their  respective  sta-j 
tions.* 


;'    \ 

s 

[ 

1" 

, 

^; 

■I 

V  ■ 

\  ■ 

RETURJ^  of  killed  and  wounded  in'  the  action  oj  the\ 
2\8tof  Jantuiry  near  Ticonderoga. 

.CAPTAIN  ROBERT  ROQERS'  COMFAMT. 

Capt.  Robert  Rogers,  wounded  ;  Mr.  Baker,  vol-l 
unteer,  killed ;  Mr.  Gardiner,  do.  do.  ;  Thomasl 
Hcnson,  killed  ;  Sergeant  Martin,  wounded  ;  Will-' 

•  In  regard  to  the  battle  of  January  21, 1757,  the  late  venerabltl 
Mr.  Shjite.  of  Concord,  N.  H,  remarked  that  Rogers  did  npt  acll 
with  his  usual  prudence.    He  states  that  after  taking  the  vleda,  if 
council  of  war  advised  to  return  by  a  diflerent  rout,\from  that  b^ 
which  the  party   came,  which    was  the  usual  practice  of  tb 
Rangers,    and  on    this  occasion,    would  ha^e    enabled  then 
to  escape  the  hazards  of  a  battle.    Rogets,  however,  ^aid  in 
gardto  the  enemy,  that  they  would  not  darxJo  pursiie  him,  andj 
took  the  sam|B  rouf  back.    The  first  notice  the  Rangers  had  ol 
the  enemy  was  the  noise  in  cocking  their  guns,  which  Shut< 
supposed  was  one  of  the  Rangers  preparing  to  kill  a  partridgi 
He  was  himself  struck  senseless  by  a  shot,  which  plouehed  tli 
top  of  his  head  ;  on  coming  to  himself,  the  fiist  sight  which  me] 
his  eye,  was  one  of  the  Rangers  cutting  off  Rogers'  cue  to  stoq 
"-  tbe  bole  in  his  wrist  through  which  a  shot  had  passed.    On  tli 
night  of  their  tetreat,  the  Rangers  made  a  circuit  to  avoid  a  larg 
(ire  in  the  wood,  supposing  the  Indians  were  there.  This  can 
them  to  lose  time,  so  that  Joshua  Martin  who  had  kindled 
fire  to  warm  himself,  was  gabled  to  follow,  and  get  in  sight 
them,  on  the  lake  ;  otherwise,  he  must  have  perished. 


■i      •' 


"  r  t  y*-  '"^^^ 


-•♦^*  4»'H(^<n*^■<ttl  '^  %■-  *i 


*■***«-  t*i»n*-*^  f  ■ 


■■     '.-•  -i 


THE  rRKlfCH  WAB. 


3.7 


town  at  an  ad- 


iam  Morris,  missing  ;  Thomas  Burnside,  woun^-^ 
I     Total,— 3  killed  ;  3  wounded;  3  missing 

CAPTAIN  RICHARD  ROGERS^  COMPAWy. 

Joseph  Stevens,  killed ;  Benjamin  Oon^.ii      • 
sing;  fiavid  Kimball,  da;  eSd  Calph  i' "' k 
kilTed  ;  David  Page,  wounded  ^°  ^'^^'^  ^'^^ 
I     Total,--2kille<r;  I  wounded;2niiggi„g. 

CAPTAm  HOBBS' COMPANY. 

Sergeant  Jonathah  Howard,  killed  •    Pl.:»<>i. 
fr%  do.  ;  John  Edmunds,  do'  ;  Sas  Fame" 
|do.;  Emanuel  Lapartaquer,  do.  'armer, 

Total,--6  killea  ;  none  wounded ;  none  missing. 

CAPTAIN  SPIKEMAN's  COMPANT. 

m^S*  A^^'^  ■  "f  m'.  J"'^.'  Lieut.  Kennedy,  do.  •  , 

l^^cA^!"''^''  '"«''"'  Moore,'wounde5; 

Total,— 4  killed  ;  2  wounded :  1  missinir 
^inW*""^*    Ki^»«i-14;;ouSdeT5;^ 
Having  forwarded  this  report  to  Major  Spsrks 
Fort  fidward,  I  wrote  to  Capt.  AberiromK 
Jbany,  recommending  such  officers  as  wJ»  »«!» 
Reserving,  to  fill  the  ?acanci^?c^„^b_'»«J 
U  action,  as  follows ;  Lieut.  StarUa  iS^Captd^ 
W  Spikeman'scojps;  and  Sergeant  ioshualSSS 
bbejHSign  of  Richard  Ro^e«>  compa^.   ¥h" 
following  answer  was  receiv^.  *^^ 

•  Caleb  Page  was  from  DanbartOD,  N.  B. 
f  no«»mfarta»  w«n»  taken  piiwnen. 


.•N...V, 


c 


H 


-'*-^-"jf»*.tK^iifc.M*W» 


TmTi^ 


■^'i'lji  <i*  *k» 


'ffr*""MM 


"^ 


"  'K 


\ 


36 


BEMIIflSCEIfCKS  OP 


Pi. 


Dear  Sir,    '  '^'^''^y'  ^''*-  6th.  1757- 

He'r^u^^sVutdVV^^^^^^^  ^^ ^^i-  Sparks, 

behaviour ;  'and  hw  JLcommPni^^''^'^""*-  S^od 
doun,  that  they  haTpayS^^^^^^^  ^'^^^^»"- 
On  reviving  'the  acSof  vour  ,?f  ^'T'"' 
•ent  an  express  to  Boston  \J  skirmish,  we 
brother  Jaies,  for  LTeutitTr?^**^"^  ^^"^ 
Pany.  Please  send  thfSl  L^ff^'T""  ^°"'' 
i^ecommendfor  vour  ntim^      ^  the  officers  you 

pmmendation^^rii^^dryS^^^^ 

imagine  how  all  ranks  nf%^*i^*    ^^^  cannot 

youfmen*sbehaW  I^^'^^^^T  ^i'"^^  ^^^^ 
^  appearance  w^I I Tas  omZtX ^t""^  .^^*»»  *»»«*• 
it  for  granted?  thevx^nM  ^J'*  ****"»»  **»«*  '  ^ok 
they  mit  thetl'^.Tam  h^nn^^f"  ^\^«^«^ 
expectations  are  answered    ^^^  **"  '^"  '*»«*  ™y 

play  at  Wfo/withoSImtliia  ^k  "  impossible  to 
to  revenge  the  iosii      pT^T  ^  "**'*•     ^«  n»«»t  try 

but,upoS  honir-IshoM"^"?  ^'"  ^«'«^«in 
been  4h  you^at  iSf  fc"  ,^°  «i'»^  *«  h»^« 
per  of  fi^h^in^  inlsSt  ,^^'i?™f  *^"  ?r 
ing  shot  Is  all  Ituff,  andS^ill  >*'^"J*'*  **'  ^«- 
the  best  for  the  soldier  «^5»7""?  ?"n«ple  is 
billet,"  and  that  it  is  aLtS  1.^'^  ^"''^**  *»"  i^ 
die  ;  so  that  I  am  <irt^  t  J?.  '*''^  ^^^'^  »««  "ball 
that  it  is  better  to  ^e  «Sk  i  '  ^""^^  ?"«  '^i"  ««i-ee 
man,  fighting  foJ^sJ^JJeJ^^  rjP«»«tion  of  a  b^ve 

by  shaifefull^  runn  ng  awS^'to  „T**^  **"*'  **"« 
or^by  lingering  out  Wj^'alj  ^^^  """  "  '^^t' 
bed,  ^thout  having  done  hi.lJi^J.td  Sn/'y 

fulUf%hith:Ll?iUr^^^  particularly,  are 
F«nch,.ndtt2!;,-fe~^^^^ 


^■tLi-4.;"'' 


^-  6th.  1757- 

Maj.  Sparks, 
i  for  your  good 
nay  Lord  Lou- 
heir  prisoners, 
skirmish,  we 
tending  your 
kemaiPg  com. 
B  officers  you 
ind  your  rec- 

You  cannot 
pleased  with 
ed  with  their 
i>  that  I  took 
5H  whenever 
earn  that  my 

Jy,  as  well  as 
mpossible  to 
We  must  try 
II  believe  it, 
glad  to  have 
id  the  man- 
hance  of  be- 
principle  is 
lulethas  its 
y  Hum  shall 
B  will  agree 
»  of  a  brave 
cause,  than 
B  one's  life, 
in    one's 
d  king  any 

u'arly,  are 
ed  by  the 
on;  where- 


THE    FREirCH    WAR. 


39^ 


fore  I  think  every  brave  man  ought  to  do  his  utmost 
to   humble  that  haughty  nation,  and  reduce  her 

i  rWhln'S^rAt*'^'  T"*^^'  to  „rr2o"w  ht 
its.     When   Gen.  Abercrombie,  receives  his  Lord 

Your  most  humble  s^-vant, 

-         JAMES  ABERCROMBIE 

To  Capt.  Robert  RouERs.      ;  •^^"'^''■^«'"^- 

for^m J-'^T'^i'^'^i"?  '^*'"«'  '  ••^paired  to  Albany 
for  medical  aid,  and  there  received  from  Gen  AW 
crombie  the  following  instructions. 

INSTRUCTIONS  FOR   CAPT.  ROBERT  ROGERS. 

^n?i!l,^'?"!"*'y  ^^^  ^*''  Of  I^oudoun  having  giv- 

Smgers  in^dl"  """'  *"  '^^^^^^^^  *»»«  companif  of 
Kangers  under  your  command  to   100  men  earh 

K  ^r'"'  *^^  ^-^--*^'  -  EnTS.  rpt 

~Sd  10S'*.tT*^  "*'  t'o""''^  .^^^  Y«^k  currency 
^^an^lOO  privates  at  2*.  and  6d  each,  ditto,  p^ 

sen^^il.  'Ir*''  ^*'**!"P"^ate8  are  serving  at  pre- 
sent  in   your  companies  on  hiirher  Dav    t1i«n  /iL 

JheTir^^fl:"^'  y*^"  «^«  at  C J'^^'d he W 

ihhLnt*r,*i'^''^"'**?^^'^^"»^«'t^^ 

If  t  "ev  ;eml     V''  ^^""^^  "«"  t«  »-«'P»»«'  them. 

thevwillTrr*"^  ^7*' you  may  aJsure  them, 

they  w,n  be  noticed,  and  be  the  first  provided  fw 

ey  toTnThf  ^  '^^"T^  *en  dollars  Tunrv  monl 
f?Ai?  **"  °^"  clothing,  arms  and  bl'ankets 

end  sign  a  paper  subjecting  himself  to  ?he  artSeTof 


►.t«M«,*r%K^.»^*,^ 


^W9f**«T"'^r^' 


ry- 


'^( 


.'-^ 


40 


aEMIMIBCENCES    Or 


war,  and  to  serve  during  the  war.  You  are  to  Jn- 
hat  no  vagrants,  but  such  as  you  and  your  offict  rs 
ITrrfr'h^  S"^  ^^'^o^r^  ever/  way  3 
pwwes  as  soon  as  possible,  and  proceed  to  Fort  e1 

JAMES  ABERCROMBIE,  Major  General\ 

aid^'ii^nK^ -'  '  T**'^  h?^^  ^**"^°"»  soliciting  hi 
^ij    ^''^^^"^"g  ^'•°°?,  Government,  an  ordeffoi 
what  was  due  to  myself  and  my  men,  for  our  servil 
ces  in  the  winter  of  1755.    He  repli;d  thatLThesel 
services  were  antecedent  to  his  command,  it  w»  not 
w.ril^'^''  '**  '•^^^•^d  them.     Gen.  Amherst  afte?- 
wards  gave  me  a  simila*- answer.    My  men  after- 
wards  commenced  suits  and  recovered  judirments 
gainst  me  for  £828:  3:  3.  sterling,  besidJSs 
for'III  nf  "tTiT"  ^«^^ic««for  that  severe  S5on 
aUon  "^"^^^  ^**^^^^^  any  con8i,d«r. 

Ipv^S';!.^''^*"  ^'***  "'  ***"  time,  and  Lieut.  bSc- 
L  iTt'u  T  ''if P'  ^*«  "»°»ed  to  his  place.  l 
March  5th.  I  suffered  with  the  small  pox,-which 

tTme"'^".?  '"**'*"   '^^^  of  April,  dSrTng  ZS 
time  my  officers  were  recruiting  according  to  the 

™;;^Si.^^'  ^^"^^^-  ^^«  follo^|?eie:| 

*     > 

g,^  "  -^ew  Korfc,  ^;)n7S2,  1757 

K«^^  another  Ranger  company  has  been  sent  to  All 
hSKJrN*""^^"'^'!''^'^'* '«  ««*•  Ports,  you  wi  l| 
IhZZ?^'  ^''«''*  *'•?'  '*  "  LordLoudoin's  order  i 
«^  the  two  companies  at  Wm.  Henry,  and  yourP 
own  at  Port  Edward,  proceed  immedii  ely  toTl 
bany,  and  embark  for  this  place.    Sh^w  thh  ?etfer  f 


.■WMmmm. 


m 


THE  FRENCH  WAR. 


41 


,  Major  General! 


to  Col  Gage,  that  he  may  inform  Col.  Monro  of  his 

Lordships  orders;  and  that  quarters  may  be  pro- 

Jvided  for  your  companies  at  Albany.     See  that 

Imen  ;  if  they  are  found  insufficient,  the  blame  will 
b  i^;/"";  .V^'  "®^^'«  «f  '^^  new  c^mprny 
\ZIZ  \''^'^f  '^°°^''  «^«"t  Wm.  Henry,  your 
brother  must  send  some  officers  and  men  to  inform 
him  of  the  different  scouting  grounds. 
I  f  am  Sir, 

Your  humble  servant, 
JAMES  ABERCROMBIE, 

ITo  Capt.Robt.  Rogers,  Albany.     *"   '*"^'    ^^ 

Richard  Rogers  with  his  own,  and  Burein's  new 
companv^of  Rangers  from  Jersej',  beingLft  at  W^ 
Henry,  SWk's  and  Bulkley's  fromTm  Heni^' 
and  my  oWn  from  Fort  Edward,  proceeded  to  S' 
bany,  and  thence  to  New   York,'  WrTshenard's 

5ooSuni.^n      %r^  V'^^nsport,  and  left  Sandy- 
\uuur  ^    u  '^'^>t*»  a  fleet  of  100  sail,  bound  to 

f^  o^n^Sat::?  dde*'  '^'^^'^"■•^  -^"«  ^'^^--y 

SchhLok  IhT'  '**  ^y^^nee^^^  5    ^^ence  to 
ho  mS  iTn  ^?®'f  »on»e  of  our  men  were  employed 

Ihor^nte  r  '^t  ""^^^«'  ^^'  *»>«  use  of^he 
trJi?!,  \  *  I^ouisburg  Expedition  ;-other8  cov- 
ered the  haymakers,  and  others  wenrupXwoutl 

tenfl'th'Yi^  '^"  de«erter.?f^he  S 
rrgiment.    in  the  latter  part  of  Julv  ^o  P.n<«>... 

re™  sent  across  the  IsthmTof  NovaV^tia^^h^ 
iTcNortt^li^*  Bay  of  Pundy,  ^d  ftrtyVi* 

W«,  which  tl  \T'  ***  •^^^"r  **»«  woorfoJdeser. 
F«J«j^which  brought  m  several  both  of  the  army  and 

,1   .       4*' 


■V 


r 


4.ii  ; 


42- 


-^1 


EMINISCENCES  Of 


k 


At  this  time  Admiral  Holbourn  arrived  with  a 
fleet  from  England,  with  several  regiments  of  troops 
on  board,  which  were  landed  and  encamped  at  Hal- 
itax.   AI  the  scouts  were  now  called  in  ;  but  cer- 
tam  intelligence  being  received,  that  a  French  fleet 
of  superior  force,  had  arrived  at  Louisburg,  the  in- 
tended expedition  was  laid  aside,  and  the  Rangers 
remanded  to  the  western  frontiers.   While  here,  Ad^ 
miral  Holbourn  exhibited  a  sample  of  summary  ius- 
tice,  as  practised-in  the  navy.     A  countrymaii  had 
sold  a  person  attached  tb  the  squadron,  produce  to 
the  amount  of  forty  ci  owns  ;  and  knowing  that  the  i 
fleet  was  under  sailing  orders  for  the  next  day,  and ' 
that  the  purchaser  intended  in  that  way,  to  cheat 
him  out  of  the  whole  sum,  came  on  Board,  and  sta- 
ted his  case  to  the  Admiral ;  whrf  sending  for  the  in- 
dividual, spoke  as  follows  :-"  You  owe  this  man 
forty  crowns  Sir—do  you  see  that  yard  arm— make 
out  his  money  m  20  minutes,  or  youswing  there." 
1  he  money  was  immediately  paid. 

Numbers  of  the  Rangers  were  carried  off  this 
summer,  by  the  small  pox  and  several  of  my  offi- 
cers were  sent  on  the  recruiting  service.  We  oncel 
more  embarked  for  New  York,  and  proceeded  up 
Hudson  river  in  small  vessels,  where  my  recruits 
soon  arrived.  We  then  proceeded  to  Port  Edward 
which  was.now  the  only  cover  to  the  northern  fron- 
tiers of  New  York  and  the  more  eastern  provinces, 
Fort  Wn»  Henry*  having  been  taken  inAugust  pre- 
vious  by  the  Fien^i.  *      .v 

•  My  brother  Richard  died  of  the  small  poi  a  hw  dava  befort  I 
the  a,e«e  ;  but  the  enemy  after   their  con«Cue«t,  had  t^cmZjl 

J^al^I^TdtSd.^'^  ^"^^  co^panie.  of  Ranger.  w..| 

When  the  French  took  Fort  Wilham  H«nry.  they  wera  rathar  1 

wrJ?h""  r  ^'"7*"'  ^'""'i^'  »'°*'«»»  thTsutLTthTiarriao" 
whom  they  found  conceal  ,d  under  a  batteau.  than  they  warewS 

buwnesB.  after  plundering  him  of  every  thing  but  hii  scalp.    H. 


. '    <♦ 


;   if*' 


-•N^ 


'■^^ 


THE   PEENCH/WaR. 


43 


inry,  was  more  than 

Longee  the  fqjnous 

to  effect  a  surprise  on 


The  capture  of  William 

nee  attempted  by  the  Fren/c 

'rench  partisan  endeavopi^d  lo  enect  a  surprise  on 

?on"Af.^'''*^  ^'''"^  whilethelJfshpo" 

ouse      t  lSr°"  "^^"i  V^^S^'^ »»  *  drunken^ca- 

ouse.    It  was  however  defended  by  the  vigilance  of 

^he  Rangers  Uo  repulsed  the  pJench,  ^huTthe 

her  troops  Were  coming  to  their  sensed.*     Sever- 

ar  oHr^^'^  "^*^"  "P«"  '^'  Fort„while  the 
.dkio..  ^''"«  "Tf  ^"8'^S^^  »'»  his  Looisburg  ex! 
edition  and  finally  on  the  2d  of  August  1757  It 
as  closely  mvested  by  a  large  army  of  French  and 
ndians,  under  the  Ma?^is  dfMontL?m  the  French 

Cr    ArS-  ^.^*'^'  -a  Governor  General  of 
anada.    At  this  time,  an  English  army  of  6000 

^"biT'ThiTV^^"^''^  withinS^miJes  LSL'i^. 

^ebb.f    This  force  with  the  talents  of  Howe  to. 

ave  directed  its  operations,  would  have  proved  an 
^ver  ma  ch  for  thfe  French,  and/^rhaps  furnished 
■hem  with  a  second  edition  o/filcskau.  But  no 
uccour  being  affordecfto  the  garrison,  after  a  brave 
d  hvT^''^  d^',  in  which  tlie^r  Fort  was  render! 
if  th^2  ^"T'' '  '^.***'  r  '^"S^''  tenable,  and  most 
fon^l^^""?  ^"'^*tiv*'^*y  ^"^endered  on  condi- 
Sn  r"/f  '  "^^^^  condition  was  shamefully 
iroken  by  the  enemy,  and  many  of  the  prison- 

rc!I„1!J!J  ?!?"'*'  to  the  miUtary  wrvic.  afterwards  ;  bat  became 
Uoiuidorable  merchant,  a  Judge,  and  wa.  the  first  profector^f 
%•  canal  at  Ameskeag  falls  on  Merrimack  River     6e  HV.it„ 

piprisiof  and  public  spirited  citizen.  i^  '»>«•«  •■ 

•SeeStark'iMemoiie.  ' 

Ln^' wis.'  '.^'^?'  "".'u**  *.''''  *™«  •*»'»"  Edward,  and  ur«d 
n^oLMgnroadTuing  a  capitulation.  •"•■••ge 


I 

I 
i 


i  '>.     >:^f:^i 


A:h 


.x:,^  -^jffl! 


& 


I 


4#. 


REUmiSCENCBS    OF 


ers  led  away  and  massacred  by  the  savag^.  Pre-1 
.  vious  to  the  expedition  against  Wm.  Henry,  ten  sJ 
chems  had  been  despatched  *8  messengers  to  thd 
North  Western  tribes,  to  invite  them  to  become  th! 
allies  of  the  French.  In  consequence  of  this  sum] 
mons,  a  tribe  called  the  Cold  Country  Indians  at 
peared  at  the  siege.  By  these  cannibals  many 
the  prisoners  were  slain  and  eaten.*  Two  of  then 
seized  a  lad  named  Copp  and  were  leading  him  awal 
by  Uie  shirt  sleeves.  His  cries  caught  the  attentioJ 
of  Benjamin  Richards  one  of  the  Rangers  a  boll 
athletic  man,  who  rushed  after  them,  and  snatchel 
away  the  boy,  leaving  the  shirt  sleeves  in  thei] 
han^S-l 

.  General  Webb  now  commanded  Port  Edwari 
and  kept  the  Rangers  continually  emploj-ed  patrol 
ling  the  wopds  between  Port  Edward,  and  Ticon 
deroga.  Lord  IfoWe  acompanied  us  in  one  of  thoi 
sco»its,  being  desirous  of  learning  our  method 
naarching,  ambushing,  and  recreating  ;  and  on  ouj 
return,  expressed  his  good  opinion  of  us  very  ffej 
erously.  /si 

Lord  Loudoun  now  ^dded  a  nun^ber  of  volu. 
teera  from  the  regulars  tb  our  corps,  to  be  traine 
to  the  wood  service,  under  my  inspection,  to 
employed  hereafter  as  light  mfontry.      Some 
themjielonged  to  the  celebrated  42d  Reiriment 
IIi/;hlander8.  §       - 

•Tile  Journal  of  a  French  officer  who  serred  under  Montcal 
was  afterwards  taken  in  the  West  ladies,  which  stoted  that  f 
Indians  roasted  several  of  their  Eiwliah  captives,  and  comnelL 
the  sorvivorB  to  partake  in  the  hornd  banquet.     [Hutch.  Hia]! 

tCol.  Bailey  was  pursued  by  these  savages,  and  ran  barefo 
«d  through  the  woods,  to  Fortidwaid  IS  v^tL 

§This  gaUant  Regiment  86  yean  afterwards  repulsed  the  Fre» 
oothe  shores  of  Aboukir,  and  covered  th«  luu&ng  of  Sir  Ra 
Abererombw's  army  in  Egypt.  "•^  «« 


THE  FRENCH  1TAR. 


45 


These  volunteerg  were  formed  into  a  company  by 
kemsclves,  under  my  immediate  orders,  /or  their 
Inefit,  I  redaced  to  writing  several  rules,  and  a 

the  tSy%"'"'^'='^'^?P«-^^^  ^^^  taught 
iDec.  1,  m?.  Lord  Loudoun  visited  Fort  Ed- 
ferd.  fd  after  givmg  directions  for  quartering  the 
hny  left  a  strong  garrison  under  the  command  •{ 
Ci     TIl".'^'  "^"r  returned  to  Albany.     The Ran- 

kn„.      I    !i^''''i"t^/''  ^®r®  quartered  in  huts 
bpn  an  island  in  the  Hudson,  near  Port  Edward  • 

Lruri^®™P'°y®^.*"^«"0"s  scouts,    which   my 
balth  did  not  permit  me  to  accompany  until  Dec. 

uJl.IV'  uu^'^^J  ''^^''^  °^  ^°^-  Kaviland,  I 
larched  with  150  men,  to  reconnoitre  Carillon, 
M  If  possible,  to  take  a  prisoner.  We  advanced 
ac  miles  m  a  snow  storm  and  encamped,  the  snow 
fllS}-^^^J^'}'^''^'^^^Py^d  before  nfominir 

Ir  roStl       ^^     ""^  ^"**"'  ^^  ^^''^^^^^  P"^"^ 

iM'^'rlu:  ^'t\  ^^  '"^  P"/y  ^'"^  ^»tigued  and  un- 
11' Jf  ?  .u  ***  ''^"'P'  t^«  remainder  proceeding 
Ine  miles,  to  the  east  side  of  Lake  GeSrge,  neaf 
U  place  where  Mo„s.  Montcalm  landed  hi!  troops, 
Ihen  he  captured  Win.  Hiiiry.    Here  we  discovl 

IhhlT  *!r?**'^  **f  °^"*»"  ^*"«'  «n^  "hells, 
Mch  hatton  that  occasion,  been  concealed  by  the 
jench,  and  made  a  mark  to  enable  us  to  find  them 

Chis  was  our  first  visit  to  WiUiam  Henry,  since 

nfof^K -'","' ^"'•?^-  Here  we  hadekjoyel 
rf«5  lift  Pi^'^^'-es.bebnging  to  a  soldier's  fife. 
»ftau  left  the  post  in  April  occupied  hy  k  fine 

f  fr'tJoPP^*'^  7'^^  ^TJ^  t*»^S  t^»ey  could  d.- 
fndhll  ?!?^'*''  *",^  convenient;  we  now 
Urlfti!'^'*^^."'^  **^  ""»»  ^'^^e^d  with  half 
tnt  rafters,  and  fryments  of  exploded  cannon.-. 


j-m 


t 


\     '4 

i 
i 


i-. 


-^ 


46 


fiEiiiiriscENCEs  or 


In  the  pine  ivoods  back  of  the  Fort,  the  graves  of  I 
the  enemy,  distinguished  by  their  rough  head  stones,  f 
and  now  and  then,  a  Catholic  cross  cut  Upon  a| 
board,  at  the  head  of  a  grave,  informed  us  tliat  their] 
conC(uest  was  not  cheaply  purchased.  After  exami 
ininff  the  situation  of  French  Camp,  durinjg  the! 
siegel  and  their  approaches,  we  cleared  away  thel 
snow\ under  one  of  the  mounds  of  the  Fort,  kinl 
died  a  fire,  posted  our  sentinels,  and  passed  a  com{ 
fortablle  night  in  the  ruins. 

Dec.  19.  Continued  our  march  on  the  west  side, 
of  the  Lake,  nine  miles  to  the  head  of  North-wtestl 
Bay., 

Dec.  21.  So   many  of  our  party  became  tiredi 
and  retubied,  as  to  reduce  our  force  to  12$  men,  ofl 
ficers  included.  Marching  tien  milcis  further,  we  en{ 
camped  (dr  the  night.     Here  each  man  was  ordered 
to  leave  oAe  day's  j  rovision. 

Dec.  22.\  March^  ten  ihil^sand  encamped  neai, 
the  great  br^ok,  running  into  lAke  Greorge,  eighJ 
miles  from  t^  French  advanced  guard.  ] 

Dec.  23.    Proceeded  eight  miles—the  next  day] 
six  more,  and  halted  600  yards.from  Carillon.- 
Near  the  mills  wei[-e  discovered  five  Indian  tracks 
which  had  been  madelthe  day  before,  as  we  suppos 
by  a  hunting  party.     On  our  march  this  day,  be 
tween  the  advanced  guard  and  the  Fort,  three  plac 
of  rendezvous  were  appointed,  incase  of  our  beii, 
broken  in  action .    I  informed  theoMcers  and  soldier 
that  I  should  rally  the  party  at  the  nearest  post  to  thi 
Fort,  and  if  broken  there,  retreat  to  the  second,  an^ 
at  thcf  third  make  a  stand  until  night  should  affoi 
an  opportunity  of  retiring  in  safety.     The  roa. 
from  the  Fort  to  the  woods,  was  now  ambushed  bjj 
an  advanced  party  of  80  men,  and  a  rear  guard  < 
16.    At  eleveib  o'clock  a  sergeant  «f  marines  cao- 
from  the  Fortj  up  the  road,  to  my  advanced  partjj 
who  suffered  him  to  pass  to  the  main  body,  which  i 


kA,-/--< •*.._.•»  S, 


«i(i»**i-.p». »(.. •■■~^-iif.(*M-"»  »-.■•-".-■». .,»,.5».*...,;y'i. 


r-^'-' 


■  i'\ 


gi# 


■sj 


■■< 


THE  rRENCH  WlB. 


47 


r  i  \!: nP®  *'*^P°fted  the  garrison  at  "350  refni- 
K  %«1i8eer8  M,d  5  Indians  ;  that  they  hadX- 
t^pm«ions    &c.&c.and  that  twelye  m£o„, 

KK  SXr   „rT/"'^^^  "^  ^^«  entrenchiS 
htfi  anamber  of  soldiers  to  assist  them:  that 

Irown  Point  wa.  garrisoned  by  150  regXrs  and 

h  Indians  ;  that  the  Marcjuis  de  Monte!  m  "as  at 

kontr^al ;  that  500  Ottawawa  Indians  w  SeTed  ?n 

Imada;  that^  600  Rangers  had  lately  b^n  raij 

IX3anada  and  were  commanded  by  an  ei^p^rieS 

fficerwell  acquainted  with  the  country -he   S3 

arPprts  this  winter ;  but  thai  they  expecteS  5 
rge  body  of  Indians  as  soon  as  the  ice  would  bear 
kern,  to  go  down  to  the  English   Ports  ;  and   thai 
II  the  bakerrin  Carillon  were  employed  in  mak W 
Iscuitfor  these  scouts."  '  ""'"Ja«ng 

1  About  noon  a  Prenchman  came  near  us,  on  his  re- 
fm  from  hunting,  when  a  party  was  ordered  tn 
brsuetotheedgeof  the  cleared  grlSnd,  take  him 
>isoner,  at  the  same  time  t6  fir6  a^gun  or  two  aiS 
krcat  to  the  main  body  ;  honing  bv  ?hji  fl'  ? 
k  to  entice  the  .nem?  fro3hVpU^^^^^ 
?    TheC"P"^^**"y'^>  bufno^one  ventSred^ 

fee,dcd  to  attack  Ticonder6ga,Xon  ^  the  ffl 
b  frozen  hard  enough  to  belr  thJrn."        "       '*^* 

Ire  us  battle,  we  went  about  killing  their  cattle  o^ 
\lt  "''*?!? ^^^  ^«'«  destroyed,  aid  Jet  &• 

\^iri^  *  Wi^  «°"«^«d  for  the  ^  of  Sr 

tp^cJ  J'*'j^*^5''^«e  piles  wer.  consumed 
KSi  j?.I*^J"«*^'^™«««°on  "hot  at  tho» 
K»  «M**l*^'  */*"'  ^"*  ^'l  t»»em  no  injury     A? 

rdD^  8??i^  the  prisoners,  reached  Port  Ed- 


{M 


\y 


r  ■' 


i 

I 


► 

»««  iviuj-u,  lye 

lounaat  th« 

•  ,1 

« 

* 

\  ■ 

t--.'^ 

'^'ifr-t-""' ■— ■*■ 


48 


BEMINISCEirCES  OP 


/ 


n.n  tall,  c^c^ei ;  but  S^Ih^^: g^"^^  JX 
water,  we  could  not  destrov  them     o--       . 
from  the  Iai4  Kout,  I  wa.  orS  j       ""^  "2"™ 
Vork,  10  confer  with  TnS  I  ^J^^"™  ">  "ew- 

friendly  recepti.n,i.d  ihT?Si„f?,  i^tC  ' 
«-  ^eerj  of  sS^t^.t^'^  ^"^^ 


*'"*"i  America." 
from*  New  EnILd    '^jf  «"?P?!>>e»;  viz.  four 

/nS^d^ifThttTit  rihririsr  jT" 

fore  by  lEe»  prewnt^  empower  you  to^-tit 
a  number  of  noncommi»io'ned  oCsand^™"'" 
a»  will  complete  the  companies  uDo»,k./ff,'™!^ 

Of  «id  compSie.  Ll  2r.d"vSl',  Z' IZ^^ 


-r^.»*-*««», 


•«^-<M|P^»*^fc^ 


THE  FRENCH  WAR. 


49 


its. the  Frenck 
jreat  foany  can- 
ts were  under 
On  my  return 
own  to  New- 
upon  the  sub- 
fe  gave  me  a 
instructions. 

oudoun,  Lord 
>ne  of  the  six- 
eneral  of  Vir- 
e ;  Colonel  of 
I  in  Chief  of 
ttjof  General, 
his  Majesty's 
h  America.* 

augment  the 
Bs ;  viz.  four 
a  company, 
n  his  Majes* 
ence  in  your 
'ice,  I  there- 
0  raise  such 
ind  privates, 
»e  following 
nsist  of  one 
,  four   Ser- 

ly ;  that  is, 
»  the  line ; 
ndthe  prl- 
y  for  each 
condition 

«nT«IIer.  for 
id  room  ia  Us 


?  I  I  n  u^-  ^«^«?ed  from  the  first  warrants 
Tf  L'.Vi'li  ?«sued  hereafter,  for  the  subsistence 
of  said  companies  The  men  are  to  provide  them- 
^ZZTiJ  ^°°/  blankets,  and  warm*^ clothing,  the 
same  to  be  uniform  m  each  company.     Thev  will 

tir  ^TlTl  °r  '^^^'  ""^'''^  -usfbear  Is^! 
tion.     The  Indians  are  to  be  dressed  in  their  Swn 
costume  ;  and  all  are  subject  to  the  articles  of  wmr 
You  will  despatch  the  officers  appointed  t^  tK 
companies  immediately  upon  the  recruiting  irvi^ 

Tnevernr'  *^  'f''  ^"^  ^r  a  less  tf  rmX,; 
one  yeat,  nor  any  other,  than  able  bodied  men,  ac 
custo^ied  to  the  woods,  good  hunters,  and  every 

to  be  at  fort  Edward,  on  or  before  the  15th  nf 
March  next,  and  are  to  be  mustered  by  the  officer 
commanding  t^  Garrison.  "y  me  omcer 

^'7f!i:"jH*'''  ?y  ^^"^  *t  New  York,  the 
nth  day  of  January  1768.  j 

n^hi.v     M        ,  I^UDOUN. 

By  his  Excellency's  command. 

To  Capt.  Robert  Rogers. 

In  pursuance  of  the  above  instnirtiot4«   ««!«» 
were  despatched  to  the  New  ES™d  c„Tni«®n 

i„i„  Z^   'he  companie.  were  sent  to  LBbisbure  lo 


t 


•I    -M 


.9-' 


.  '■.«■! 


•In4l 


■>--'-W''"-Z''i^'''7''^r' 


*    I. 


ftKMmisecniEs  op 

gers      $'his  was  known  to  ?^:  ^T'  ^'t'»  400  fi^J 

?«W-  Putnam  retuS/„f"'".*'«««'-t«^^  to  the 
Indians  lay  not  far  frorthe  e^I^/''^  "^  **»«*  6oS 
,    March  10,1768.     f  was  „rT^> '^"^'•te's. 

whh  iSo''^  »-ghboirC;'otTlon^'^°^-  "-'- 
r«n^ '"*'"''«  was  at  first  ii™  "'^*''^««'  "ot 
180,  officers  i#cJiNled  V/i  ^J''®"  «"*»  but  with 
i*eut.  ,„d  one  EnsL„  of  the  I?'*  ^'^^  ^»P*«'n.  ^ne 
Messrs  Creed,  Kent^Ld  w  •  ."^  «'  voJunteers  ^z 
geant,  a„d  one  prhntTj'f^''^^^  «^«o  one^': 

JeJI  Crafton  and  Pottinffer     in!?  '  ^^"'e^  Camp. 
McDonald,  and  WhitJ  S^llh  ferprifaS  "JlJ 

m  the  winter  of  1767_V  f '  "!*•'«  w  ffarrisoii  at  P^J*a^  ^'^^- 
•ufficientJyaotobe  ;;1*7«  ?""•">  office™  h'jf^i'l**'"'- 
•'•nmg  Jamentiiig  thr^™.^?';"°»»'«  and  Patriotir^  "'  " 
fcj  her  enormous  dfbV  b^^"*™"  "^their  StJi  '«  "*!  ""^ 
•f  their  trenhV  .->«    v*°««"  comioir  in  «i.5  i     ^'  <'«=««oned 

friend  of  hi.  th„^em!I;H"  ''" '^P"^  P»rh«lf  of  t».  "T?  """-^ 


•^ 


5        }   "C 


;  #. 


TBE    rRBNCU    WAR. 


51 


knowledge  that  I  entered  upon  this  service,  with^ 
^thw  small  detachment  of  brave  men,  with  no  small 
ttoeasiness  of  mind.     We  had  every  reason  to  be- 
Jievethatthe  prisoner  and  deserter  above   named, 
had  informed  the  enemy  of  our     intended  expedi- 
tion,  and  the  force  to  be  employed  ;  yet  my  com- 
mander  knowing  all  this,  sent  us  out  with  180  inen. 
He  probably  had  his  reasons ;  and  can  doubtless  jug.    ' 
tify  his  conduct  ;  but  that  is  no  consolation  to  the 
friends  of  those  brave  men,  who  were  thus  thrown 
in  the  -way  of  an  enemy,  of  three  times  their  num- 
ber, and  of  whom  one  hundred  and  seven  never  -j^' 
returned  to  tell  their  story.    We  first  marched  to         -41" 
the  Half-way  brook,  hi  the  rOad  leading  to  Lake          ' 
^JS^>  and  there  encamped  for  the  night. 

March  1 1 .  Proceeded  as  far  as  the  first  narrows 
of  Lake  George,  and  encamped  that  evening  on  tho 
«ist  shore.    After  dark,  a  party  was  sent  three  mile*  ^ 

down,  to  ascertain  if  the  enemy  were  coming  to- 
wards our  Forts,  who  returned  without  discovering 
them.  We  however  were  upon  our  guard,  and  kept 
parties  walking  upon  the  Lake  all  night,  besides 
^'JJ'^es  at  all  necessary  places,  on  shore. 

March  12.     Left  our  cafltip  at  sunrise,  and  havinir 
made  about  three  miles,  perceived  a  dog  runnini 
across  the  Lake,  and  sent  a  party  to  reconnoitre  the 
Mland,  supposing  the  Indians  were  there  i!h  ambush. 
But  not  finding  any,  it  was  thought  proper  to  take 
to  th^ore,  and  thus  prevent  o\ir  being  discovered 
froin  the  surrounding  hills.     We  halted  at  a  place 
called  Sabbath  day  point,  on  the  west  shore,  and" 
sent  out  parties  to  look  down  the  Lake,  with  iier- 
yective  glassw.     As  soon  as  dark,  we  procci^ed  » v. 
down  the  Lake.     Lieut.   Phillips  with  16  men, 
some  of   whom,  preceded  him  on  skates,  acted  at 
«n  advanced  guard,  while  Ensign  Ross  flanked  u* 
on  the  left,  under  the  west  shore,  near  which  we  kept        ^ 
the  mam  body,  marchiiig  as  c^sely  as  possible,  to 

-^ — ^ 


■'S- 


y 


^ 


..L: 


MMMIta 


"      "'( .A.; 


'■  !■:  '/i;;^'v  >■■=>, 


,A 


4 


4 


■''^■/^ 


'3r^ 


■  J^  -f.^>-  ?^  -^  '^'^ 


]\ 


62. 


KEMINlsceifCES   or 


^   prevent  separation,  the  ni<rl»»  k«-  ' 

fn  this  manher  we  came  wft^^r^^^T^y  ^^k. 
advance,  when  Mr  PhTlH„?  "V'f  *»fth«Pwnchj 
skates  to  desire  me  tohaU  SDon?l^''u^  *  "^»  °» 
ordered  to  ait  down  upon  2Ti^'"'  ^t  ™^"  ^^'^ 
.  ««<«iftercametomeTforl;  '?u  **«••  Philips 
covered  what  he  supno^^^^^^^^^  ^^^J  ^e  had  dis- ' 

but  was  uncertain.     I  senfh J         "*"  *****  ^^^  «hore,  I 
White  to  ascertain  !h:ttt'^ifr^T^^  ^y  ^^'l 
hour,  fully  persuaded  that  a  1 7 '^iT^^ '«  «» 
were  encamped  at  the  place  N??! ^^/^  *'*«  «»e«»y 
was  then  Called  in,  anS  we  m^  r^'^*"'^^*^  ^^^'d 

-teoittSnre^t^^^^^^^^^      Hgage,we 
should  find  one.     On  reacS  h    "^T^™*"'  ^^  we 
supposed  the  firefhaS  bin  ^  *t  j'^-^^^'^  ^^ 
emy  we  concluded  Mr.  Phi  Shad  ^"?'?«  °«  «»" 
patches  of  snow,  or  piecS  of^' »     "^^^^^ken  some 
(wh  ch  in  the  night,  aid?t  a  rli  ."^"  ^^^^  ^^^  fire, 
w:e  therefore  retSned  m  «      ^^^^tanc^b  resembles  it 
niaht  without  firi       *^  ^"''  l^««t«.  and  passed  tlie 
On  the  mqrnilj  of  the  l<ith 

continued  our  march  nn  liT  Accordmffly  we 


;   I 


IJ 


.lAt  _*«'  .A         . 


"♦ .,  ♦ 


1  ^ 


w»^ 


*  -* 


THE    FRENCH   WAR. 


53     ' 


two  miles  west  of  them,  where  we  refreshed  our- 

belres  unti^  three.     Thi^  wa^to  afford  the  day  scout 

[from  the  Fort,  time  to  return  home  before  we  ad 

Ivanced,  as  our  intention  was  to  ambush  some  of  the 

roads  leading  to  the   Port  that  night,   in   oX  to 

trepan  the  enemy  in  the  Inorning.^  Our  detachment 

cZt^R^r^  ^"  two  di,i,i,„,,5th,  one  hSd  by 

Capt  Bulkley,  and  the  other  by  myself.     Ensiens 

te.f  "^  ^^'V^"^  '^°  ^'^^  guard,  the  othe"  ?ffi 
cers  being  nroperly  posted  witS  their  respective  S- 

ZH'  K  ^"  ^"^'"^'  "*  *  «"»'»"  distance,  we  were 

thTrilt^  n"^"''^';^.''V  «*^P  n»ointain  on 
the  right.     Our  mam  body  kept  close  under  the 

mountam,  that  the  advanced  guard  might  better  X 
serve  the  brook,  on  the  ice  of  which,  they  migh^ 
travel,  as  the  snow  was  now  four  feet  deep,  which 
made  the  travelling  very  bad  even  with  snow  rfioes 
In  this  manner,  we  proceeded  a  mile  and  a  hiJf 
when  our  advance  informed  that  the  enemy  were 

iUi?J*  *  "',''.'2'*",  ^^r^  *^'»'  *"«  f«»-ce  consisted  of  - 
ninety  sk,  chiefly  Indians.    Wc  immediately  threw 

down  our  knapsacks  and  prepared  for  batti  "sui^ 

posine  that  the  whole  of  the^^enemy's  force,  were  aE- 

groacW  our  left ,  upon  the  ice  o/the  riVillt    eT 

«gn  McDonald  was  ordered  to  take  command  of 

theadvan^d«iard.  Which  as  ^e  faced  to  th^  left 

became  a  flanSing  party  to  our  right.     Wc  marcj! 

ef  7h^VJ7  ^""'^  ^^  '^'  **"?^'  ^'^'^h  ^'^Sh- 
er  than  the  ground  w©  occupied;  and  Wbservina 

the  ground  gradually  descend  Yrom  the  rlvSerX 
the  loot  of  the  mountain,  we  ettended  our  Hne'  a 
long  th6  bank,  far  enough  to  command  the  who?e 
of  tlie  enemy  ^»t  once.  Waiting  until  their  front 
w«  nearlv  opposite  our  left  win| ;  I  fired  a  gun  ^' 
,a8,«,aUor  a  general  discharg?.  We  gave^^hem 
the  first  fire  which  killed  more*than  fort^r  I^  pS 
^remainder  to  flight,  in  which  one  hilf  of  mv 
«en  pureed,  and  cut  Jown  several  more  of  thS 


SI  ^i  ill  n» 


'»    -. 


M 


RKMINISCENOCf    Of 


With  th^ir  hatchcu  and  cutlasses.     I  now  imagln- 

Jine  of  thp:i  V*^ .?"  ^y^"«  '«"»i"«  «f  them,  Laf 
ZfM?f  ■  ?*  "^^^l!'^,  ^'*'^P«-  He  soon  ascertained 
that  the  party  we  had  routed,  was  only  the  advM- 
ced  guard  of  600  Canadians  and  Indians,  who  w«e 

ffXd  «[  ?h!r        **''''''  .*Ti*  g^**""**'  which  was 
gained  at  the  expense  of  fifty  men  killed.    There 

S  "^r  ^?r  VP  ^Ig**"^  «'der,  and  fought  wUh. 
;^2Li  fi'*"^'^*^'  keeping  up  a  constant  and  welTdU 
rected  fire,  as  caused  tlfe  Aench,  though  seven  to 
one  ,n  number,  to  retreat  a  second  time  "  We  Tow 
ever  being  m  no  condition  to  pursue,  thev  ralllen" 
gam  recovered  their  lost  grou^nd,  and  Sea  fc 
ate  attack  upon  our  front,%hd  wings  J  bittheyTre 
so  warmly  received,  that  their  flanking  parS  ^o^ 

ret?.Tt  *  V**"*'"  'Z^""  confusion,  and  caused  a  third 
retreat.     Our  numbers  were  nowtoo  far  reduced  to 
take  advantage  of  thdr  disorder,  and  S^IylnSL 
they  attacked  us  a  fourth  time.  ^  ^  ^     ' 

Two  hundred  Indians  were  now  discovered  .- 
cendmg  the  mountain  on  the  riffht  to  no,!r/fK 
selves  of  the  rising  ground  Li  foil  .  P°'^?*  ^hem- 
Lieut,  Piailips  wifhTs^l^'^lJ'^-^P^^^^^^^^^  ^ 

post  on  tie  other  pirt  of  the  hUl  ^  «„i  '  ?^f  .*'^''* 
fcrafton  with  15  n£n  to  antTcipatJ  them  fi«^'"V 
ter  I  sent  two  gentlemen*  whorreV'otntee'rwiU: 


^  '  «-^^«j'"m^^^^^^ 


THB  VRBNCa  WAK. 


fti 


a  f(|vr  meyn  to  support  kiin,  which  they   did  with 
[great  bravery. 

I     Tiie  enemy  pressed  us  so  closely  in  front,  that  the 
I  parties  were  sometimes  intermixed,  and  in  general 
Inot  inprethau20  yards  asunder.     A  constant  fire 
continued  for  an  hour  and  a  half,  from  the  com- 
mencement of  the  ittack,  during  which  time  we 
lost  eight  officers  and  100  privates  killed  upon  the' 
spot..   After  doing  all  that  brave  men  cpuld  do,the^ 
I  Rangers  were  compelled  to  break,  each  man  look- 
ing out  for  himself.     I  ran  up  the  hill  followed  by 
20  men  J  towards  Phillips  and  Grafton,  where  we 
[stopped  and  gave  the  Indians  who  were  pursuing  iil 
[great  numbers,  anQt|er  fire  which  killed  several, 
and  woundcdiM||rs.    Lieut.  Phillip  was  at  this 
time,  about  fflHping  for  himself  and  his  party, 
being  surrouHWi^by  300  Indians.     We  came  so 
near,  that  he  spoke  to  me,  and  said  if  the  enemy 
would  give  good  quarters,  he  thought  best  to  sur- 
I  render,  otherwise  he  would  fight  while  he  had  one 
man  left  to  fire  a  gun.^ 
fl  now  retreated,  with  the  remainder  of  my  party, 

th«  oflbr,  but  being  unoMd  to  BBonrshoeB,  unacqaainted  with  tba 
1  wooda,  and  Meing  us  cloaely  beset  by  the  Indians,  painted  in  the 
most  hideous  manner,  and  makiog  the  mountains  ring  with  their 
bemd  yeUs,  hke  gallant  men,  came  back  to  our  assistance.  What 
befel  them  after  our  flight,  may  be  seen  in  a  letter  from  Captain 
Creed  to  the  commandant  of  Fort  Edward,  which  wUl  appear  at 
the  end  of  this  scout  "^ 

•This  unfortunate  officer  and  his  party  after  the  stronffest  a** 
snnnees  of  good  treatment,  by  the  French  and  Indians,  were 
ued  to  trees,  and  hewn  to  pieces  in  the  most  barbarous  and  shoeh. 
mg  manner. 

*Ju  "/"j- "  *•*"  occasion,  that  Rogers  escaped  with  his  party. 
100  feet  to  the  Lake  below.   He  was  at  this  time  dosely  uessed 

tr.  n?*^J°^''..*'"*¥^''*?^  P^^iP^'  «'  •»<»*  otherwise,  he 
has  not  nformed  us  m  his  book,  -riw  plaee  is  now  pointed  ««t 
to  traTeilers  under  the  bum  of  "  Rogers'  slide." 


T"^^^^^, 


i.-- 


■'■>,  *y 


^ 


RBMiNiscEjrcEs  or 


;r, 


in.  the  test  manner    nos«l>?n . 
wounded  and  f^tiguedf^Jetl'^'^r^  ^^^  ^*« 
who  pursuert  our  fetreat     ^Vp  t^"  ^7,  the  savtigg, 
m  the  evening  where  ?ve  wll-K^^'^^  Geoi^ 
wounded  «en%ha^«,;rasS^r'^K^  'i^^  ««^«^«I 
our  sleighs  had  been  left!    IV?^'  ?  *^«  ,P'«<^e  where 
-      /»•*««  was  despatched  to  CoIonP#W  ^  m  ^l^^'  ««  «: 
^anee  tobr(n^  i„  C  Xdid     w'"^' ''°'- ««'«- 
^'ffht  here  without   fire  or  Ki    i.  ^®  P»«««<J  the 
faffen  into  theenemyth^nds'S'*''  '^P  ^»»^'"« 
The  night  was  extremelfcS/,    i?J'^"^P««<^k8. 
men  suffered  much  pa  n  but  ^pI.    '^*'?^   wounded 
consistent  with  theircoidtt  in1hT^>  *  ^.^"»«r 
morning,  ^e  proceeded  up  tLiK  *''*'^"-    '"  ^^ 
Isiand^sw  miJes  north  of  Wiilfo     w^'  '^^  «»  «oop 
John  Stark  coming  to  our^  7u^^?"^7'  ««»  Capt" 

the  Island,  passed  the  niffht  iul*         i  encamped  on 
the  evening  of  the  next  day  iM.rTt^'^'  ^^  <,n  , 
Fm  Edward.  ^'^^^  f^^'oh  16)  arrived  at 

TOVf  w^^^^^  wa. 

coiAs,  we  afterwards  learnP^wJ.  ,*^''®'?the  best  ac- 
them,  and  wounded  as  manv  ««  ''*'^'""^  *«»  of 
died.  I  will  not  pretend  ?i^  "^'®J  """^^  of  whom 
he?n^ tfife result  of  E^Snfo'''^,^hat  would  hav^ 

outnumbers  been  4W  s??on?rL"'^^^'°»' *^ 
but  It  w  due  to  those  brflLvJi/A     ^^  contemplated; 


^■K" 


h       --Jh- 


i; 


THE  rRENCH  WAR. 


57- 


^hiL^hf^'^^A  *"*  '"^'^"*'«'  d«"»g  the  action,  in 

The  Captain  and  Lieutenant  of  the  regular  trooD. 
«5ting  as  volunteers  were  made  prisSs  The 
Ensign  a  sergeant  ind  one  private,  all  volunteer^ 
from  the  same  Regiment,  were  killed.    '^^*""*^" 

CAPT.  ROBERT   ROGERS'  COMIMNr.         V 

^  Ueut.  Moore,  sergeant  Parndl,  and  jJ6  private. 


>.    I 


\      CAPT.  SHEPARd's  company. 

Two  sergeants  and  16  privates  killed. 

•  <?A*T.  JAMES  ROGERS*  COMPAZW^ 

Ensign  McDonald,  killed. 


CAPT.  JOHN  STARK'S  C^OMPANr. 

Two  sergeants  ai^dHprivafes,  killed.  "^  "^ 

CAPT.  BULKLE7'%  (ioMPANr     ' 
mreadinetttocomSlXiS^.^^^^  *  wperior. fore. 


i 


.  ^ 


1-  ♦<  i  «=  ^'  'ij'?  '^^'^ 


V,-*' 


68 


REMIIflSCBIfCBS    Or 


^•i::^ 


.        ,        CAPT.  WM.  STMRK's  COMPAWT. 

Ensign  Ross,  killed. 

t 

CAPT.  BREWER'i  COMPAHT. 

Lieut.  Campbell  killed. 

■     ■         ♦•  .    J    ■ 

•  Soon  after  this  affair,  the  following  letter  was  re- 
ceived by  *he  commandant  at  Port  Edward,  from 
one  of  the  v6lun|eer8  who  had  fdlen  into:the  ene- 
my's hands.  J 

'  .  •■  ■  ^ 

rv*        „  QarUlotiy  March  28,  1768. 

Dear  Sir, 

As  a  flag  of  truce  is  daily  expected  here,  with  an 
answer  to  Mons.  Yaudreuil,  I  embrace  the  first  mo- 
ment  I  have  been,  able  to  write,  to  inform  you  and 

T^"!?£'''J*"''  ^^^'^••^'  «f  the  situation  of  my- 
89Jf  and  Mr.  Kent  whom  you  probably  reckoned 
among  the  slaiji,  m  our  unfortunate  rencontre  of  the 
13>h  concerning  wl^ich,  \  shall  pot  be  particular  at 
present,  only  to  do  justicb  to  those  whafe»,and 
those  who  escaped.  I  assure  you  that  such  disptt- 
sitions  were  made  by  the  enemy,  wha  discovered  us 
long  before,  that  a  party  weak  as  ours,  could  not 

Il?%  fl?^*"*  *  '^*''®*'-  Towards  the  conclusion 
ol  the  affair  wo  were  called  to  retire  to  r  risinff 
g'^wnd  on  our  right,  where  after  scrambling  with 
Uome  difficulty,  being  unaccustom^dto  snovrsfioes,  I 
found  Capt.  Rogers,  and  told  him  that  to  I'etire  fur- 
ther was  impossible,  and  desired  that  our  taenmiffht  i 
be  collected,  and  a  stand  made  where  wethen  were, 
^r.  Rogers  being  of  the  same  opinion,  de«red  me  to 
itoaintain  one  side  of  the  hill,  wbile  he  defended  the 
ojher.  Our  parties  did  not  exceed  12  men  each, 
and  mine  was  shiftmff  towards  the  mountain,  leavinir 

Ta         '/l'*l.n*^^'J?  "y  P*»'''  «^  '«  labour  whH 
th^m  up  the  hill.     Capt.  Rogers  now  came  to  mo, 


i-^.;*- 


^.■r-_\ ^.. 


r  <     ^ 


THt  TRENCH  WAB. 


59 


«■  :::ii 


aII    Ai^""^  "  H«  ^ody  of  Indians  had  a«. 
cended  the  hi  1  on  our  right,  and  that  I  must  ret,^ 
wiHi  Mr.  Kent ;  and  he  would  send  a  serffeant  to 
conduct  m  through  the  mountain.     PruSe  re 
duired  us  to  accent  the  offer,  but  one  of  my  snow 
.Ws  being  untied,    knew  myself  unable  S^march 
.0  fast,  as  was  requisite  to  avoid  becoming  a^acri- 
fice  to  an  enemy    we  c^uld  no  longer  of  pose     i 
herefore  begged  Capt  R.  to  save  Hi^e^  and  lean' 
mftTJ'V/T^  in  the  path,  determiu'eSto  sSS 
mit  to  a  fate,  I  considered  unavoidable      TTnf-*.*. 
.jtely  for  Mr.  K.  hi.  .n w  shVbeSme  iooS  iwch" 
obliged  him  to  remain  with  me.    Every  i^S 

QuiuK^h""  •  '°T-^l'  •"•'  '''■"'  »d"ce/themt 
quit  the  path,  m  which  we  actlallv  saw  Ihein^..! 

proaching,  I  ca»n„t  conceive,  ™l  J  ,h»'cha" JS 

arose,  we  stole  quietly  awav  mnrrh'.J^l:    *"f J"**®" 

jJoj^the  mount'ain,,  f,;i^r„t"/n J,°t'r.;i2 
to  ice.     This  gave  us  reason  to  hone  thai  onrJiS 
,  c»lt.«  were  at  an  end,  little  dreamffih  Jt  we  EL  v« 
enemies  to  combat,  more  cruel  than  the  ava?^  ^"^ 
hadMcai«d.    We  marched  all  nkhlJ^T^.T 
^rnmgof  theUth„w  a,  a  distTcl  Tin  „':  ' 

"»t  day.    Notwithstanding  our  hows  of  Jfr^. 


■'; 


1 


fi 


60 


REuimscENCEs  or 


path  be  said  Ihey  had  taken  to  Fort  Anne.    After 

Iv^^rj^  ??"■**  ^°""  *^^«"g»»  the  snow,  we  were 
1     obliged  to  hal^'and  make  snow  shoes,  as  our  S 

i    ""i^l't  ^-'I'pftV^eirs,  upon  reaching  tj;^^:^' 
Here  we  remained  all  night,  without  blankets 
with  no  coats,  and  but  a  sin|le  test  each,  for  I  had 
,   given  one  of  mine  to  Mr.  K.  who  had  cist  o£F  Ws 

fr"Jl'l?»f V  ??  u'  ^"^^'  "^  '  '^'^  likewise,  my  Z 
cap,  which  had  become  a  mark  to  the  enemyf  and 
occ^ioned  me  a  ^ound  in  tjie  face.  1  had  tW- 
fore  but  ^  single  hai^dler^ief  on  my  headland  our 
fire  was  small,  as  we  had  nb  hatchet  to  cJt  woSd 
Before  morning,  we  contrived  with  forked  sticks 
and  strings  of  leather,  a  ^Ort  of  snow  shoes  to  prfe' 
vent  sinking  entirely.  .€n  the  13th  we  followed 
our  guide  west  all  da^^-  but  he  did  not  fSS 
promise  ;  however  tjid  ndkt  day  he  said  it  was  im! 

success.  Yet  still  we  were  patient,  as  the  cuide 
appeared  well  acquainted  with  the  way,  for  he  ^ave 
every  mpuntam  a  name,  and  shew  several  pfal! 

ed.  The  nature  of  the  ground,  or  the  want  of  suS- 
shine  induced  us  to  >  incline  southward  and  we  s^ 
ice  at  several  miles  distance  through  an  opeZ^Z 
the  woods  on  the  side  of  the  hill.  "Penuig  in 

I  was  now  positive  that  after  marching  two  davi 
west  of  South  Bay,  Lake  George  could  not  *!• 
south  east  of  us,  and  concluded  this  ^b  be  U»e  UPD^J 
e»d  of  the  bay  we  had  left.  For  thirreason, Xkh 
the  assurances  of  the  guide,  I  advised  to  coLtbue 
our  course  west,  which  must  bring  us  to  Fort  aZ 
gsomeplacewithwhichwewere^cq^aint^.    B^^^ 

™Sr:'^^'*  *•  ^  VP«?  ice  at  all  (events,  as  he 
TO  unable  to  con  mue  in  the  snow,  the  difficultia 
of  the  march  having  overcome  him.  As  ow  raow 
Ao-  contmued  breaking,  and  causing  us  toTinT^ 


the 


.  I 


J 


^1 '•  Vl  •-.••,  (*.«« 


"   if^-  ^^-^. 


THB   VRBIfCH  WaE. 


61 


the  middle  every  fifty  paces;  the  scramblinir  up 

mountains  full  of  dangerous  holes  and  chdsms;  the 

inferruptions  of  fallen  timber,  our  nights  without 

sleep  or  covering,  and  but  little  fire  obtained  with 

great  labour ;  pur  sustenance  water,  and  the  bark 

and  berries  of  trees  ;  for  aU  our  provisions  in  the 

first  place,  we^e  a  Bologna  sausage  and  a  little  gin- 

ger  rail  these  circumstance  induced  me  to  yield  to 

Mr.  K's  desire  ;  but  as  the  guide  was  confident  that" 

Fort  Anne  was  near,  we  concluded  to  search  a  little 

longer.     Next  morning  the  guide  informed  us  that 

he  had  discovered  that  fort  Anne  was  near,  and  I  was 

inclined  to  follow  him,  for  I  was  certain  that  the 

best  we^  qould  hope  from  descending  to  the  ice, 

would  be  td^Uirow  ourselves  into  the  arms  of  the 

French.     The  wh^le  day  of  the  Hth  we  marched 

along  a  dreadful  road,  ^tween  the  mountains,  with 

but  one  good  snow  shoe  JBach.     The  'ISth  brought 

us  to  the  ice,  and  the  first  sight  informed  that  we 

had  left  the  very  same  place  five  days  before.  Here 

my  roolution  almost    failed,  me;  whiU?  fatigue, 

-nnli  "^f^i";**  theprospeit  of  perishing  in  *he 

woods,  attended  us,  I  still  had  hopes  and  gave  en. 

,    eouragement  to  the  others  ;  but  now  I  was  in  want 

of  It  myself.     Our  only  alternative  now,  was  to 

throw  ourselves  into  the  hands  of  the  French,  or  to 

perish.     Our  stock  of  food  was  exhausted,  and  we 

were  not  so  fortunate  as  to  see  beast  or  bird  to  shoot 

at.    When  our  though^  had  become  more  collect- 

ed,  we  conceived  hopes  that  by  a^ipearing  before  the 

French  Fort  wUh  a  white  iBagfthe  commander 

would  relieve  and  reti^  us  to  Fort  Edward. 

JiL  Q  ^T  S"*"**"  cqdTmanded  an  extensive  view 

•^p  South  Bay,  and  therefore  «JoncIuded  to  haU 

during  the  evenmg,  and  march  in  the  night,  that 

we  might  approach  the  Fort  in  the  morning.    But 

IV'^  "'?'*  ^^""y""^  ^"^^^  P^e'-ced  us  rike  a  sword, 
and  a  freezing  ram  that  incrust«jd  our  clothes  with 
0   ~ 


v^ 


:*-J 


A 1 


i-w^  "yf*/^' 


"sflWPf 


83 


BKMINISCBNCEl  Or 


revived  our  stlnith      ^r^^^^i^^''  f^errics  which 

advantage  of  ^dafk  ^nowy  dTio'''T'''^  /"^"^ 
illoii,  designing  to  pass  it  in  &  •  JW^''^^^^^'  Car- 
^  LakeCcorg.-Avitl  Slkv  J  ""'^^b  ""*'  ^*^«<=^» 
«uadcd  to  be  ofour  VSn  .^h  '^  «"'^^  ^'''^  P^r- 
rewards  but  in  vainS,?  irdV""'"^  ^^»^«« 
fons  hid  upon  the xLke  hore  We  Jrn"  if  ^1'" 
railes,  but  the  snow  was  -oon  '„«  »     travelled  a  few 

<J'iving  full  in  our  Csi  maZt^errtl  •^"''^'  ^"'' 
as  dark  as  the  foes  unon  /iIr  every  thing  appear 
l«nd.     As  the  stof  m T      \^  ^''"^'  «^  Newfoind- 

came  to  a  large  wateS  ^at^rT^.  ^^  ^""^'  ^'^ 
Btreazr.  above^it,  andt  Uhnf t  S^^^  ^^^^  ^^^ 
shore,  where  the  water  reSd  -  ''^'^'''^^ 

the  rapidity  of  the  «  ream  k'/   ^'^'''^^    ^^^^ 

the  1^11.     M,,.  K    and  'f  ho    ^^    ''^'"^  ^'^'^'^^^^^  over 
but  the  hopes  of    eLiin/"fi      "'"^.  "<^ better; 

laboured  throuah  the  .now  }^-  '^PP'*oa«bed,  we 
tbe  Fort  was  near  but  ou^  .•?  "^'^  *^*^'''°'»  *'««! 
for  the  first  time    that  Li  ^  ;'^^  "°'^  confessed 

iy  perceived  tS'htbr.trs  affe S-  ^'^'T' 
dians  all  lu  ound  him  -mH  Tif   ®T*^*««  >  be  saw  In- 

'earned,that  welnd'pv^i  v"^^  7^  ^"^«  ""cc 
yet  that  was  Td^  ;,7dM"L?  1^' ['°"r^^^«' 
even  shouted  to  give  nmire  «,/  """^  ''^-  ^e 
could  ..cither  s^e'-nor  hear  of  nnT  '"^  ^"''^ '  ^»» 
rifiht      If  ,vp  i.^u    1         f    ^  '^"y  one  to  lead  hr 

th?^.4brf  rrol^e^f ' '""  t^^'^T  P'''^''^  «f  ice    wj 
gcr  4s  ^i^  \rtT  ^'•^^^^"gb  the  dan 
band,  but  h.  trv"t  to  cUch  n7  '^'^-  u'"'"^'-"'^^  «" 
it,byme«.K-ofC^,^:torMr  k'wh?.'  '^"'«  "^ 
-  near  as  to  have'  il  blo!;^;  f„  ttt:^^ 


THE  PRENCH  WAR. 


J 


63 


blinding  him,  and  causing  great  n^in      Thic 
peared  to  be  the  last  ^\sl],flT  S;,,^  ^1 1^\ 

nowno  hopes  of  fire,  and  were  not  SoL' foHife 
but  wished  to  carry  the  srpnA  «„»    •   *'""*  ^^^  "'e  f 

-ming  soldier,"'wl%rce  :>"U^  rrnTHreeV 

and  there  exercised  all  night,  lffi»  ^^^ 

^stand^r  to  prevent  eadi  otlSw^^C  ' 

Qrt\.T:       -  ""^  r^^'"^  immediately^     ih 

Oi^  the  morning  of  the  20th  we  saw  the  Phr»  • 

«nd  approached  it  with  a  white  flag.     The  office  ,' 

ran  violently  towards  us,  and  we  were  saved  frmn 

tVa?  if thlln^-  "°'  ^T'''''^^^  ^-  wTwerT fnform 
ietd  us  fir«f  T''  "^M   "^"i;"  "'^^'^^ft^'-  the™.  ha<l 
of  ^he  Pr«..t  .  ^T^^  "**'  *^''^«  '^e"  i"^  the  power 
^Hf^^fi  l''""  have  prevented  our  being  Lrri- 

t«a?  ir  kiuA  f^  P*:^P^  '^^   "«-^t  ^V  tf  Mon- 
creai,  or  killed  for  not  being  able  to  march      Mn« 

rrefeJbTtot"-'!'-"^^ 

preterable  to  perishing  m  the  woods.  ^    7 

treses     ?hp'n™"«1-^"'**'''  M?"^™""*  »P°"  these  di.i 
iresses.     The  malicious  will   say,  that  we  brought 

them  upon  ourselves  ;  but   let  tVem  noTaSd    gat 

?m«rbe  „^?'''5^.*^r ^  ^«  ^^••e  ""^uccissftU 
ahrZ  «»       r^^'  "'^^  ^^  ^f^"'^  "«t  have  been  led 

dhiate  b^Thi'r-^  '*'".  wilderness,  in  this   frozen 
Climate,  by  the  desire  of  amusement,  or  to  grMifv 

^nnl  ^TT'i:^'  ^«"'  «^«-'  approved  of  our  rea^ 
m;;!!  ^T^  ^"J  defenfthem.  T^e  Jme 
wou^dindncemfe  as  a  volunteer,  to  try  the  chance 
of  war  to-morrow,  if  an  opportunity  should  offe^ 

• 


*: 


r 


^. 


^\ 


■r-j 


-s  K\ 


fe^?lr-t-t.*--i-.. 


>••  . 


^ 


j^a:.>^ii:^;a3^ter^^ 


It 


'J 


64 


■EMiifiicEifCBa  or 


t?o  «11,  Sir,  t.«.;„  "Z^of  „L*?''''  ?"• 

being  rtntlo  Prani^S;,.!.  "'•*"»"«""«  »w  : 
yott3uri„g  the™""'         "^     •"  *'■'"'««'  from 

th^th'^r^ftr&rr  rn,^'^"  -  •«•«  *« 

tfc«  lake,  we  wire  L&i  J"?*  "'  '"">  *"«  ■»«* 

wemugtundouhterfl^T^**  ^."  continued  wcrti 

iud^ment.     "'''*""**  '''^"ght  us  back  again«t  our 

Respectfully, 

JAS.  CRBEDi<         § 

«d  money  t«  recruit  the  Range  "rolAffJi?'""- 
UttTh^:  ^^-^^'oXi^e^f^.'"" 

bark'fo^EogCd''  ^f.fc""'^'"'  .™  "'"'-«  «^ 
'swing  c^S;„  *'  ""•  '"^S  «*el»edthe  W 


SI' 


K 


■<•      "Ht... 


■-■''W^f^tWfRJtSBS'f.M 


■,a<^-^,;-'^.,.-'»,^;-^-^'^-^5|';SJJBH^V 


THE  rRCNCH  WAR. 


as 


nt  tto  opportu. 
th  the  different 
jy  for  the  de- 
iVe  know  you 
receiving  jug* 
inotion  in  the 
will  have  lu 
t  prevent  our 
parated  from 

no  other  ice 
^  overtaking 
ad  first  made 
onfidence  in 
1  the  begin* 
i*ve  misUkn 
upon  scouts. 
3uth  Bayl>n 
tinued  westj 
the  wilder- 
against  our 


SD/ 


0rdi9red  to 
fii(»i^iriUi  a 
anc> 
leave 
ofl 

)mma 
tut  to 
ed  the  foN 


*'  By  his  Excellency  James  Abercrombie,  Esquire, 
Colonel  of  His  Majesty's  44th  Regiment  of  Foot, 
Colonel  inrChief  of  the  60th  Royaf  Americans, 
Major  i^neral  and  Commander  in  Chief  of  all 
His  Majesty's  forces  raised  or  to  be  raised  ia 
North  Americi.  ^ 

Whereas  H  maybeof  great  use  to  His  Majesty'r 
service  in  America,  to  have  a  number  of  men  em- 
ployed in  obtaining  intelligence,  of  the  strength,  sit- 
uation, and  motions  of  the  eneau^|g^  other  servi- 
ces for  which  Rangers  only  atJ||pK3:     Having 
therefore,  the  greatest  confid^pj^l^br  lovaltv 
couragiand  skill,  I  do  ^oreb^^&Myon  Major 
of  thfe  Rangers  in  His  Majesty 'li^gAid  Captain 
ofacompan]^of  thesams.     VoP^^therefore  to 
take  the  said  Rangers  as  Major,  and  said  Company 
as  Captain,  into  your  pare,  and  duly  exercise,  and 
Mistruct,  as  well  the  officers  as  the  soldiers,  who  are 
hereby  commanded  to  obey  yoa^s  Major  and  Cap- 
tain respectively.    And  you  are  to  observe  such  or- 
ders as  from  time,  to  time,  you  shall  receive  from 
His  Majesty,  myself^  or  other  superior  officer,  ac- 
cording to  the  rule|  and  discipline  of  war. 

Given^  New-Yo|fkJll|ft6|i|  daj^  of  April  175$,  in* 
the,  3lst  year  of  ou#  Sovereign  Lore!  George  H. 
King  of  Great  Britain,  Prance  and  Ireland;  De- 
fender  of  the  faith,  &c. 

R    u.  r.     ..        ,    ^^^^  ABERCROMBHS. 
By  his  Excellency's  command. 

_,    _         ^  J.  Apft.  . 

To  Capt.  Robert  Rogers. 

April  1«.  Reported  myself  to  Lord  HoWe  at  AK 
Mny,  andliad  a  long  conversation,  with  him  upoa 
•he  different  modes  of  distresiiiig  the  enemy,  ud 
prosecuting  the  war  with  vigour,  the  ensuing  cam- 


t 


K 


|^*^^4%*i.i^iil^vj.a4feil^ 


I 


"uiy^ 


cr«i' 


96 


''HE    FRBHCH    WAM. 


r 


J 


P"«;-     Capt.  Stark  w^'Sa^Jh^^^^  that 

onllie  west  side  pf  Lake Sn  *«  ^iconderogo, 

.  Shepard  between  ihrLakes  wfth^'r^'  and  Captain 
«ome  prisoners  from  CarHJoi  Alt'"'"""'  *^  *«^« 
marched  with  18  men  for  P.^    At  t^e  same  time,  I 

bank  was  also  detaXdi^^^u^^y^"'-  ^^^''  «"- 

,  «couts  were  kept  constami?  o.    ?^  P"»«"ers.    These 

ties  of  the  enemy  and  tn  r^        *»  d«coverany  par- 

'"a'^Jo  ^-™&^^  ^''^  -^-n. 

-arHp  the  tdlhatTel'.  'f  T"'  ^^^  ^ort  Ed. 
«»Ies,  a.&  encamped  a  Scho*'*  ?^'''5"»-  Henry,  4 
being  rainy.         ^  "*  *'  ^^'^"^n  Creek,  the  weatVer 

^     b,4';uth'Ba/-^«^^«J  north  east,  and  encam,«d 

So&ly.  ^"^^"-i^^  near  the  narrow,  north  of 

eaKo«r'!:;t^^f^rortf  *'^^?^«'  -^  - 

May  3.     Steered  now  I,       ,  *'*®  «*«*  «^de. 
from  Carillon"*  ""'^'^  ^^  ^"'^amped  three  mile. 

edtm^ilt  frlt:t"?S,r  '^'^  ^^'  ""^  — P' 
^^May5.Kii,edaFreachm^a„.„dtookth^pH. 

year8inCdnada,viz  twoa  o  K*  '^^^  ^«n  «ght 
al,  and  five  at  C;o^  &  .tht^"/  ?^\'^  ^Pntf e- 
were  200  soldiers,^  S  Afi.l'''  ^Y  »"««•  Plac 
Commander  :  that  »  ?:."'^n  .Monsieur  le  JonaniTwai 


9 


•'  - '-..■,..i. 


turn  FRBIVCH  wxm. 


0  ■ 


«7 


that  they  did  not  intend  to  attaric  nnr  P    »    .^. 
summer,  b«t  were  preparing  to  SveL  at  T-  '*"' 
deroga  ;  that  they  had  hea?dtI.!fR!.  ?'*'**"' 

of  his  partv  were  killp/l  Jn^i     "^'^i.^ogers  and  most 
bat  by  soie  prkonS^^^^^^^^  ^^^<^^  ' 

Hoosick,  theV  were  inform.y.i   f  «"*'*"'  ^*  ^"^ch 
«live,andhad^sworn  toreven^^^^^      ^u^T  ^''^  ?«» 

8th.     The  W  brouitTn    ''''^  ^"'"'""^^  «"  ^^e 

whomherecaSaredSefrT"";;^"'^^^      ^«"»-  »f 

iog  escaped  froC  N^rYoTraSf  aT  '*  '^''^  ^'''■ 

their  flight  to  the  PreT.ch  Port"      The"&r''"  ^ 

had  but  one  white  man  Luuu-       ^  ,   !""«•*'  who 

truce  wa«  sent  to  Ticonderoffa  on  Col  S^lLf  i  "i^  ""^ 
count,  which  put  a  ston  to^l  Tfft  '  ^^'^"y'er'g  ac- 
its  return.       ^  ^      *"  offensive  scouts  until 

an?me''of  the' RlUraXf  ''  ^^*''«  '^^-^' 
panies  on  furlough  foioinfh.^^'"^^  ^'^^'^  ^^O"- 
and  that  every  laiL^"     *^''  ^^spectire  corps  ; 

at  his  post'SrX  mto^Jur  X^'^"'{^ 
were  obeyed,  and  Darti^k!n»\?f'  .^"".'^  ®^^er8 
June,  when  Cd 'flowe  irHv.T  T^'  the  8th  ^^ 
withonehalf  of  thfZy"'"^"'^  ''  ^°'''  ^^^-rd 

men;VnYmy"£h!rbo^^^^^^^^  ™« '*>  ^««> 

•0..  w„,M0tin,luk„  „•„  .b.g.U.fTi,o«|.ro,a.        . 


;^ilL-.*:^_ 


M 


REMINISCENCES  Ot 


from  the  Lamhng  place,  to  the  Fort ;  also  of  Lake 
Champlam,  for  S  miles  beyond  it,  and  discover  ?he 
enemy's  force  i,^  that  quarter.  With  ?herorcfers  I 
marched  my  partv  on  the  morning  of  Sie  12  h  aid 
at  mght  encamped  upon  tlie  scite%f  Port  miliTm 

K^i""®*  ^?L  f '•oceeded  down  the  Lake  in  five  whale 
boMs,  to  the  first  narrows,  and  to  the  west  e^d  of 
the  Lake  where  I  took  the  plan  required. 
Port  rl?/  "^  T"  P'-^^^eeding  to  reconnoitre  the 
*ort,  discovered  an  extensivi  encampment  and  « 
H^  number  of  Indians.     While  I  wrengUdat 

tt^TJ'°"'.'^y  °^«"'  ^it»»  two  or  thrJ  Sther. 
takmg  af  plan  of  the  Port  and    camo   the  ILmJnL 
were  attacked  by  a  superior  num^er^o/^L^nemv 
who^ad-  come  between  us.    C^pt.  Jacob  wUh  hj 
Mohegan  Indians,  ran  off  at  the  first  on«.t  ^,  l• 
to  our  people  to  do  the  same:  but  thersfoodtte 
ground,  discharged  their  pieces  sevS    iiSes^d 
at    ast,  broke  through,  the  enemy,  by  whoT'tSev 
had  been  surrounded  on  all  sides,  exipt^S  ^ 
wh  ch  was  covered  by  a  river.     They  k  lied  tM^ 
of  the  enemy,  but  lost  eight  of  th.ir  own  nttv^ 
uJhT^'    Mv  party  Rallied  at  theToatSwL  e 

join   t,ord  Howe  next  day,  with  all  tho  p-«-I 
reTalr  *^  '''  "^•»'  aod^T?^^  '^^.^^^i 

wh^?e'FW W  "  H  ^""^^^P  •»«*»P«d  «t  the  Lake, 
fen  aa^anced  400  yards,  and  encamped  on  the  weH 


fr  -^  " 


"vT  « 


-  •^^''wi^ypiwwiiiiwii^ 


^^^<if4^'^',jj 


^*  ■■v.™--^^-^' 


THE   nWMCa  ITA*. 


Si 


«dc.    From  this  position,   three  jmall  partiet  of 

i^   *i?.^\*'"^.'^**"§  ^'^^  ^«8t  side  of  LakeGeoree 
and  a  third  to  TiconHeroga ;  all  proceeding  by  3* 

^vfn^L^''^  '""^^''%  ^^  two  LieutelantVand 
wveyteen  nifen,  proceeded  doxvn  the  Lake  in  fiv. 

whale  boats  on  tke  look  out,  and  %vere  all  taken  nrJ 
oners  by  200  French  and  IndiE  t'^kenprK- 

I  «tT^?K  *?''"**■**   Abercrqml^ie  arrived  at  th* 
Lake  with  the  remainder  of  tlTe  troops  ;  and  on 

ly  J6000  men,  embarked  in  batteaux  foi-  ticonde  J- 

tre^,mdLnJn^'*^V^^;^'**T  «""l"«d  »»»e  cen- 
tre, and  the  provincials  formed  the  win^s.     For  thn 

iSnT  ««"*''^'  '^t  ^'?^'  ''^"W  flanlTei  the  right 
Stumen^^'"  '^"  *'^  of  CoifBradstreet's  Z' 

/     In  this  order  the  army  advanced  until  dark  down 
t^refr^h'^s  t  ^''^^r^'^^y  Point,^ILen  U  haH 

ved  onward  T  A  «''"'^  (**  "'«*»')  *»»«  t'-Oop*  mo- 
ved  onward,  Lord  Howe  proceeding  in  front  with 
his  whale  boat,  accompanied  by  Colonel  Bradstrect 

"rlrtSt  r"°'""^"  other  b^isToir^^ 
ZT.A^^^  **®*^°.^,*  ""'  *«  observe  the  Landinff 
P^aci  and  ascertain  if  the  enemy  were  posted  tS 

my  nt'iT/Rf"™'^"'  ^^^'^^^  animfet  tK: 
my  near  the  Blue  mountains,  four  milek  from  th. 

my  were  posted  which  he  discoverfd  bV  their  fiSi 
At  day  light,  his  Lordship,  Col.   BradstrSt    !nd 
yiy-elf,  proceeded  within  a  quarter  of  .S  of  the 
Undmg  place,  and  perceived  a  small  dTt.ch™^^?^' 
Lorlh?^":^  *"  possession  of  it.     Whereupon  S. 


/ 


10 


KEMIWISOEIfCES  Or 


/ 


Abercroml>ie,  to  ffain   thp  <8nrt»n™u     c* 

which  borl  north  ane  m  LLTtt  I  ^  ."^^"nfaii?. 

thence  to  Jroceed  p-»  J /«  Vi       •      "*'  fandin*  place, 

fulls  betwel  T}^  SdU,      r^''  ^  ''"'»  «»^«"  the 
'and  totnkr,.  •    ^''"f  P''^^^''  an  J  the  sawmill 

«"a  lo  takft  possession   of  .1  rieln.  ».      «  -»wmiii, 

with  I5dOmrn  is  mJ^  ^"^  Montcalm,  w^s  posted 
o'clock  rSir^  scouts  ascertained.  At  twelve 
«  ciocK,  UoJonels  Lyman  and  Fitch  nf  »k«   ^      . 

c^als,  took  post  in  my  rear     Whilp  I  f   ^  ?'"'*''.*"• 
them  of  the  enemv^s  no?;?;;         i     ^  ^.^'  informing 
ced  in  the  rear  "f^£?m«n>"'  '"'^"''^  ^'^  ^o™'?^"- 
ntelv  formed  Jiffront'n.rf^-'^?*'  whoimmedi- 
the  left  flank    wh^ch  T  T!  ^T^'}  "^^  *«  ^a"  "PO" 
bank  with  150  men  to  -remain  ^^h''^  Capt.^diir- 
we  were  then  DostP,?  L  I      .  .  ^\^^^  plac6  where 
French  at  tSe^sawmir  ""rf'  *''"  '"^'T'  ^^  t^ie    , 
force,  fell  „pon  the  e^emv's  Mt  ^^  •'"^"''   ""^  '"J^ 
their  ricrht^  and  kiMoT^     'P^,  the  river  covering 
.        ;'e."ij   ana  Kiiiea  many  of  thfm      rt,r  «u- 
time.  Lord  HowpwJM,  «  ^„*    1         ^"em.     By  this 

•ral  coMtern  alJoo.  ■«'«'e".  "nd  bia  fall  produced  a  g«a. 


?»'">"»■ 


'*^,:«»'.'«9r!»i«|s.?<^iK 


",■"1*- 


1 '  ^   '^^ 


^^•.'' 


;,  .    "THE   rRENCH  WAR.'  ,j 

July  7.  ^f  six  o'clock,  I  was  orderecUn  ♦?,««• 
er  running  into  the  falls,  wJiere'l  l,aa  hM.  .J'"" 
ed  the  day  before,  there  toTfh  Ik  '***'°"- 
with450U,  while  cLs^;^^^^  witL  ti:r  "^^' 
<ler  of  tl^e^Rangers,  pro^ceeSed^U  cI  tain'^"" 
c/»ombie,  ahd  Mr  Clprk  n.«  ^„  •  captain  Aber- 

the  PmTi,l;,.®"8*"^<^''' to  reconnoitre 

pard  ,vl,iol,  wlien  S.i.hi„  aSb  Ikrdrflr"'' 

French,     rinimediate  y  formed  a  frnnf  Jo     ^  'V 
them,  and  they  maintai^ned  tS  gro^md  dnti  tS^f 
cmy  retreated.     Soon   after  thi^the  Rn   1 

right.     This  fire  of  thp  enemy  did  not  kill   one  nf 
our  men.     Soon  after,  two  provincial  Cimentf 
formed  m  my  rear,  at  200  yids  distance  ^Wh?: 
the  army  was  thus  formino-  „  scatfPr  nt*  «         ^"^ 
kept  up  between  ou.  %ing  ?krti  ra^l  of^ 
enemy,  without  the  breast  work.     At  half  mJ it 
the  greater  part   of  the  army  being   draw*^  Li    ' 
sharp  fire  commenced  on  the  left  wfncr:  wh.     "*^' . 
DeLancey's  New  York  men  andZ^Bi^  „!„  ' 
were  posted.     Upon  this,  I  was  ordered    ?;™^ 
tha  enemy   witilin   thei;  w^ks,  and  tin  toTf. 

?rnn'u''Tr  P'^J"*-'*^^"^^  grena^liers  m  gS  march 
through.     The  enemy  soon    miHd  withinTj.  • 

r7^!^""^V^^''J°^  P^WwvithC^^^ 

cd  withm  a  few  yards  of  the  worJis  Jhl«  f      **' 

fortunately  fell.  ^  The   en.m/kl^^nf  ^^J^  X" 

'&aidiLr*t^^^^ 

them,  followed  VihrbatL^^^^^^^ 

•AftiDrwardB  Governot  of  Canada. 


^> 


X)l 


M 


'  :^\  '*^-'-- ■'■"-''■i'g-'^ 


^tx^ 


't.-V^.,  ^ 


7f 


/»  ■-- t   ,     V* 


Xolonel  ac 
was  eight 
MohAwks  al^ 


ciftKifiifiscERCBi  or 

Inced  very  near  tKe  brcj 
ttthigh>     Some  of  the  P 
"^.Caine  up  * 


^oiledi^ith  repeitel  atti 


fX  the  j^n- 
Gener^l' 
to  bring 

iC  e) 


eel 

|iour, 


H 


^ 


^^^ 


b«ng  greatly*  enabarri. 

•my  without  4heir  bn 

Iprdered  a  retrfe|t^  and  u« 

op  the  rear,  ^1^  they 

ninj;.  *^y  ■;,■■     .      ■  - 

ninth  afe  |brk  we  Mcllcl 

of  LaHe  George,  wherSt Warmi 

ortterpit  to  intrench  themiekes.      The 

Sfr'  **"  f^^  Edward  and  Albany, 

Jttjars  and  ProvinciaI?J-was  consii 

^enemy  lost  600  killed,|^  n,ai.;we?e 

-^  on  thl?;ia:;Ki:^i^ 

tW  enemy  on  the  east  Je.     m^^^Zrul^n 
^'H  m  the  ceptr*.  ordered  tU  troops  to  adrant 

•cc-p7ibgthe  S-JaithS.  SZZ&JJ'''  '""«!?"?  '^ 
worki  «f  TiconderoM.  did  not  «^^^fc  *??  cowmaiided  th, 
«»t  the  attempt  to  y.n,S>rt  cSf  i^^''^''^  •/•  of  How.. 

Mioilom  aid,  cond  accomoK.I.AK^",?.*'""*  *'»'*•'■  "•»- 

.  troop.,  waived  an  oppOHnniTofidicSK'''  ,"*"  *•'"  »^  »»» 
•en.  Burgoyne  afto/^rd».?t,rf  !****•  ?'*'=•  "'»'»««  '<»". 
P»rt.  nltook  posaM^f^f  *f  It^  '  """•  ?""*•»»  and  military 
Witt  the  g«atL'^^rr'^n^  A.r^^  "P  »>»  caniJS 

kk..aadfromthe««St  .he   "l.&^     »|?«*  large  bra«  t«s    \ 
«f«..  o^  the  morning  o7i;u^ThT7?rVt*"'"^^^ 
«<.on  Of  the  po,t.  and  the  diJaatS™  II'    S  JIT?*»»«  •^•ci»- 
.•oDM^vffncM.  •"  wuf  rttiMt  of  St.  Clair,  won  t))« 


I,  hyanac-- 
-di.  Baviland 


/.. 


iu   J        •vt^ib.b' 


lcd»v  tiie  j^n- 
GenerK) 
'gewto  bring 

arm^i«ce, 

el*es.  The 
and  Albany, 
was  consid' 
i  many  were 

Jay,  and  re- 
Ihousand  of 
f^  fell  upon 


Cdl.  Hi 


»•' 


Haviland 


I  b«en  Mtimf 
impdrtaDQB  of 
>iaiiuui4ed  the 
eje  of  How«. 
■it,  (800  feet) 
r  chort  of  mi. 
erefbre,  eoafi- 
I  valor  of  hia 
>  witlitfQt  loaa. 
and  militarj 
up  hia  cannon 
go  braaa  tao>    < 
niahedAmar> 
ediatfl  •▼acn- 


THE  rBBRffB  WAM. 


IS 


Col.  Nichols'  Raiment  on  the  17th  at  Half-way 

^    Julv  27     Anl'^'""  captains  an^  twerilv  me?^ 

July  21.    Another  party  of  the  ^neuiy  fell  upon 

f  a  convoy  of  waggoners  between  Fort  Edward  Sd 

iWf.way  brook,*  and  killed  U6  men  16  of  wh^,^ 
,j*  were  Kang6rs.  "uvim 

l\  !  fit«»Pted  to  intercept  this  party  with  700  men* 
J  but  they  escaped.     On  my  return,  an  exprLiSj 

mewith  orders  to  march  to  South  and  EKa^! 

jmd  return  by  Port  Edward.    In  the  execution  ^of 

Sh1?'A^']:L""A^"«  '"'^'"^^^  happened  un?l  the 
•W  5  A^^'  P?  «»r  return  earfy  in  the  morn- 
ing we  decamped  from  the  place  where  Fort  Anne 
stood,  and  began  our  marcJi,  Major  Putnam  with 
a  party  of  Provincials  marchiig  ii  front,  m^W 
fer.  in  the  rear,  andCapt.  Dalylll  with  th;?^^^^ 
inthe  centre,  our  whole  force  consisting  of  630, 
exclusive  of  officers,  (a  number  having  returned  the 

ml  ^"'Kk'^^"  '^'''^'^J  three^ourths  of  r^ 
mile,600pf  the  enemy  attacked  us  in  front.  Our 
men  were  immediately  broijght  into  line,  Capi.  Dal- 
yell  commanding  the  centre,  with  the  l^kfben  and 
Lght  infantry  on  the  right,  and  Capt.  offi^  ^hh 
his  Boston  troops  on  tie  left.     Mijbr  PutniSf  b^ 

Z^inJiTj^^""  ^¥'  fi'-e*<^g«n>  the  enemy  ruK 
m,  took  him,  one  Lieutenant  and  two  meh  prison- 
cm,  thiew  the  whole  into  cofusi  on  and  put  them 

l1Si»  T*'*'  P«'"'»««jf^rJy'.Lleutv  Durkee^who  not- 
withstanding  a  wound  in  his  thigh,  and  ine  i„hL 
jmst,  bravely  maintained  bis  ground,  and  encou*. 
aged  hi^  men  throughout  the  action. 

M^iToSniSl''.V'" '••"«''»•''•  ^  b'ook  i..on..ti«...«.^ 
«».    *»w»w«»tMat,  the  anemycanladliii^away  with  thtnC^ 


v,_. 


' 

■  *■ 

0 

> 

? 

0 

. 

-■ 

, 

0 

* 

-^-m,         . 

• 

'  "^ 

1 

« 

<4 

# 

-■■:- 

(3 

■ 

•. 

1 

t 

* 

-«.» 

•      ■ 

" 

. 

•     *• 

:^   ^'*^   ' 

• 

•  •J  ' 

•  , ,  ft ,' 

iJ^iU. 


74 


RimmscENCEs  op 


great  gallantry:  They  000^?^'  ^'^^""^^  ""''^ 
at  first,  the  fir^  was  Ss^sZ  ^u^  T^'""'  ^^^^'•^ 
t^  the  right,  wh^re  trtnlT'^  '  '^  f  ^"vards  fell 

attacks u|on  Zl^^irTlTm'  ^"'^  i^^*^^»' 
throughout  the  Sa!wn»  ti  ®'^"''°^«°'<J»er» 

in  one^hourVUmr^e  r^^^^^  ««  w«"'  that 

Thi.  they  effected  '^theSn^fS  ""^  ''"V^^'^^^^- 
scattering  parties,  aTaffordp^  '  ^  '"  '"*'**  '^"^^ 
harrass  tLS,  in  thejurtu.^  ^^ 

buried  our  dead.  We  mis«.,i  «f!  T  *^'^  ^^'^  *"«* 
ty  one  of  whom,  came  rrfterwa^J^^'T  "''"'  *^^"- 
tedfrom  us  in  he  action  T^' ^^'"^  ^P"'"'^- 
killed,  several  of  whom  were  In.lfr^^l*'"*  *^^ 
met  at  some  distance  lorn  Pnl^iV'*  7^  ^«^« 
men  with  refreshments  senTufbvC^fTf'  ^Y  ^^ 
arrived  there  on  the  9th^^>t^  ^^'^''^os*.  and 

»n>P  at  Lake  George  '  "»<•  B^O'wded  to  the 

fAfLe!^riKriato'sjir 

quarters,  emnloved  in  »^o^:^^   rcurea  toiprmter 

not  every  when,  „„s«ocelfu..  'c.  "b'SuS  S 

^  •Aft6rwaid«OoYerno»ofC.nada. 


^:. 


\ 
V\ 


'^ 


__^-    Jir. 


Infantry,  and 
behaved  with 
centre,  where 
fterwards  fell 
bifr  different 
's  and  soldiers 
so  welJ,  that 
nd  retreated, 
n  such  small 
•portunity  to 
the  field  and 
•  men,  twen- 
eing  separa- 
ny  lost    199 
W'e  were 
ard,  by  300 
'rovost,  and 

ked  asfirig- 
>rdered  nae 
of  Indians, 
^"  the  east 
off  their  re- 
eturned  to 
ded  to   the 

'  ^^  ^^ 
to  printer 

»ns  to  the 

frying  par- 

our  cam- 
rms  were 
treet  with 


THE  FRENCH  WAR. 


76 


\ 


'^ 


^LTx    i?"'f^  f  "'^  Frontenac  at   Cataraia.* 
General  Amherst  who  commanded  at  Cape  fi/eton 
having  succeeded  m  capturing  the  stroni  and  im- 
portant  fortress  of  Louisbu?g,   now  ass*umed  the   ' 
chief  command  of  His  Majesty's  forces  in  place  of 

iNew  If  ork.     We  had  now  new  commanders  to  obev 
and  a  new  apprenticeship  to  serve  ^' 

From  Albany  ^here  \  was  settling  accounts  with 
the  paymaster,  I  despatched  the  following  letter  to 
ffiiEtelTy!'^"''   ^«P"^y  Adjutant  (£neral  to 


Sir, 


.     /        'Albany,  Jan.  28,  1759. 

1  liercwith  sendyou  a  return  of  the  present  con- 
dition  of  His  Majesty's  Rangers  at  Fort  Edward, 
with  a  list  of  officers  now  recruiting  in  different 
parts  of  New  England,  who  report  already  400 
men  enlisted,  which  are  nOw  wanted  to  protect  our 
convoys  between  Albany  and  Fort  Edward. 

In  order  to  urge  the  recruiting  service,  I  would 
propose  to  visit  New  England,  and  wait  upon  the 
Wral  at  Ne^  York,  on  my  way,  to  represent  the 
necessity  of  augmenting  the  Rangers,  aid  the  de- 
sire  of  the  Stockbridge  Indians  to  re-enter  the  ser- 
vice.  The  Rangers'  arms  are  in  the  hands  of  Mr. 
Cunningham  at  New  York  and  are  very  much  needed 

„JI**'fi.'""  '^*''  **J"V'  ^**=®'''  *"•>  '■•"^  «t«ne  bastions,  and 
nearly  three  quarters  of  a  mile  in  circumference.  Its  SitlSn 
was  very  peasant,  the  banks  of  the  river  presenting  on  al  sideT 
an  agreeable  landscape,  with  a  fair  view  of  Lake  Onta  o  diL' 
The  Port  !f^"'*  mterspersed  with  many  beautiful  woody  islands. 
The  Fort  was  erected  to  prevent  the  Indians  trading  with   the 

KoyeA      *•'"""'  '  P'*"  "*■  ^^''^  *"^«-    ''  '^  Sow  t^talj; 


i^ 


-^ 


mm 


t 


♦< 

.„.:>,-, 


w 


-^r , ; . 


7< 


AKiiiNiscEnoKs  or 

fh  . : . 

Wilhyoii  be  good  enough  to  h.Te 
^  RMpectfuIJy, 

Your  obed't  servant.  " 
>v  H-  ROGERS. 


THE  AlfSWER. 


^e6.  6, 176». 


(i^^/" 


% 


^# 


% 


w.«r  recruit,  to  Fort^dward,  bTan  advIiiiKr"? 
m  the  newspapers,  which  w«,  a^       «»vertHpient 

**eir  ntmes  or  places  of  dntv     ff    """'  *"""■■ 
">y  "JKOutiiifc  oartiPs  ^A«T    k^  expect  the  ene- 


^ 


gJ  would  g,™?r„T«„*Lf?»''»'  "»e. 


♦K-  is       /  Y       """"  a»  possible. 
tl»<S.„^wou.dgrJ^yoS^^ 


^O "*  ^  M»*»    ***H'fl|mfftt 


'  propdied  to 
new  corps  of  Ran, 


»^     4, 


^olonel,  *„  ad<Mtion  o/two 
^onghe^ime  footing  as  those 


r 


,\ 


^' 


^. 


•.'ir 


THE  rRENOH  WAR. 


77 


m 


already  in  lervice  ;  and  that  three  Indian  companies 
should  be  raised  for  the  next  campaign.  .  In  order 
to  secure  Uiem,  before  they  went  out  upon  huntinir 
parties,  I  wrote  to  three  of  their  chiefs,  one  of  whom 
m^^  °^  ****  Mohegans,  in  substance  as 

Brother  Uncas, 
As  it  is  for  the  advantaj^e  of  King  George,  to 
^  »»«;«  a 'a"^ge  body  of  Rangers  for  the  nlxt  campaign 
and  being  well  convinced  of  your  attachment,  I 
wish  m  pursuance  of  Gen.  Amherst's  drders,  to  en- 
gge  your  assistance  here  ear%  in  the  spring. 
Should  you  choose  to  come  out  as  Cap^in,  you 
%ll  have  a  commission  ;  if  not  I  shall  expect  io- 
qme  and  J\runmpad.  You  shall  choose  the  Ensiirn 
and  Sergeants.     The  company  should  consist  of  fif- 

/J^^  °''.„™°^*'-  ^f  '^e  deserters  from  Brewer's 
Uorps*  will  join  you,  the  Gen.  will  pardon  them, 
idf^u  may  emplojr  II  clerk  who  shall  be  allowed  the 
B"  if^^l  '  ^.  y**"  success  in  raising  the  men, 
Ishall  be  glad  to  be  joined  by  you,  as  soon  as 

Your  humble  servant,    • 
R.  ROGERS. 


i^t 


With  le»ipio  Indians,  a  belt  of  wampum  must 
h^ttfJL  ^!5?'J''/^^?  '*»*  *«''«'  »»d  delivers 
are  dirMte*d  '**       ***'^®"  ***  '^''**"*  '**®y 

Towards  tke  last  of  Pebniary,  Sir  Wm.  John- 
son  sent  Capt.  Lottridge  (Indian)  with  fifty  Mo- 
hawks,  to  lom  mem  a  scout  to  Ticonderoga. 

ordlr*^      *^**-.  ^^^^^  from  Col.  ifaldiman, 
orders  to  reconnoitre  the  enemy's  Ports,  and  march- 


^  > 


f^, 


'^"Ik^ 


pt~TLT 


78 


REMINISCENCES  OP 


f'''  ' 


ned.^  On  the  4  StrrctKl'^'^^^  '«*-' 
of  Lake  George,  and  halted  T,n»:  ""'^  ""^  »  ^^^'^ 
might  pass  th?  imrundlcovlrT"^'  '^^'  ^« 
he  on  the  hill.  We  then  ronr  7*'  '^''"y  »»»0"'d 
two  o'clock  in  tl^  .!.«     •    ^'""f'*  «"'•  March  until 

narro  Jrwl  encrsr/rK'  ""^  '**'^^^  «*  *»»«  «" 
bitten,  Were  sent  bacMn  l^r'  Pr^""'-^  '^"'"«  ^'^'^ 
geant  to  Port  Eclward  ^^  °^  *  '''''•^^"*  «««'- 

the  cold.    At  two  o'clSrt  L  .""  J^'wme  with 

reacted  the  .a„I„°  t£   SfA  "Xf^^""" 
scout  nrn»  sent  out  ind  p* nnwJ§".i   . .         "'™  " 

partie,  were  to  bl  «e„T  L'elt  ,rbr""« 
on  the  west.     I   indm,!  .i;  .    .'.'"''  ""'"one 

Engineer  to  malice  T,'x  "  ?"'"''''' '"»«  f'^  'h" 
Capt.  Wlllilrin  com,^^d""5'T  =  ""<•  '«"in. 
iMrty  Rangers,  proceeTd  „1tMhe' E^f "'""  ?»3 
t V  nine  Ran'rers  Cxnt    1  «*♦  •  i  ^^-ngmeer,  for- 

where  hemade  hLobs^.va^bt  "  W^tf  '  ^'^*^*'«^*» 
to  our  party,  leaving  firJll  r        *^« /hen  returned 

to  obseJve  wimt  Tders  c  Sd  til"  I  T  r^"^^''' 
east  side,  in  the  evenU^^' tC7i^lZ\^^^  ^^"^  *''^ 
attack  them  next  morning      it  fi^^^^^^^  *« 

-went  again  to  the  intrencinenls  wUh  T^  ."^^^^^ 
and  a  guard  of  10  men  h™^'  ^»th  Lieut.  Tute 
withoift  i«oIestationaviJ?.%'^„1rd^,  ?S«'dnight, 
his  satisfaction.  vZn!hUif^'\^^''^'''^'^^'> 
Jiams  and  the  Reg2rs  back  to  °S  hT?».  ^/^'-  ^''^^ 
they  being  so  distfessed  whh  ?he  cold'^"'^?^.^^'^"*' 
no   snow  shoes    it  a^tlo       i  •  ,^'  '^"^^  having 

them  any  faSr      Et   T  .""P^^P'   *«  '""'"'^h 

.hreeLLteLttrdTrV'SgLr^^^^^^ 


I    :'■{ 


^ 


F      f  la'^ 


■-rvY"  m  -^  r 


THE   rRBNCH   WAS. 


79 


andCapt.  Lottridge&Iridians,  to  attack  tlie  workinc 
parties  w^ien  they  crossed  the  Lake  early  in  tUe  h»or- 

?n  7f  'T'*'^.  ^°"H^  ^''y  «'g''t  miles  south  of 
tho'^ort,*  and  at  s  x  o'/lock  bore  down  opp5iite  to 
It  within  half  a  mde  of  the  French  parties  employ- 

two.Rangers  soon  brought  intelligence,  that  they 
were  forty  in  number,  rind  at  work  close'  upon  the 
Lake  shore,  nearly  opppsite  the  Fort.     Tl  rowinir 
tjff  our  blankets,  we  rani  down  upon  then,,  took  sev? 
eral  prisoners,  and  destitoyed  most  of  the  party  in 
the  retreat.     Being  Jiscivered  by  the.garrison,^w" 
pT'hr?.n'^  ^^M^y  dnadians  and  Indians,  bid! 
ed  by  150  regular  ,wh^  i„  a  mile's  march  com- 
mcnced.a  fire  upon^ur  rfear^  We  halted  upoi  a  "- 
sing  ground,  repulsed  the  enliy,  before  theJr  whole 
party  <jame  up,  and  reamed  our  line  of  march 
abreast.     Proceeding  haif  a  mile  further,  ouTrear 

rrfnon^"r^'^'- j^"'  ^l«*^"«^  ""  advLntagfiZ^ 
post,  upon  a  long  ridgc,  where  w6  made  a  stifidon 
he  side  opposite  to  the  enemy.  The  Canadimis  and 
Indians  came  very  close,  but  receiving  a  warm  fire 
from  the  Rangers  and  Mohawks  they  broke  imme- 
diately, were  pursued  and  entirely  routed  before 
their  llegulars  could  come  up.  #e  now  marched 
without  opposition.  In  these  skirmishes,  one  E- 
krf  and  two  Rangers  were  killed,  one  Indiaa  woQn 
ded  and  thirty  of  the  enemy  left   dead  ^pon  the 

iff-  ,  ^'l^'^^rX''^^'^  «'  "ig»>t'  ^«  reach'^d  Sab! 
bath  day  Point,  fifty  miles§  from  the  place  we  left 

tThe  only  Regular  in  the  party. 

§Thi8,  sonsidering  that  two  skirmishOT  were  foiiirht  on  th. 
same  day.  may  be  considered  rather  an  ertfsJdL^Tarch 


>;  ■'! 


•  < 


90 


ftSMINlSCENCES   OF 


"l 


"lorning,  the  whole  l.»r  ^°"*'  ^^^^  *^^P-    Next 
.   ^  Island,  Zn  Ul^GeaJf.    ^'"'''''^  *"«'-'''»«d  to  Lomr 

had  leave  to  hunt  on  The  Lafc!  ^/*"S*"  ^?d 'n^an, 
us  plenty  of  venison  ^^^  '^^'^'  *»^  ^roOght 

SoSTai*  mlAf  d?  "^  '"^>"«  ^'^^  »»«d  gone  up 

«ng'ettertoCoi:Hddimar-^"*^^^^^ 

i  would  infdrni  you  that  60  1r.A;  •  «  *^ 
have  gone  towards  Port  Ed  IT  "*.^  P*-^'*** 
ga,andl  fea,  will  strike  Jt^T.^  *"^  ^aratbl 
reaches  you.  Mr!  ll^^^^'T^  ^^ovr  hefor.  ihi, 
fied  that  he  hal  done  h  s  businL  ^^^^'T'  '^^^' 
^rders  ;  since  which,  I  have  t«b '  '^'T^}y  to  his 
Weral  of  the  enemy  near  rLnJ  "  ^^  destroyed 

-yso^eofourM^^^^^^^ 

%pui:8  &c.^ 

,  '    :,*'»•.    Two  thirds  of  iny^Jlfe**^^®; 
.  i^«  their  feet.  ^  ^'^piment  have  fro. 


«* 


V 


^•^^ 


;^ 


H.f  ■ 


y 


;--^,- 


\^ 


..:l:? 


1   ,        "r  ■■ 


»»■  VHEK/CH  WAR. 


■x\(. 


81^ 


DbakSie,        •  ^^  ^vard,  March  \0,  1769. 
twentyThl!^h/»^"/^"  y^""*  ^"''^^'•'i^d  send 
My^cornph««..ts  to  Capt.  l^ka.srdTCiJ„- 

Y^ur  nost  obedfcnt  servant, 
PS     Thn    -  .^       ?RED.  HALDIMAN 
MoUcetothp!l?r'*''?T  '^*^^^"  fi'-^d  to  give 
Nothfnl  K.       »         '  P'^f*^  *^  ^e  «n  their  gulrd. 
f  othing  has  yet  appeared-t  4*     ' 

nielllof^l/)?*^'^''^^"***.*'*^  8leighs,and  a  detach- 
S  Port  PH  T'  ir^th  whom,  we*  all  arrived  safe 
at  b  on  Edward, where  I  found  the  following  Jettm 

^  Your  IrtfP*  I.    M     c?^T  ^"^^^^  ^^^'  26,  1757. 
Whl  «1„?  I  ^^  **''•  ®*''''^  Vas  yesterday  received. 
S  ^t  wl-T'^^''  *^^^-"ff  ^«  Indians,  bu 
f .  ^^s^  umilfh?  n  7T  ■  "^  ™°''"  companies  of  Ran- 
f^^ rii'i     ?>■*«««*  ones  are  completed.     Your 

'   wfj    Thl^'^X**^^'^  ^y  *^^  "ti"eO^'  ana  answeJ 
w«I.  They  will  be  sent  you  as  fast  as  ^ssible.  We 

^mo&tiTctT '''''  ^^vi^^-^^^^^^ 

■    pE    P'^'^^*,  return  your  companies  ^h^Z 
piete.  Your  humble  servant,  ~»  ^"* 

RTOWNSHEND. 

ItliX,*^*^        ">em«elve«  ducovewd,  and  ntnated  with  p|.«pi; 

V  It    .'• 


f 


i 


-fy* 


•  ? 


t 


4-  »ft. 


«  »■(( 


LI   •: 


mJS  ;  'I  V     'i  iiit 


^  I 


'.«%!■ 


I^'» 


,    if'  X 

■  M 


'%s 


■   rv« 


m 


6 


82 


Sik, 


HEMIHISCENCFg    or 

•^ew  York,  Feb.  13,  I759. 


H  you  had  writtef  con  '  rn!n  ^     "P°"   *»«««•% 
"s  services  for  the  ens^r  ^  ^»™>.came  to  offe? 

Wnpt  mentioned  anTtem,  ,7y»":  ^^^o^ 

to  reo^ive  his  proposaj7renn^  Vi     ^'"*  ''""  '«  XO" 

,    form  me  whether  hS^^^'^J^^™  ^o  me,  and  in-  . 

After  which   I  will  gi^^ran^wef'^^^*^  to  them.  \ 
1  am  §ir, 

Your  very  humble  servant, 
To  Major  Rogers.  ^^^^-  AMHERST. 

GeSetr^lfCl^^^^^^ 

and  assured  of   t^he  rank  S  J-'  "^^^  ''«'^«ived, 

from  the  dateof  mvcommu!:^^J°V"   '^^  »^«y 
crombie.  ^  commission  under  Gen.  Aber- 

the^Sern^^^^eTs^t^^^^^^^^^  l^^'''  --ed 
sent  on  a  scout  in  Jv  absen..  '^  J^u'H^"^  ^^^  ^e^" 
with  thirty  men/  Mr  Bn!h„T'^  ^^^  ^^^"  *^"t  off 
best  officers  and  the  scoi.f  .'"''. "J^^.^  °"e  of  our 
sent,  was  .n^cdltst d  ZcS"'"^  '^  ^'^^  ^-" 

in  ev^TqtTt::^^  wrernrtrs -r  ^-^-^ 

mces,  were  forwarded      Th"  p^  **'^''^"*  ^.'^^■ 
'  were  completed,  and  ;„    t        'danger  companies 

-<^«r  Oen. V,  a^ n;:./?oVLaL!^  thf 

^re\?:/„trn^trosiS?[«  up  his  scalp,., 

ers  informed  them^Srthef/i,  «  ^.V^"^^  of  Rogers.^  TheAnl 
-orry.  s«yi„g  jfaat  Capt.  B  "a,  t  1'  7*  '*'°^  «PJ*ared  to  be 
at*o„,o  time  previous  she ^rsom^^.r^'"''";  ''  W^ars  he  had 
a«  not  apt  to  forget.  """"  "'^  ">«"  kindness,  which  thej 


n 


% 


L*^- 


•*#.-< 


THE  PRiwcH  WAR.  gg 

re.ed  .vera,  scout,  to  berdi"  t^^^' ^t,^!; 

«etf  tol'e  Jk^;rCrr  °^/»»—y  pro- 
advanced  guard     Here  Hf/r  ^?r^»«Part  J/the 
to  fulfil  hif  IM-omise  ?o  Jr. \v  !?  'f '^  was  pleased 
orders,  my  \;„k  as  M^'r^L^'"^'""^  ^"  P»Wic 
date  of  4<^omm^onTM^^^irR^^  ^o™  the 
?rniy  lay  We  collecting  itVT'ni?*"Sj"-     ^He 
ing  information   of  thf  enemvf  /•.*"?  .P''^^"^" 
when  it  was  again  embarked Tr  T'^    ^^^  *'«t, 
tie  more  than  a  vear Tfil        ^^"^  Ticonderoga,  lit' 
Jmes  of  that  Portress  ^     ^^""^P^l^e,  befo?e'th« 

wiirandweTe  th^fiS?""''"  ?  ^'""^  °"  ^^o  right 

Grenadiers  and  LiS  Infon,       ^^*"'  ^^''owed  the 
Haviland.  ^  '  '"^^"*'y'  commanded  by  Col. 

th/£t\t"S„nt^^^^^^       the  mountains  1. 
to  the   bridge  arthesaimWU^'^K^^^'^i^^^^^ds,   , 
bridge  8tanlinrunini„r.!5         ' '^''^'■^    finding  the   ' 

thettce  a  party  of  the  enL!  iT^  «''**""d,  drov^ 

number  oY  p4^ners  ai^^^^jH  ^^«»-«>  took  a 

Colonel  Ha?ISs  'col  Cdl  '^' J*V^^'  ^^^^^-^^ 

The  acmy  tOok  poSon  of  th.Tf  t  ^''^^^ 

trootifmoL'^'ffiV'^^^  ^«-aIp«t  hi/    . 

'*JieA-ont,withdirecUons?n  *^^"^**^^  ^'^'^'^d  to 

plain,  the  ne^resZly^Zil"^^!,'^''  ^'if'""' 

^eavonr  to  strike  it  L?,  ♦iT  *^j^*"J*"n.  and  en- 

«"««  it,  near  th«»  edge  of  the  cleared 


.    ,, 


..  i  »  ' 


— i&H 


T 


•'        ,»3 


.  ■ !  b  fcV 


■   '* 


/  -■.. 


84 


REMINtSCENCBS  OW 


ground,  between  thai,  and  the  breast  worftj  there  to 
wait  for  further  brders.  Tlie  General  had  by  this 
time  prepared  a  dejtachmeht  to  attack  the  wain  breast 
work  on  the  hill,  which  succeeded  in  carrying  it ; 
while  two  iiundred  Rangei^,  under  Capt.  Brewer 
took  possession  of  a  small  entrenchment  near  Lake 
Champlain.  without  much  loss.  ^ 

From  the  time  the  arniy  came  in  sight,  the  enemy 
kept  up  a  constant  fire  of  cannon  from  their  warn 
and  batteries.  The  General  employed  several  Pro- 
yinciat  regiments*  to  transport  the  cannon  and  stores 
acros^  the  carry in'g  place  ;  which  service  they  per- 
formed with  great  expedition. 

July  24.  This  dayf  the  engineers  weye  employed 
in  raising  batteries  with  the  assistance  of  a  large 
portion  of  the  troops  ;  the'  remainder,  being  enga- 

§ed  in  making  fnsciijea,  until  the  26th'  at  night, 
couts  from  the  Rangers,  were  during  this  inter- 
val, continually  kept  out  in  the  vicinity  of  Crown 
Point,  by  whose  means  the  General  had  hourly  in- 
telligence/rom  that  post. 

Orders  were  given  to  cut  away  a  boom,which  the 
French  had  thrown  apross  the  Lake,  oppositeC^be 
Fort,  which  preve|pi^d  our  boats  from  passingT^d 
euttine  off  the  French  retreat.  For  this  purpose, 
•wo  whale  boats  and  One  English  flat  boat  were  con- 
**9i^  across  the  land  from  Lake  George  to  Lake 
€b«ln>lain,  in  w^ich,  after  dark,  sixty  Rangers 
passed  to  the  ot.hier,  .side  of  Champlain,  opposite 
their  camp;  from  thence  intending  .to  steer  along 
the  east  shore,  and  silently  saw  off  the  boom,  whieh 

•MA>ut  thw  tiaw,  Boiiie  of  the  Provincial  Re^imlents  wen  Mat 
4*  Onr«gt»  to  MMM  in  erectiiig  a  Fort. 


ftMaJUy  ikm  brava  CoL'Townaliand  was  killed  bj  a  easBOB 
^  Mm  Ml  #••  deeply  lamented  by  tbc  Gencial,  to  wtoa  bo 
«i«tfir]|qp«i]rA4ai«it€UawaL      ..   , 


'\' 


»■' 


.  .,    -.  rT"  •   '     "•■   ■ 

'        l'    * 

V  •» 


\ 


THE   PREACH  WAR. 


8ft 


was  composed  of  logs  of  timber  fastened  together 
with  large  iron  chains. 

At  nine  o'clock  we  had  nearly  reached  our  desti- 
nation, when  the  French  wIjo  had  previously  un- 
dermined the  Fortress,  sprung  their  mines,  which 
blew  up  with  a  trcjuciulous  explosion,  and  immedi- 
ately^ commenced  A  retreat  in  •their  boats.  This 
gave  lis  an  opportunity  of  attacking  them  to  advan- 
tage, and  driving  several  of  their  boots  on  shore; 
80  that  next  morning  ten  boats  were  taken  on  the 
east  shoic,  containing  a  large  quantity  of  baggage, 
fifty  barrels  of  jiowder,  and  a  quantity  of  shot  and 
shells.  I    ' 

At  ten  o'clock,  I  returned  and  reported  to  the 
General. 

27.  I  was  ordered  with  a  party  to  the  sawmills, 
to  way-lay  the  flying  parties  of  the  enemy  who 
were  expected  to  return  that  way;  and  lay  thei'e 
until  August  11,  when  the  following  order  was  re- 
ceivea.  •  .         »  m 

You  are  this  night  to  send  a  Captain  with  a  pra|l> 
er  proportion  of  Subalterns,  and  200  ir.en  to  Crown 
Pomt.  Where  they  will  post  themselves  in  such  a 
manner  as  not  to  be  surprised,  anckif  attacked  they 
are  not  to  retreat,  but  to  maintitin  their  ground  im- 
til  reinforced. 

JEFF.  AMHERST. 

Capt.  BreMTOT  was  d^ched  with  the  party,  and 
the  General  following  in  the  morning,  with  the 
whole  army,  arrived  jHid  took  possession  of  i\^e 
Point  the  same  day ;  Capt.  Brewer  had  eitedated 
His  orders  in  the  most  satisfactory  banner. 

Aug.  12.  This  evening,  the  encampment  wasar- 
ranged,  the  Rangers'  camp  bein^  in  front  of  the  ar- 
my. The  next  day,  the  General  directed  the  ground 
to  be  cleared,  andemployed  a  larTC  portion  of  the 
troops,  in  erecting  a  new  Fort.  'pi^t.  SUfk  wllii 


i^ 


y 


-^^' 
( ' 

t 


.1 


•  :'.; 


'   l 


i 


s.   . 


,.   !jLisJ^'*'X»,<^'' 


^M 


.\. 


'  f'  ■  * 


y^,. 


r^i 


ny* 


tl- 


1     / 


; 


^  RKMINIICERCES  OF 

«pO  Rangers  was  employed  in  cutting  a  road  from 
Crown  Point,  tFirough  the  wilderness  to  Number  , 
Four. ,  While  the  army  layat  Crown  Point,  I  seni^'^ 
out  several  scouts,  some  of  which   brought  prison- 
ers from  St.JoHii's  and  others  penetrated  far  into     » 
the  enemy's  back  country.* 

We  wcrfc  thus  occifpied  until  the  12th  of  Septem- 
ber,  when  Ihe^Genej^al  exasperated  at  the  treatment 
Cant.  Kennedy  had  deceived  from  th*  St.  Francis 
IndMs,  to  whom  he  had  b^n  ,sent  x«?ith  a  flair  of 
truce  and  proposals  of  peace,  who  had   bee?by 
them  made  prisoner  Viith  his  party,  that  H,4teter- 
mmed  to  bestow  upon  thcin,  a  signal  chastisement. 
He^^ve  orders  as  follows  :    »  Yqu^are  this  night* 
to  jom  the  detachment  of  200  men>hich  were  yes- 
terday  ordered  oat,  and   pioceed  tS  Missisqiii  bay 
from  which,  yen  will  proceed  to  attack  the  enemy's 
settlements  on  the  south  side  of  the  St.  Lawrence, 
msuch  a  manner,  as  shall  most  effectually  disgrace 
and  injure  the  enemy,  and  redound  to  tl,e  <.onour 
and  success  of  His  Majesty's  arms.     Remember  the 
ba^rities  committed  by  theenemy's  Indian  scoun- 
drels,  OI^everJ'  occasion,  where  they  have  had  oppor- 
tunities  of  shewing  theic  infamous  cruelties,  toiardi 
His  Majesty's  subjects.    Take  youi;  revengej  but  re- 
member  that  Although  the  villains  have  promiscu- 
pusly  murdered  women  and  children  of  all  affes,  it 
18  my  ordeA  (hat  no  women  or  children  should  be 
killed  or  r^urt.     When   you  have  performed  this 

dilikr^\  '''"*  '^  l-jout.  Fletcher  wcr»  taken  ptiBonen  whil*  oa 
4iArent  Bcouta,  and  c^d  to  Canada.  ^       ' 

tJ^^^A  *•"«?"""•«».«»'•  day  before  but  that  all  due  cau- 
1^.^^  i^  "t*^'  '*  ''"  «'^''"  «"*  ^n  Public  orders,  that  1  wm 
tXpA.^'**''"  •*'•  "^^  IbudWret  o^m'to  prodS 


'\    .4iJ.i 


'•««iMf«SW  <imii>t»im*tm  mmmm"'* 


\ 


THE    PKCNCH   WAB. 


87 


service,  Voa  will  .again  join  the  army  wlierevef  it 

maybe.  \ 

1^  \  Yours  &c, 

.  «     -        \  XEFF.  AMHERST. 

Camp\at  Grown  Pcnnt,  Sept.  13, 17^9. 

To  Major,  Rogers. 

The  acco^nnt  of  the  expedition  to  St.  Francis,  is 
contained  in  a  despatch  to  Gen.  Aii|[|{ierst,  as  fol- 
lows. ,  .1 

On,  the  evening  of  the  twenty  sc^^Ond  day  af^er 
our  departure  from  Crown  Point,  wte  came  in  sight 
of  the  Indian  town  of  St.  Frjincfe,  which  we  dis- 
covered by  climbing  u  tree  at  three  miles  distance^ 
Here  my  party  consisting  of  14^,*  officers  inclu- 
ded, were  ordered  to  refresh  tlieihselves.' 

At  eight  o'clock  Lieut. Turner,  Ensign  Avery  tmd 
myself  reconnoJtr«?d  tlie  town.  We  found  tfie  In- 
dians «ngagcd  in  a  high  frolic,  and  saw  them  exiscut* 
several  dances  with  the  greatest  spif  it.f 

We  returned  to  our  Ciunp,  at  tw<s^  o'clock,  and  at 
tliree,  advanced  with  tlie  whole  jiarLy,  within  500 
yards  of  the  village,  where  the  men  were  lightened 
of  their  packs,  and  formed  for  action. 

Half  an  hour  before  sunrise,  we  surprised  the 
village  approaching-  it  in  three  divii-ions,  on  the 
right,  left,  and  centte  ;  wliich  was  efl[ticted  with  so 
much  caution  and  prbmptitude,  on  the  part  of  the 
officers  and  men,  that  the  enemy  had  no  time  tore- 
cover  themselves,  or  to  take  arpis  in  their  own  de- 

*Capt.  Williams  of  the  Royal  troops,  or  the  fifth  day  of  th« 
march,  was  accidentally  burnt  wirh  gun  powder,  and  obliged  to 
return,  taking  with  liim  forty  four  nieu  who  were  sick  and 
hurt." 

tit  was  ascertained  from  the  prisoneip ,  that  the  Indiana  wera 
engaged  in  celebrating  a  wedding,on  theYvening  before  tiie  dce- 
triictioB  of  their  town. 


/  .: 


r  .'  - ' 


*  I 


'    '       ^. 


B  ! 


I/' 


88 


REMimstEIfCES  or 


y 


fence,  until  they  were  mostly  destroka.  Some  fe^ 
escaped  to.the  water,  but  ,«y  people>r8ued?!unk 
their  CHnoes,andsl.ot  tho«e  M  atlemntedTo  escape 
ky  swimming      \^e  then  set  fire  to  a  I  their  hoS 

•  Tt'S?/'"''  ^''7'"^  ^""^  '^'^  "««  «f  the  par?; 
TJie  fire  consumed  many  Indians  Mdio  hid  con- 
cealed  themselves  in  the  cellars  and  lofts  ^.Sr 
hoqses  and  would  not  come  out.  At  seven  o'cTk 
in  the  morning  the  affair  was  completely  ove?  Wo 
hMy  that  time,  killed   200  Indians    and  tak^n 

teen  of  the  latter,  I  suffered  to  go  th\^ir  own  way  • 

three  feirls.     Five  EnolJsh  captives  were  also  found 
and  tafcen  into  our  care. 

^n  [^7tJ»ngt»i«^  detachment,  Captain  Oadenwa. 

body,  biit  still  able  to  perform  his  dutv.     sfx  nri 
vales^we^e  wounded,  and  one   Stockbridge  JnJii!, 

I  orderW  my  party  to  take  corn  out  of  the  reser- 
t^ed  houses,  for  their  subsistence  ho^ne,  the  e  E 

loading   h^mselves,  I  examined  the  captiZ,  who 
reportedthatapartyof  SOO   French  an?l  s^meU^.. 
dians,  were  down  the  river  fonr  miles  beloxv  us  ; 
and  that  our  boats  were  way -laid.  ' 

J  his  I  believed  to  be  true,  as  they  told  the  exact 

T]'t'A  r^  *^.»''^^«  ^^''«''«  they  Imd  been  left 
that  250  French  had  three  days  before  gonf up  the 
river,  to  »  Wigwam  Martinic''  suppOsinf  thaU  ^n!^ 
tended  to  attack  that  place."  '^ 

A  council  of  war  now  concluded  that  no   other 
course  was  lefl  u,,  than  to  return  by   ConpecticS 

•Tliow  primnera  oa  reaching;  number  Four  claimed  Mm.  J„i.« 
mm  «.  «n  old  «cq.aini«nco.  shi  havjn.  boo"^  SXlt^hi  .5^' 
pri«««  «,me  time  befo«.    One  of  th?m  Z^  llbl"! 

■         .,  ,  A. 

^J: ^ \^ 


^, 


iw^n&Tc^J 


■•I' 
'A 


THE    FRB 


WAR. 


89 


River  and  Number  Four.  The  detachment  there- 
fore marched  iq  a  body  eight  days  upon  that  course, 
and  when  provisions  grew  scarce  near  Memi>hrema- 
gog  Lake,  it  was  divided  into  companies  with  prop- 
er guides  to  each,  and  onkred  to  assemble  at  the 
month  of  Ammonoosiick  River,*  as  I  expected  to  find' 
provisions  there  for  our  relief. 

Two  Uays  after  we   scjiarated.  Ensign  Avery  of 
Fitche's  regiment  with    isis   party,  fell   upon  my 
track,  and  followed   in  my  rear.     The  enemy  fell 
npon  them,  mui  took  seven' prisoners,  two  of  whom 
escaped  and  came  to  me  next  morning.    Avery  with 
his  men  soon  after  joined  iis  and  we  proceeded  to 
the  Coos  intervajcs,  where  I  left  them  with  Lieut. 
Giant.     I  then  piocewled  with  Capt.  Ogden  and 
one  man  moi^  upon  a  raft  and  arrived  at  this  place 
yesterday.     Provisions  were  in  half  an   hour  after 
despatched  uj)  tinf  river  to  Mr.  Grant,  bv  a  canoe 
which  will  reach   him  thik  night.     Two'other  ca- 
noes wilh^  provisions,  have  been  sent  to  the  mouth 
of  Amiftonoosuck   River.     I  shall  go  up  the  River 
toihornow,  to  look  after  my  men,  and  return  as  soon 
as  possible,  to  Crown  Point.     Capt.  Ogden  can  in-  "^ 
form  you  of  other  particulars  respecting  this  gggut, 
as  he  was  with  me  through  the  whole  expet 
and  behaved  nobly. 

,  Youripost  obedient  servant, 

/  R.  ROGERS. 

J^umber  FouVy  Nov.  A,  1769. 
To  Gej*.  Amherst. 


n. 


?  cannot  forbear  making  some  remarks  updn  the 
difficulties  and  distresses,  which  attended  the  expe- 
oition  under  my;  command,  against  the  village  of  St. 

•AmmonoMuck  »Ver  falls  into  th*  Conwcticnt  lixtT  mUu 
•bov«  Number  Pour  (now  ChaHeston  ft.  H.  "       W'  ' 

pi^^k''  ""'  ''i?*."  ***"'•'  '•«  **''•"'  """J  »••>»  »»*ck  to  CYow. 
^rgini,  to  b«v»  ^oMsions  coavejed  to  that  place.  i 

8* 


-h*~- 


U 


'VMM  ' 

-'Si*-,, -J 


r^< 


ZB 


It  '  ■  * 


^ 


^     *i         -S  ^''^  "'•■' 


i: 


to 


BBMiitiscEircKs  or 


m 


francH,  situated  within  three  miles  of  the  river  Si. 
La#rcnce  in   tlie  heart   of  Canada  about  half  way 
between  Montreal  and  Quebec.     White  we  kept  th« 
water,  it  was  found  extremely  difficult  to  pass  un- 
discovered by  the  enemy,  who  were  cruising  in  >reat 
numbers  upon  the  Luke,  and  had  prepared  certain 
vessels  armed  with  all  manner  of  mischievous  im-' 
plements,  to  decoy  English  parties  on  board,  and 
destroy  them.     But  we  escaped  their  designs,  and 
landed  at  Missisqui   bay  in  ten  davs.     Here  I  left 
my  boats  and  provisions  sufficient  to  carry  us  back 
to  Crown  Point,  under  the  charge  of  two  trusty  In- 
dians ;— who  were  to   remain  there  until  we  came 
back,  unless  the  enemy  should  discover  the  boats, 
in  which  case,  th^'y  were  to  fol^pw  my  track,  and 
bring  the  intelligence.     The  second  day  after  this, 
they  lomed  ine  at  night,  informing  that  400  French 
had  discoveripd  my  boats,  and  that  200of  them  were 
"^^followinj^  iny  track^.    This  caused  us  some  un- 
■|ess.     Shpuld  the  enemy  overtake  us,  and  we 
I'thc  advantage  in  an  encounter,  they  would  be 
lediately  roiYiforccd,  while  we  could  expect  no 
H«™***"^^'  '^^'"g  s*'  fai*  advanced  beyond  our  mili- 
tary posts,  our  boats  and  provisions  likewise  being 
taken,  cut  off  all  hope    of  retreat  by   the  rout  we 
cai»e;  but  after  tluo  deliberation,  it  was  resolved 
to  accomplish  our  object  at  all  events,  and  return 
by  Connecticut  River.     Lieut.  McMullen  was  dcs- 
patclied  by  land  to  Crown  Point   to  desire^Gen. 
Anifherst  to  relieve  us  with  provisions  at  Amf^noo- 
Jck  river,  at  the  extremity  of  the  Coos  i/itervales; 
[iat  being  the  way  we  should  return  if  we  ever 
/•houlcr return.     We  now  determined  to  out-march 
our  pursuers,   and  destroy  St.  Francis,  before  we 
were  overtaken.     We  marched  nine  days  through  a 
spruce  bog,  where  the  ground  was  wet  and  low, 
great  part  of  it  being  covered  with  water  a  foot 


■ 

H 

- 

- 

"    mill 

«I>IIMI 

- 

it. 


^9^'r: 


-,     f    f  ^ff^  (  "f^rnj*^  *      t» 


f' 


wL\ 


TUK  rRtirCH  WAB. 


»1 


deep.  When  we  cficamped  at  night,  we  cut  bouehi 
from  the  trees,  and  witJi  them,  constructed  a  kind 
of  hammocks  to  secure  ourselves  from  the  water. 
We  uniformly  began  our  march  a  little  before  day 
and  continued  it  until  after  dark  at  night.  Thi 
tenth  day  after  leaving  the  Bay  brought  us  to  a  rij 
er  fifteen   miles  north  of  St.   Francis,  which 

were  compeljecl  to   ford  against   a  swift   ""A  

The  tallest  men  were  put  up  stream,  and  holdin^by 
each  other,  the  party  passed  over  with  the  loss  of 
several  guns,  which  were  recovered  by  diving  to 
the  bottom.  We  had  now  good  marching  ground, 
and  proceeded  to  destroy  the  town  as  before  rela- 
ted ;  which  would  in  all  probability,  have  been  ef- 
fected witif  no  other  ^oss  but  the  Indian  who  was 
killed  in  the  action,  had  not  our  boats  been  discov- 
ered, and  our  yetreat  that  way  cut  off. 

This  tribe  of  Indians  was  notoriously  attached  to 
(he  French,  and  had  for  a  century  past,  harrassed 
the  frontiers  of  New  England,  murdering  people  of 
all  ages  and  sexes,  in  the  most  barbarous  manner, 
and  in  times  of  peace,  when  they  had  no  reason  to 
sus|)cct  their  ho^^tiie  intentions. 

They  had  within  my  own  knowledge  during  the 
six  years  past,  killed  and  carried  away  more  than 
600  persons.  We  found  600  scalps  hanging  upon 
poles  over  the  doors  of  their  wigwams. 

It  is  impossible  to  describe  the  dejected  and  mia- 
•rable  condition  of  the  party  ;  on  arriving  at  th«  * 
Coos  intervales.     After  so  long  a  march  over  rocky 

•Ctpt.  John  Stark  and  Mr.  Eastman  of  the  Bangers  were  ta- 
ken by  a  party  of  these  Indians  on  Bakers  river  (R  H.)  in  17Bi 
and  detained  aa  prisoain  aome  time  at  St.  Francia.  See  Stark's 
Memoir.  ^ 


4=^ 


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23  WIST  MAM  STRIET 

WnSTIR,N.Y.  14580 

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KEMINISCENCES    OR 


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-* 


barren  mountains,  and  through  deen  swnmn.  • 
worn  down  with  hnnaer  inrl  elul  ^  swamps,* 
ed  to  be  relieved  ,V  nf  f  •  !  ,  ^"^'  '^^^  «=^Pect- 
our  return  ThP  ^ffi  '"tervales,  and  assisted ,  in 
?eacS  CrowrPoim' •''  ^'"?P«*^f  ^^^  ^o  the  General, 
discha^rg^^^^^^^^^^ 

al  immediately  ordered  UonF  VJ  \<fi^''^''' 
Pour,  and  to  ^proceed  thence*  ^th'"'  ^^^.i^^'^^er 
the  river,  to  the  nlace   ,  ,?J,^^  ,^!"*-P'"?visions  up 

ana  returned  carryinff  with  him  aU  tu^      -  -  •  '  ' 

rent  carried  us  dnwn  .1  "'^^  P'"^  trees.     The  cur- 
the  river,  ^r^^^: ^^^^i^lj:^;^!:^ 

«*Wng  any  office  in  HkfflTesWw^^^       'rP/"«  »^  »"- 
kofrerer  waa  no  conaolation  tn  »L  k      ^^'  ^'^  *''•  ^"'"«-    Tliii  ^ 
li««nc«  caoMd  -nch  *IS^.nH        '*r  ""'"•  *«>  **»on.  hi.  ne«! 
I7  di«I  with  hunJS,.      ""  ""^  *"«'^'  """y  »<•  whom.  «rtuJE 

^0,ou.dnuU„d.ii„  roou.  Which  wh.„  hoiied  wi,,  .uppo^ 


LLUi 


:-i^ 


..^wpp^n^  «...^.^p«.,  ,p,  |i^inm,uwim<t^. 


'»"t,»r»»»>iw  -» 


i  r      (I  f^ 

I) 


ich,  the  Gener- 


NSaTi  able  ?":"f  u,'! ',"  '""*""  -'<"l'"  ™<l. 
.»d  burn?  itm  a,  p  ,^p,V'i::^J '"'™' ';-»  ''"wn, 

tent. '  rat'',  Tftf,;i'°r  "^r""?'-  ''»»''^' 


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U 


REMINI8CEHCES  OF 


mack  river,  that  any  who  should  stray  in  that  direc- 
tion, should  *be  assisted.* 

One  of  the  Ranger^  instead  of  more  important 
plunder,  placed  in  his  knapsack  a  large  lump  of  tal- 
low, which  enabled  him  to  fare  comfortably  on  his 
return,  while  many  of  his  comrades,  who  had  se- 
cured more  valuable  articles,  perished  with  hunger. 

At  Number  Four  the  following  Ictterwas  recei- 
ved from  the  General. 


Crown  PolnL  Mv.  8,  175$. 


Sib 


Capt.  Ogden  has  delivered  rac  your  letter  of  the 

5th  which  I  have  read  with  great  satisfaction.     Ev- 

«rvstep  you  hav*  taken  was  well  judged  and  de- 
j       r  J  ...  ,  ,  :„..^   Slevens 


provis- 
to  wait 


llilllSi 

)lher 


serves  my  approbation.  I  am  sorry  Lieut 
conducted  so  ill  in  coming  away  with  the 
ions,  from  the  place  where  I  ordered  him 

for  you.  ,      ,  ft  , 

An  Indian  came  in  last  night,  who  left  some  of 
your  men  at  Otter  river,  I  sent  for  then^,  and  they 
have  come  in.  This  afternoon  came  in  four  Indians, 
twoRangers^  a  German  woman  and  three  olhe 
prisoners,  they  left  four  of  your  party  some 
since,  and  supposed  tliey  had  arrived. f  ■ 

.  •The  expedition  to  St.  Francis  however  unfortunate  in^is  re- 
mit, diacovers  the  hardy  character  of  tliose  who  undertook  it. 
To  march  300  miles  through  the  enemy's  country  .where  they  were 
continually  liable  to  ambuscades,  with  the  knowledge  that  a  pow- 
erful force  was  in  their  roar,  and  had  tnkon-thoir  Iroats,  were 
circumstances  calculatec  to  call  into  action, all  the  energiea 
which  belonged  to  those  days  of  chiralry  an<i|  romance.  «  was 
an  enterprise  abounding  in  danger  and  difficulties  worthy  Of  the 
followori  of  Charles  12th.  ^ 

t  Upon  onr  separation  on  the  shores  of  Memphremagog  p»M9, 
tome  of  the  parties  were  ordered  to  make  Crown  Point,  ^M  be- 
ing the  best  rout  for  bunting.  One  party  conducted  by  PbiUips 
an  Indian,  afterwards  King  Philip  of  the  Pequawkette,  niadied 
home  without  the  loss  of  a  man,  retuming  by  the  route  m  which 
I  went  to  St.  Franciii 


,.Jlijj,i|ii!ilLjiS 


"■'MWmjI'lHWIjUllfi  n^tltlPfllV  "V^ 


'■■JT-  fiVSSSWR^aii* 


■.rm:,^: 


TOE  riHRCH  WAK. 


f» 


I  hope  the  residue  |inay  get  in  safe.  The  only 
risk  will  be  in  meetings  the  enemy's  hunting  par- 
ties. 

lam  Sir, 

Your  obcd't  serv't. 

JEFF.  AMHERST. 

After  our  party  had  recruited  their  strength,  such 
KB  were  able  to  inarch,  proccetled  to  Crown  Pointf 
where  they  arrived  Dec.  1,1759. 

Since  leaving  the  ruins  of  St.  Francis,  we  had 
lost  three  officers  ;  Lieut.  Dunbar  of  Gage's  Light 
Infantry,  Lieut.  Turner  of  the  Rangers,  and  LieuU 
JTenkins  of  the  provincials,  with  forty  six  sergeant 
and  privatcs»»  The  Rangers  at  Crown  Point,  were 
all  dismissed  before  my  return,  excepting  two  com- 
panies commanded  by  Captains  Johnson  and  Tute. 
The  General  had  left  me  orders  to  continue  in  that 

Sarrison,  during  the  winter,  with  leave  to  proceed 
own  the  country  and  wait  upon  him  at  New  lork. 
After  reporting  to  the  General  what  intelligence  I 
had  obtained  of  the  enemy's  situation, lie  (tesired 
me  at  my  leisure,  to  draw  a  plan  of  the  mareh  to 
St.  Francis.  I  retumecbby  way  of  Alba-nv,  which 
place  I  left  on  the  6th  of  February  1 760  with  thirteen 
recruits;  and  on  the  13th  while  on  my  way  between 
Ticonderoga  and  Crown  Point  my  party  was^ttac^L- 
edby  sixty  Indians,  who  killed  jBvc  and  took  four 
prisoners.  With  the  remaining  four,  I  escaped  to 
Crown  Point,  and  would  immediately  have  pursued 
the  enemy,  but  Col.  Haviland  thought  ,the  step 
would  be  imprudent,  as  the  garrison  was  very  sick- 
ly. My  own  sleigh  was  taken  at  this  time,  contain- 
ing £1196  York  currency,  besides  stores  and  neces- 
Muries.  £800  of  the  money  belonged  to  the  crown, 
which  was  allowed  to  mc;  the  remainder  £396  was 
my  own,  which  was  entirely  lost. 
March  31.    Capt.  Tote  with  two  regular  officer* 


■-« 


t* 


i". 


1   ?l 


.  m 


}• 


'■I, 


fc 

■ 


M 


REMINISCENCES  Or 


and  six  men^  wpnt  upon  a  scdwt  ;  and  were  all  takeiv^ 
prisoners.     The  sickness  of  the  garrison  prevented 
a  pursuit.*.  « 

The  following-letter  was  this  day  received  from 
the  General. 


J{ao  ForJt,  March  1,  1760.. 


Sir,      ' 

.  The  command.of  His  Majesty  to  pursue  the  war 
in  this  country,  has  detoriniiietl  ine  to  complete  the 
companies  of  Ratigers  ivhich  were  on  foot  last  cam- 
paign- Capt.  Waite  yc^tcrday  informed  me,  that 
his  company  could  easily  be  tilled  up  in  Massachu- 
setts, and  ConML'Ciicut,ard  I  have  given  him  a  t?ar- 
rant  for  SCO  dollars,  and  beating  orders. 

I  have  also  Written  Capt.  John  Stark  in  New 
Hampshire,  and  Ci\\it.  Da\  id  Brewer  in  Massachu- 
tetts,  enclosing  to  each,  beating  orders  for  their  res- 
pective Prov  incest  I  stuid  you  a  copy  of  their  in- 
structions, which  are  to  seiid  their  men  to  Albany, 
as  fast  as  recruited.  ^ 

Your  hunoble  servant, 

JEFF.  AMFIERST- 
To  Major  Rogers. 


ANSWEtT  TO  THE   ABOVE. 


Ill 


Grown  Point  J  March  15, 1160. 
Sir, 

Since  the  wjceipt  of  yours,  I  have  despatched 
Lieut.  McCorniitk  of  Cnj.t.  Wm.  Stark's  corps, 
Lieutenants  Fletclior  and  Holmes  to  recruit  for  my 
own  and  Capt.  Johnson's  company.  I  have  no 
doubt  they  will  bring  in  good  men  to  replace  tho«e 
who  have  been  frost  bitten,  who  may  be  discharged 
or  sent  to  the  hospital.  TJie  ^mallncss  of  our  force 
has     prevented    any    excursions    to  the    French 


*.** 


.,"*    <     —  ■  '■■  :■  ':i 


THE  FRENCH  WAR. 


97 


ceivcd   from 


settlementls,  in  quest  of  a  prisoner,  which  may  be 
obtained  ^t  any  ti|ne. 

Youils  resi)ectfully, 

R.  ROGERS. 


March  9.  \  The  General  wrote  that  he  had  given 
a  company  df  Rangers  to  Capt.  Ogden,  and  to  re- 
quest that  soke  one  might  be  sent  to  Stockbrit^e  to 
engage  Lieut.\  Solomon  (Indian)  to  raise  a  company 
of  Indians  for  the  ensuing  campaign.  Mr.  Stuart 
Adjutant  of  thip  Rangers  was  accordingly  sent,  to  ex- 
plain to  Solbn^on,  the  conditions  of  the  service.  A 
short  time  aftei^,  the  Indians  agreed  to  1  enter  the  ser- 
vice ;  but  as  mi(ny  were  out  hunting,  th«3y  could  not 
be  collected  at  Albany  until  May  10th.  In  the  mean 
time,  the  Rang€^  Corps  at  Crown  Point  was  com* 
pleted.  \ 

May  4th.  Seraeant  Beverly  having  escaped  from 
Montreal,  arrived  at  Crown  Point,  after  a  journey 
of  seven  days.    Hte  had  lived  in  the  house  of  Mons.  ^mi^ 
Vaudreuil  the  Govbrnor,  and  brought  intelligence,/  * 
"that  on  the  lOtM  of  April  the  enemy  withdrew' 
their  troops  from  Isle  aux  Noix,*  excepting  a  garri- 
son of  300,  under  Mbns.  Bonville ;  that  they  had  al- 
so brought  away  half  d  the  canbon  and  ammuni- 
tion ;  that  two  Fjrendh  Frigates  of  36  and  20  guns, 
and  several  smaller  vessels  lay  all  winter  in  the  St. 
Lawrence ;  that  all  the  French  troops  in  Canada 
had  concentrated  at  Jecorte  on  the  20th  of  April, 
excepting  slender  garrisons  in  their  Forts ;  all  the 
Militia  that  could  be  spared  from  the  country,  leav- 
ing,but  one  male  to  every  two  females,  tp  sow  tlw 
Drain,  were  also  collected^at  the  same  place,  under 
their  Qeneral,  the  Chevalier  Levi,  \|ho  intended  to 

*In  Um  riY«r  S«i«II,  «  fiiw  milet  north  of  Lakt  4hunpl«in. 
9 


jT 


Vi  \'<      -  4/,  -r"iii.%; 


•"•™«»w-)P,s89i»«**-5*B9S§i«swf< 


»8 


\; 


x^ 


■  EMIIflBCKIfCEB    OF 


retake  Quebec:*  that  ninetv  men  were  drowned  in 
their  passage  to  Jfccorle  ;  that  he  saw  a  private,  be- 
longing to  our  troops  at  Quebec,  who  had  been  ta- 
ken  prisoner  the  16th  «f  April  ;  he  ttated  that  the 
garrison  was  very  liealthy  ;  that  Brig.  GcrpraJ  Mur- 
ray  had  4000  men  fit  for  duty  in  the   city,  and  an 
advanced  guard  of  300  men  at  Point  Levi,  which 
place,  the  enemy  attempted  to  occupy  in  February 
last,  with  a  considerable  force,  and  began  to  fortify 
a  stone  church  near  the  Point ;  but  that  Gen.  Mur- 
ray sent  over,  a  detachment  of  1000  iT:en,  which 
drove  the  enemy  from  his  position,  with  the  loss  of 
a  Captain  and  thirty  French  soldiers  taken  prison- 
ers ;  that  the  English  had  fortified  the  church  for 
their  own  convenience  ;  thut  Gen.  Murray  had  an- 
other military  post  of  300   men  on  the  north  sid« 
of  the  river,  at   Laurctte  a  little   distance  from  the 
town  ;  that  all  along  the  land-ward  side  of  the  town 
was  a  line  of  block  houses  under  cover  of  the  cannon- 
that  a  breast  work  of  fraziers  extended  from  one 
block  house  to  anothjer ;    that   Gen.   Murray   had 
heard  the  enemy  intended   to  beat   up  his  quarters 
but  was  not  m  tU  least  alarmed  :  that  a  party  froij 
Quebec  surprised  two   of  the  enemy's   guards  at 
Point  Treamble,  each  of  which  consisted  of  50  men 
who  were  all  hilled  or  taken,  one  guard  consi^tin.^ 
entirely  of  French  Grenadiers  ;  thaftwomoreS 
Iish  Ungates  had  passed  ui>  the  river,  and  two  oth- 

tl^v  u^"",  w^  "*?"■  ^''^  ^^'^^  «^  Orleans  ;  that 
the  French  toJd  him  that  a  fleet  of  ten  sail  of  me„ 
of  war  had  been  seen  at  Gaspee  Bay  ;  and  had  aijain 
put  to  sea  on  account  of  the  ice  ;  but  as  they  sSew 
different  colours,  they  did  know  whether  they  were 

the  first  of  May,  to  draw  off  2000  men  to  Isle  aux 

u*I''",5i*y»he"P't«l  of  Canada  had  been   in  1769  tak.n  hw 
th«  JSngJmh  troop,  u^dor  the  con^wand  of  General  \Vol?e        ^ 


''-'W^m^ 


■~^K,-m 


•  >•     «»'  /^hS'  ■ 


;»     '*^ 


i  drowned  in 
a  private,  be- 

had  been  la- 
tated  that  the 
General  Mur- 
city,  and  an 
Levi,  which 
in  February 
[an  to  fortiiy 
it  Gen.  Mur- 

n;en,  which 
Lh  the  loss  of 
iken  prison- 

chwrch  for 
ray  had  an- 
'  north  sid« 
'ice  ircm  the 
;  of  the  town 
the  cannon; 
d .  from  one 
iflurray  had 
>is  quarter;s 
party  from. 

guards  at 
I  of  50  men, 
d  consisting 
)  more  Eng- 
d  two  oth- 
leans  ;  that 
sail  of  men 
d  had  a^ain 

they  shew 
r  they  were 
^tended  on 
to  Isle  aux 

759  taken,  by 
WoJfe. 


THE  FRENCH  WlR. 


d9 


Noix,  and  as  many  more  to  Oswegatchie  ;  and  did 
not  intend  to  attack  Quebec,  unlesi  the  French  fleel 

SforM^riiS'ri- '-''  f  ''"  ^"""^^  '  Aharon 
tJiesth  ot  May,  100  Indians  departed  for  our  Ports- 

|e  residue  of  them  had  proceeded  to  Jecorte  ;^hat' 

thfeAttavyawataud  Cold  Country  Indians   wil  jofn 

Gen.  Levi  m  June,  ten  sr^chems  having  been  desnatch 

ed  last  fdl,  to  solicit  the  aid  of  tho!e  natiSfr^m 

the  north  west;  that  tbe  French  have  in  their  se  v°2 

•  many  deserters  from  the  corp.  of  Royal  AmSw 

at  Quebec  ;  that  they  were  ti>  be  sent  Under^he  ^i 

River  r.  fhlT'"\^°^^''^^'-'  "1>''^«  Attawaii 
and  the  M  1  ^^^-^P^^^^^'o"/  between  the  Lakes, 
and  the  Mississippi ;  that  most  of  the  enemy's  In' 
dians  mteud  going  there  ;  that  many  of  the  French 
who  have  money,  intend  to  secure  it  by  rctirinff  U 
New  Orleans;  that  he  saw  at  Montreal,  I^eyno  K 
Ha  I,  two  Rangers  who  were  last  fall,  reported  by 
Col.  Havilatid  us  deserters  ;  they  were  taken   oris 

Tc^ttTe"  tw^'-'^^'p^'^'^'^-''^'^'  -J^i'e  in  qS 

iS  7u-  '•'''  ^''^'i'Ss  from  Montreal,  if  they  can 
effect  the.r  esftape  ;  Longee  the  famous  partisan  wm 
drov,ned  ni  the  St.  Lawrence,  a  few  days  after  l!^ 

[hat  tr;V' r ;  '^'t^'^  ^^'^^^  ^^^-ised  Lpt  xut^ 

that  the  Ind.;lns  keep  a  sharp  loik  out.  upon  the 
Number  Four  roads,  where  they  intercept  pCty  of 
Jheep  and  cattle,  on   their  way  to  Crown  Point 

detected  while  conveying  ammunition  from  Quebec 

o  the  enemy  ;  the  2  Indian  Captains  Jacob,  are  stil 

m  Canada;  the  one  is  with  Capt.  Kennedy,  in  board 

.leturned  having  frozen  his  feet  and  is  at  Montreal. 

nil  »;!    '^'  ''■^^'  *^'^'  '  ^*^"'  ^^^^  Lake  Cham- 
plain  to  reconnoitre  the  Isle  aux  Noix,  the  landing 


,'%. 


; 
(     .  - 


'-^ — — «—     ■■:■]-■  ■■■•       —     '      '        '  '■  ■ ■' ■ '■      — ■ ' — ^'^ '■      'il 


r*M«i-«*^.»*  r-X,^, 


'1M.  .*^f.Jl^-.. 


■^■tm:^^ 


loo 


REMINISCENCES  OP 


""■■     t 


I  i       <"' 


r  1 
J, 


M 


f 


P****SK'*''ri8on^&c.  and  then  proceeding  to  Albany 
gave  11%  General  all  the  information  I  possessed  in 
Jegard  to  the  passage  into  Canada,  by  the  Isle  aux 
Now,  as  also  that  by  Oswego,*  and  La  Galette. 

The  GenerafleArniiiff  by  an  express,  that  Quebec 
was  besieged  by  the  French,  formed  the  design  of 
sending  me  w«h  a  party  into  Canada,  with  direc- 
tions jf  the  fiege  continued,  to  lay  waste  the  coun- 
try, an^^  karching  from  place  to  place,  endeav- 
our to  draw  off  the  enemy's  troops  and  prolong  the 
siege,  until  our,  vessels  should  ascend  the  river.  I 
was  to  be  gover^d  entirely  by  th^  motions  of  thfe 
French  army  ;  if  the  siege  was  raised,  to  retreat ; 
otherwise,  to  harrass  the  country  even  at  the  expense 
of  my  party.     The  orders  were  as  follows. 

You  are  to  proceed  with  a  detachment  of  I 
men,  viz.  315  Rangers  with  their  officers,  a  suj 
tern  two  sergeapte  and  25  men  from  the  Light  in- 
fantry Regiments,  down  the  Lake,  under  convoy  of 
the  brig,  and  la^  up  your  boats  in  a  safe  place, 
upon  one  of  the  islands,  while  executing  the  follow- 
ing orders. 

You  will  land  250  men  on  the  west  side,  in  such  a 
manner,  as  to  reach  St.  Johns,  without  being  dis- 
covered by  the  enemy  at  Isle  aux  Noix  ;  where  you 
will  endeavour  to  surprise  the  Fort  of  St.  Johns  ; 
and  destroy  the  vessels,  boats,  provisions,  or  what- 
ever else  may  be  there,  for  the  use  of  the  troops  at- 
the  Isle  aux  Noix.  You  will  then  proceed  to  Cham- 
blee  and  destroy  every  magazine  you  can  find  in 
that  quarter.  These  proceedings  will  soon  be  known 
at  the  Isle  aux  Noix,  and  the  enemy  will  endeavour 
to  cut  off  your  retreat ;  therefore  your  safest  course 
will  be,  to  cross  the  river,  and  return  on  the  east 

•Tbe  General  with  the  main  army  proceeded  b/  the  Oawego 


r< 


\ 


ng  to  Albany 
possessed  in 
'  the  Isle  aux 
Oalette. 
that  Quebec 
he  desiffn  of 
,  with  direc- 
ite  the  coun- 
lace,  endear- 
[  prolong  the 
he  river.     I 
tttions  ofthfe 
I,  to  retreat ; 
;  the  expense 
>ws. 
ment  of 


irs,  a 


SUE 

e  Light  in- 
sr  convoy  of 
safe  place, 
the  follow-  - 

te,  in  such  a 

t  being  dis- 

where  you 

St.  Johns ; 

IS,  or  what- 

e  troops  at* 

d  to  Gnam- 

can  find  in 

n  be  known 

endeavour 

afest  course 

)n  the  east 

'  the  OawegQ 


THE  rREIfCH  WA». 


101 


..  wh..  pLes  he"Ly  iooT  ouTJi'r  yV""  "'""' 

JEFF.  AMHERST. 

cr^7j^'    7^*^*'|««^°^e«^fuctions,theGen." 
riv  at&.  ™^V'"^^  ^^'•^^^^^  'o  General  Mu"- 
Ks^ol'rs'pTslr'^"^^  have  it  conveyed  to. 

men  ,„  four  vessels,  taking  on  board  our  boats  fhd 

Suv  for"S!»  '^^'  *>  «"e'ny  might  have  no  Zortu^ 
nity  for  discoverinff  our  designs.  mf 

Junes.     Lieut.  Holmes  landed  at  Missifetti  Rftv       \ 
with- orders  to  proceed  to  Wigwam  Mar  inS     TK  ^ 

S  s  «tutr  ^^  -^T.*^' '«  ^^"-  for  h-^and^;; 
his  retur«  to  receive  h.m  on  board,  on  his  making 


t  I 
^ 


>'    ] 


9* 

%            *" 

^ 

■  1 

" 

• 

'   / 

• 

'-> 

- 

'^- 

- 

uB 

lOS 


1  ' 


■EMiNifccNo^s  or 


certain  sigi^lB.     From  this  place,  I  deBpatched  iUo 
,   General'g  letter  IQ' Brigadier  Mu fray,  by  Sergeant 
Beverly,  with  the  following  instructions.      "^ 

f  ?^ ol^^'^'^i'f  ^^'i  *°  '^''•^  ""'^•^'"  your  command, 
Johh  Shutc,*  Luxford  Goodwin,  and  Joseph   East-' 
^an,  and  proceed  under   the  conv(^    o(   Lieut. 
Holmes,  to  Missisqui    Bay  and  land  m  the  night  • 
atherwisp  you  may  be  discovered  by  a  mrty  from' 
Isle  aux  Noix.     You  will  tl.en  steer  a  nprth  easterly 
cour3e,and  proceed  with  all  possible  despatch  to  Que- 
bec, or  to  the  Eii;»nsh  army  at  pr  n^ar  that  cltjr ;  af»^ 
deliver  the  letter  intrusted  to  y^ur  care  to  Britrudier  ~ 
^lurray,   or  to  the  officer  commanding  His  Rlajes-  '"^ 
ty'8  forces  in  or  upon  the  river  St.  Lawrence.     You 
Jmve  herewith  a  phtn  of  the  coifntry,  that  vou  may   . 
know   the    considerable  rivers  between   Alissisqui 
Bay  and  <i!iebec.     Th«  distances  are  marked  in  the 
draught,.as  is  the  road  I  travelled  last  fall  to  St.Fnm- 
cis,  which  road  yon  will  cross  sevtral  times.     The 
rivers  you  will   k;iow  by  their   description,  when 
you  come  to  them. 

The  river  St.  Francis  about  midway  of  your  jour- 
ney, is  very  still  -water,  and  may  be  easily  rafted 
where  you  will  cross  it  ;  lower  down,  it  is'so  swift 
and  rapid,  that  a  passage  must  not  be  attempted. 

Chaadiere  river  you  will  pass  on  a  raft,  it  is  rap- 
Id  for  f  ome  miles  above  its  mouth,  and  should  Se 
well  examined  before  yon  cross  it.  On  passing  this 
•river,  lay  your  course  east  leaving  Point  Lc'Vi  on  ' 
the  left,  and  strike  the  St.  Lawrance  nearthe  low- 
er end  of  the  Isle  of  Orleans,  as  possibly  Gen.  Mur- 
ray niay  be  encamped  wUh  the  army  on  that,  or  the 
Isle  of  Qnadoa.  Vou  are  directed'to  look  out  for  tho 

•John  Shuttf  was  ^son  of  one  of  iho  neutral  Fnjnoh.  taken  it 
Chobucto  m  the  war  of  |745,  He  W.is  an  active  woodsman  and 
*  g|.t»d  LiJun  hunter.  He  settled  in  Concord  N.  H.  where  h. 
d.od  in  1823  aged  too  y«ar8.  See  Shuie'js  account  of  h«  Joww 
■07  Mj  the  Appendix.  J  «« -uur- 


4 


.   \ 


T  . 


convey  you  to  lt|,c  h^JZ'     u       """"'n"""  -will 
re^d  from  %l,rX.i^,^„'^*-X """>"'  ""'"'•"" 

es,  on  account  of  tt^',:^;*"^,^°"^-^«'«^  the  bush: 

which  coutinAcd  asTear  o,     vS''*^  "l^^^*  ^^'^^> 

with   safely,  „,.til   X  Sa  ir    r„''/'r-"   ^^^'^^ 

.   boats  would  watch  ou   Jlooni^Il  n^.T     i' '''"-/**«' ^ 

to  send  tliein  back  to   Moftri        ,''**'  '  ^^^''^'udej 

to  that  efll-ct.     fi  e  enZ  "    ?^*'  ^"^  S'  ^  direction- 

-cS^covered  my   landinrL^lI      T"""  °*^  ^"  "'S^^^ 

force  from  th'e .i "andf i.  " „t"off'  ""'"'"-  A^ 

«cout«  discovered  firSr  intention      '7  ^'"'^J^-     ^X 

number  a.  ti.ey  croS  from  rFrrl^rttfH  "T  « 
«n!ikiiior  it   350      At  h^r  ,.    /,""'"  their  boats, 

,   briski;  attacked.     My^riSu   .^n"'*^'  '^^  ^f  ^^'«» 

*  »>^g'Whichtheenemydid  fo  ve^f.l P'*^'^^^^^^^^^   ^^^  « 

which  however,  by  ^the  eX  of  ^  ^''^'  *'"^'' 
Rangers  under  hJnt  T?„.-^.  "'®  ''i?'^^'  seventy 
foil  Spoa  thei    rear    S":;'"«t<'">  Passed  round,  anS    ' 

inen  pursued  them  on/rar^wS^  ^"i 

into  smalJ  pariie.,  and  took  ref^aeTn  u  t  :'^P"'**v"^    * 
swamp.    Bv  thU  »;«.«  ♦!       V*"*®  *"  "  thick  i-edar 

that  L.4„  WooToftl  ll'h  n""'  ''^"?  '  '^'■-' 


; 


/ 


JS6-, 


\ 


=S=r^^:=tp 


■/- 


104 


REMIMnCENCES   OF 


■■I 
A 

I 


i. 


^i' 


.> 


the  left  arm,  and  afso  wounded  in  the  head.  Six- 
teen Rangers  were  killed,  and  eight  Rangers,  and 
two  men  of  the  Li^ht  Infajitry  wounded.  Forty 
Frenchmen  fell,  their  commander  Mons.  La  Force 
was  wounded  (mortally)  with  several  others  of  his 
men  we  took  50  muskets.  After  the  action,  we 
embarked  with  our  killed  and  wounded,  and  return- 
ed io  the  Isle  of  Motte,  near  which  the  brig  fay. 
One  of  f he  vessels  was  despatched  to  Crown  Point, 
having  on  board  the  corpse  of  Mr.  Wood,  and  Capt. 
Johnson,  (who  died  on  lys  passage  thither)  with  or- 
ders to  return,  with  more  provisions.  I  buried  the 
remainder  of  our  dead,  upon  a  small  Island,  and 
prepared  for  a  second  landing.  Being  joined  by 
the  Stockbridge  Indians,  we  determined  at  ail  events, 
to  execute  our  orders;  and  the  better  to  conceal  our 
motions,  I  left  the  following  directions  with  Cap- 
tain Grant. 

"  You  will  immediately  fall  down  the  Lake  with 
your  vessels  as  far  as  Windmill   Point,  and  cruise 
there  two  or  three   days  to  attract  the  attention  of 
the  enemy  from  my  motions.     When  I  suppose  you 
arc  near  the  Point,  my  party  will  land  on  the  west 
side,  opposite  the   north  end   of  the  Isle  of  Motte, 
near  the  river  which  enters  the  Bay  at  that  place. 
If  we  are  not  attacked,  we  shall  return  on  the  east 
side  and  endeavour  to  join  you  near  Windmill  Point, 
or  somewhere  between  that  and  the  Isle  of  Motte. 
Our  signal  will  be  smoke  and  three  guns  discharged 
in  succession  at  a  minute's  interval  ;  the  signal  to  be 
repeated  iit  half  an  hour.     But  should  we  be  attack- 
ed before  reaching  our  destination,  in  case  we  have 
the  worst  of  the  contest,  you  may  expect  us  to  make 
the  above  signals  on  the  west  side  between  the  Isle 
of  Motte  and  the  place  of  our  action  on  the  6th 
instant.    As  the  time  of  our  return  is  uncertain,  I 
recommend  that  you  should  not  come  south  of  the 
Itte  of  Motte  as  a  contrary  wind  may  prevent  your 


=¥= 


THE  FRENCH  WAR. 


105 


getting  in  to  relieve  me.  Sergeant  Hacket*  and  ten 
.Kaneers,  will  remain  with  you  in  my  absence.  I 
would  advise  not  to  send  parties  to  the  Island  to 
take  prisoners,  until  the  fifth  day  after  my  landing; 
»  ^m!  ni""'  «f  a  pan,  may  be  a  serious  misfortune  It 
nlV  H  f  '^'^^n''^^  our>tentionsto  the  enemy, 
mh  ;n^1Z!!'7'"  /robably  return  between  the 
nth  and  16th  days  from  his  departure,  to  Missisqui 
Jay,— one  of  the  sloops  may  cruise  for  him,  off  the 

»ay-  , 

.» i"T  -^t    w  '*"'**^  *®  '*»«  number  of  200  men 
at  midnight,  ion  the  west  shore  opposite  La  Motte^ 
and  marched  with  all  despatch  foVSt.  Johns.         (fi 
On  the  evening  of  the  Iflth,  w^cameto  the  roa?*^ 
leading  from  that  Port  to  Montreal.     At  eleven  at 
niffht,  we  advanced  within  400  yards  of  the  Fort ; 

7.^^*  r  T"y  T""^  ^""""^  *«  ^  «»^«nger  than  was 
expected.  Seventeen  sentinels  were  so  well  posted 
about  the  Fort,  that  surprise  was  impossible. 

rhey  discovered  nay  scout,  and  fired  giins  in  alarm, 
upon  which,  we  retired  at  two  o'clock  and  proceed- 
ed down  river  to  St.  d'Etrese.     This  place  was  re- 
connoitred  at  day  break.     The  enemy  had  here  a 
stoccade  Fort,  proof  against  small  arms.    We  obser- 
ved withm  It,  two  large  store  houses,  aiid  that  the 
enemy  were  carting  hay  into  the  Fort.     We  watch- 
Jd  an  opportunity  when  the  cart  had  just  entered 
«e  gate   way,  rushed  forward,  and  took,  the  plwe 
before  they  could  close  the  gate.    Different  parties 
„     JSr®  ™«*"  *"?«  proceeded  to  the  several  hou- 
»es,  (fifteen  in  number)  which  were  near  the  earri- 
Sn";!.''??^®''*  *'!  '""•P'-ised  without  firing  a  gun. 
In  the  Port  were  found  twenty  four  soldieri,  and  in 
the  houses  seventy  eight  prisoners  including  wo- 

ChJmbli     P- '  r     ?'^'?'  y«""S  men  esca^d  to 
Lhamblee.    Finding  by  a^  examination  of  the  pris- 

•Aftfrwards  a  eel«brated  ahip  boildsr  at  Portwnoutli. 


•  ••       *  a.  » 


-'-m'-SSi 


'  «i.itmst 


1 1  -f' 

-if 


106 


RBMIMBCEIfCEa    OF 


% 


r   «id 


oners,  that  we  could  not  attack  Cliambiee  with  any' 
prospect  of  success,  we  burnt  the  Fort  and  village, 
destroying  a  large  magazine  of  hay  and  provisions, 
with  every  batteau  and  cunoe,  killed  the  cattle  and 
horses,  de^stroycd  the  waggons,  and  every  thing 
which  could  be  of  any  service  to  the  enemy.  To 
the  women,  and  children  I  gave  a  pass  to  Montreal, 
directed  to  the  officers  of  the  several  detachments 
under  my  command.  After  this,  wc  continued  our 
march  to  the  east  side  of  Lake  Champlain.  While 
passing  Missisqui  i>ay  opposite  the  Isle  aux  Noix,  my 
advanced  guard  engaged  with  that  of  a  detachnient 
of  800  French,  who  were  in  quest  of  me  ;  but  the 
enemy's  main  hfTd^f  being  one  mile  behind,  the  ad- 
vance retreated  to  my  great  satisfaction.  We  pur- 
sued our  march  to  the  Lake,  where  a  small  party 
had  been  sent  to  repeat  the  signals,  found  the  boat* 
waiting  for  us,  and  immediately  embarked,  thus 
escaping  the  enemy  who  appeared  in  full  force,  a 
few  minutes  after.  Mr.  Grant  like  an  able  and 
faithful  officer,  performed  every  thing  required  of 
him,  patiently  waiting  with  his  vessels,  and  finally 
securing  the  retreat  of  the  party. 

Several  of  our  prisoners  had  been  at  the  siege  of 
Quebec,  they  reported,  that  the  French  lost  500 
men  ;  and  after  bombarding,  and  cannonading  the 
place  >  twelve  days,  they  had  retired  to  "Jack's 
Quarters,"  where  General  Levi  had  left  600  Regu- 
lars and  400  Canadians  ;  that  the  remainder  of  the 
troops  were  quartered  by  two's  and  three's  upon  the 
inhabitants  from  that  place  to  St.  Johns  ;  in  Mont- 
real 100  troops  only,  were  stationed  ;  the  inhabi- 
tants th^pnisclves  doing  duty  ;  that  Chamblee  Fort 
contained  150  men  including  workmen  ;  and  the 
remnants  of  the  Queen's  Regiment  were  in  the  vil- 
lage ;  that  there  were  twel^re  cannon  at  St.  Johns 
and  300  men,  including  workmen,  who  were  obli- 
ged to  take  up  arms  at  a  moment's  warning ;  that 


■*. 


•  ■'•■•» ...» 


♦  a»  •-.♦h^..^**.^  , 


►   -.^  ■•.fc.#Ht-., 


"if  "  ■ 


THE  rREIfCH  WAS. 


107 


300  men  were  stationed  at  the  Isle  aux  Noiz,  vtiXXi 
100  pieces  of  cannon. 

On  the  21st  the  twenty  six  prisoners  under  a 
guard  of  fifty  men  were  despatched  in  one  of  the 
•vessels  to  Crown  Point,  while  the  others  remained 
(to  cover  Mr.  Holmes'  retreat.  He  joined  us  tl|e 
same  evening,  having  failed  in  his  enterprise,  by  mis- 
taking a  river  which  falls  into  the  Sorell  for  that  ; 
called  Wigwam  Mariinic  which  falls  into  the  Qt. 
Lawrence  near  St.  Francis.  We  reached  Crown 
Point  June  ^3,  and  encamped  on  Chimney  point, 
opposite  the  Fort. 

The  General  wrote  me  from  Canajoharie  soon  af- 
ter my  return  expressing  himself  very  well  satisfied 
with  our  proceedings.  Preparations  were  now  ma- 
king for  the  army  to  advance  into  Canada.  And  on 
the  16th  of  August  the  embarcation  was  eficcted  in  .  ^-^ 
the  following  order.  Six  hundred  Rangers  and  sev- 
enty Indians  in  whale  boats,  in  a  line  abreast  formed 
the  advanced  guard  at  the  distance  of  half  a  mile 
from  the  main  body.  These  were  followed  by  the 
Light  Infantry  and  Grenadiers  in  two  columns  under 
CdloncI  Darby.  The  right  wing  was  composed  of 
Provincials  commanded  by  Brigadier  Ruggles  (of 
Boston)  who  was  second  in  command.  The  left 
was  made  up  of  New  Hampshire  and  Boston 
troops,  under  Col.  Thomas.  The  17th  and  27th 
Regiments  formed  the  centre  column,  under  Major 
Campbell.,  Col.  Haviland  was  p4^sted  in  front  of 
these  divisions,  between  the  Light  Infantry  and 
Grenadiers.  The  Roya!  Artillery  under  Colonel 
Orde,  followed  in  four  ridcaux.  In  this  manner, 
the  troops  moved  down  the  Lake  forty  miles  the 
first  day,  and  encamped  on  the  west  side.  Hth  we 
lay  by,  and  on  the  18th,  embarking  with  a  fresh 
south  wind,  proceeded  within  ten  mHei  of  the  Isle 
of  Motte.  The  roughness  of  the  water  split  one  of 
my  belts  and  ten  Rangers  were  drowned.     On  the 


108 


REMINISCENCES    0^ 


r 


19tli,  we  encamped  on  the  Isle  of  Motte.     On  the 
20th  we  proceeded  twenty  two  miles  further,  and 
came  in  si^ht  of  the  French  Fort.     At  ten  A#  M. 
Gol.    Darby  landed  his  Infantry  and  Grenadiers, 
the  Rangers  following  without  opposition,and  occu- 
pied the  ground  over  against  the  Fort.     Next  day 
batteries  were  raised  and  shells  thrown  into  the  Fort. 
On  the  25th  Col.  Darby  proposed  to  capture  the 
enemy's  rideaux  and  vessels  then  lying  at-  anchor. 
Two  companies  of  Regulars,  four  of  Rangers  and 
the  Indians  were  selected  for  the  service,  under  Col. 
Darby.     Two  light  howitzers  and  a  six  pounder 
were    silently    conveyed    through    the  trees,  and 
brought  to  bear  upon  the  vessels,  before  they  were 
aware  of  our  design;     The  first  shot  from  the  six 
pounder  cut  the  cable  of  the  great  rideau   and  the 
wind  blew  her  to  the  east  shore,  where  we  were  sta- 
tioned.     The  other  vessels  weighed  anchor  and 
steered  for  St.  Johns,  but  grounded  in  turning  a 
point  two  miles  below  the  Fort.   I  then  passed  down 
the  cast  thore,  crossing  a  river  30  yards  wide,  and 
arrived  opposite  the  vessels,  where  keeping  up  a 
fire  from  the  shore,  some  of  my  men  armed  with 
tomahawks,  swam  off  and  boarded   one  of  them. 
In  the  mean  time  Col.  Darby  captured  the  rideau, 
had  her  manned  and  took   the  other  two.     Col. 
Haviland  immediately  sent  down  men  sufficient  to 
work  the  vessels,  and  ordered  our  detachment  io 
join  the  army  that  night.  .  At  midnight  the  French 
evacuated  the  Island    and  reached  the  main  land, 
leaving  their  sick  behind  ;  and  next  morning  Col. 
Haviland  took  possession  of  their  Fort. 

The  second  day  after  the  departure  of  Monsieur 
Bonville,  Gol.  Haviland  ordei;ed  the  Rangers  to  pur- 
sue him  as  far  as  St.  Johns,  about  twenty  miles  down 
the  lake,  there  to  await  the  arrival  of  the  army; 
and  by  no  means  to  advance  any  nearer  to  Mon- 
treal.    At  day  light,  we  reached  St.  Johns  in  our 


A 


THE  FRENCH  WAK. 


109 


boats ;  found  the  place  to  be  on  fire,  and  that  the 
enemy  had  retreated.     Two  prisoners  who  were 
here  taken,  informed  that   Monsieur  Bonville  was 
that  night,  to  encamp  half  way  on  the  road  to  Mon- 
treal;  that  he  left  St.  Johns  at'  nine  o'clock  the 
night  before  ;  that  many  of  the  troops  Were  sick, 
and  thought  some  of  them  would  not  revLch.  the 
place  appointed  for  encampment,  until  late  in  th(fe 
afternoon.     It  being  now  seven  in  the  morning,  our  ' 
men  were  directed  to  fortifv  the  houses  that  stood 
near  the  Lake  shore,  in  ordef-  to  protect  th9  bat- 
teaux,  while  the  remainder  should  pursue  Monsieur 
Bonville.    At  eight  o'clock,  I  left  the  boats  and  bag- 
gage under  the  protection  of  200  Rangers,  wjliilst 
with  400  others  and  the  two  Indian  companies,  I 
pursued  the  track  of  the  French  army,  now  con- 
sisting of  1500  French  and  100  Indians.     In  order 
to  fender  their  dance  a  little  more  merry,  we  pur- 
sued with  such  diligence,  as  to  overtake  their  rear 
^ard  two  miles  before  they  reached  th^ir  encamjp- 
mg  groiind.    y[e  immediately  attacked  and  broke 
them,  th^  not  exceeding  200  men,  and  j[>ursued 
the  main  body  in  good  order,  expecting  their  Glen- 
erai  would  make  a  stand.     This  he  did  not  choose; 
but  pushed  forward  to  the  river,  where  he  intend- 
ed to  encamp  ;  and  having  crossed,  broke  down  the 
bridge,  which  put  a  stop  to  my  advance.    The  cn- 
emv  encamped  within  a  good  breast  work,  whijch 
had  previously  been  prepared  for  their  reception. 
In  this  pursuit,  we  somewhat  lessened  their  numbers, 
and  returned  in  safety.     In  the  evening  Colonel 
Haviland^i  detachment  arrived  at  St.  Johns,  where 
they  encamped  ;  and  next  day  proceeded  down  the 
Sorell,  as  far  as  St.  d'Etrese,  and  there  fortified 
their  camp. 

From  this  place,  I  proceeded  with  my  Rangers 
down  the  Sorell,  to  bring  the  inhabitants  under 
subjection  to  his  Brittanic  Majesty.    We  entered 
10 


•'•"^ 


i''^ 


HO 


BEiimiscEKCEs  ar 


l^  : 


f  i 


■■% 


the  sealed  parts  pi  their  country  by  night,  collect- 
ed  all  their  priests  and  Militik  officer!,  ind  des- 
patched  them  to  assemble  the  inhabitants,  who  were 
ver^  willing  to  take  the  oath  of  allegiance,  S 
their  possessions,  and^surrender  their  trms.  Afte? 
i«H'hTn^T.^^  Col  Darby  at  Chamblee,  where  he 
had  brought  several  pieces  of  light  artillery  to  re- 
duce the  fort ;  but  as  the  garrison  consisted  of  bS 
Wly  men,  the  place  soon  surrendered  at  discre- 

nnSSt:.  ^'^  ,1  ^"^^'■"y  ^»*vi"g  nothing/further  to 
perform  and  having    received    favorltle    intelli- 

len?r«I  r  ^^V"^  ^?^^'''^'  and  Brigadier 
JSeneral  Murray,  I  was  despatched  to  join  the 
lat  er;  and  on  the  .6th  reached  LonguevfC  f«ur 
miles  below  Montreal,  opposite  BrigaLr  MSrav's 
camp  and  reported  myself  to  himfon  the  mo?n 

b«^n!  hT""*^'  At  this  time,  General  Amherst 
had  lanckd  his  troops  about  two  miles  from  the 
town  Early  on  the  same  morning.  Monsieur  Vau- 
fn7hlr'  Governor  and  CommaSder  in  Chirf  of 
all  the  Canadas,  proposed  a  capitulation  to  our  Gen- 
eral, the  articles  of  which  were  signed  on  the  "Lhth 
and  on  the  same  evening,  our  troop,  took  pS 
sion  of  the  gates  of  Montreal.  Next  mornCThe 
un§e  CorHk.  r  ^  Grenadiers  of  the  whole  afmy! 
^n^  c  1 P^^?™'^"'  ^»tJ»   two  pieces   of  cannon 

and  several  howitzers,  entered  the  town.  Among 
the  trophies  here  recovered  were  the  colours  which 

\^}^Ti  }'i  P«PPer?l'«  and  Shirley's  regiments 
which  had  been  captured  at  Oswego.  8'"*^*'" 

i\I^lt  r  ^  ^"r  °^.  ^^^  campaigns,  Montreal  and 
the  whole  Canadian  territory  became  subject  to  the 
King  of  Great   Britain.     T^hen   we  coSer  tJi: 

*Gen.  Amherst  with  the  main  bodv  of  tl.«  »™«        -  j 
cingby  the  w.y^f  Lake  On^Zifo^Xt^^iiri^flZ' 
from  Quebec,  in  reducing  Montreal.      '^""P*"'*  "'i''  *''•  ""y 


l«Mi^ 


.^^>ii^j^:,mt^A^ 


HS^bMi, 


t- 


THE    FREirciI    WAR. 


Ill 


great  extent  of  country  acquired  by  thi^  conquest ; 
the  opportunities  for  extensive  commercL  the  secu- 
rity thereby  afforded  to  the  Provinces  ofiNew  York 
and  New  England ;  and  the  irretrievable  loss  sus- 
tained by  Prance,  the  reduction  of  Ciuiada  may 
justly  be  considered  as  one  of  the  most  limportant 
events  in  English  history  ;  an  event  which  in  its 
consequences,  will  render  the  year  1 760  more  con- 
ducive than  any  preceding  it,  to  the  safety  and  glo- 
ry of  the  British  Empire. 

To  this  acquisition,  could  we  have  addeli  the  ex^' 
tensive  and  fertile  Province  of  Louisiana,  We  shoul^ 
have  possession  of  the  most  valuable  territory 
the  face  of  the  globe,  which  exhibits  more  real 
vantages,  than  the  golden  regions  of  Mexico  akd 
Peru  ;  and  which  would  forever  have  depifved  the 
French,  those  inveterate  enemies  to  British  prosper- 
ity, of  opportunities  for  reacting  those  sclpnes  of 
barbarity,  which  have  disgraced  their  most  bri|1iant 
achievements  in  America. 

Sept.  9.  General  Amherst  directed  the  tuingers 
to  prepare  for  an  expedition  to  Detroit ;  andAon  the 
12th  issued  the  following  order. 


ti 


By  his  Excellency  Jeffrey  Amherst  Es( 
Ckneral  and  Commander  in  chief  of  Hi 
ty's  forces  in  North  America  &c.  &c. 


Major 
Majes- 


idc 


To  Major  Rogers  of  His  Majesty's  independent 
companies  of  Rangers.  /  \ 

"  You  will  upon  receipt  of  this,  proceed  with 

*Thc3e  Provinces  are  now  all  that  remain  t<y  Great  Britaii^ 
of  her  vast  empire  in  America.    Within  fifteen/  years  from  thili 
period,  her  other  Provinces  threw  off  the  yoke  of  allegiance  J 
«nd  conducted  by  many  of  the  heroes  who  hap  acquired  expert-^ 
ence  in  these  wan,  were  able  to  subdue  her  armies  ;  and  estab- 
Utjb^tbe  west,  a  powerful  rival  in  arts,  amp,  and  commerce. 


— iiggMiiirMyiiiiii*" 


„/\ .«»..., 


•  -r-  r-:-..TOIir'Tg"^g-->UfiW<«!WaWPW»9 


-  «•    ■;,■■ 


112 


»EMHH8CIKci|  jljr' 


'» 


^f 


•  i 

n 

■'■>  b 

m 


-   !  ;i 


.of  Detroft  and  /^i„f  r    u       ,    .    '  *" ^"'jaWtant 

you  any  assistance  you  mav  reanlr^S  aI-  '®"^^^ 
Monsieur  Gamelin,  whT™  T/^    ^  '**^*''*''  "P 
.    taking  df  that  Portr^r  J?1^^5  P"'^°^^'  «*  '*»« 
said  ^a  t'leuMo  ^h^rLbita^^^^^^^^ 
upon  taking  the  oath  of  aS^  i' H^ '  ,J^^^ 

peaceable  enio^meSf^^i^^';oX^^^^  ^^,? 

nett  proceed  to  Presaue  W*.    « JS  ^'  i  ^"  ^»" 

yo6r  W„  to  the  cSmanS?  aMhaTtV^r 
^ill  there  leave  vour  wliai«  kL*        i     P°"*     *<*" 

detachment,  p7„S„g53^l«fc*Je«mlT'K"VT 

^p.t;:-r»s:r^--sf£S 

rearguard  to  prevoit   its  IffoH^-  touae  wa,  burned  by  the  Am 

1«  sarrice  until  the  tnd^Zl  ^ar  '»"'*"'•>  «""*  «oitinued 
mon  abilitiea  ;  was  atruck  w5r«Ik  .^  T"  •  ""  °*"  ""^O"' 
i«.v.r  fit  for  bMinesa^SSn  ai  KeS*?/.'"^  "  ""'  *»«>  ''^ 
«d  died  at  AJbany  wSoS  i««S  h1.  n"u '  ^'f "  •^•'w.rd. 
White  of  Lanca-t/, Coo.  V»Z  AfdV-Sf^^  *"•  ««»•  «'«- 


S?l85rti>!^.j,_,^    ^  r- 


^' 


THB   FRENCH  WAR. 


113 


i  • 


igers,  in  whale 
ing  ^ith  you, 
,  an  inhabitant 
ant  Engineer. 

your   voyage 
:e  transportJAg 
to  Lake  Erie. 
ra,  will  render 
nd  deliver  up 
risoner,  at  the 
Jted  with  the 
Detroit,  where 
ioHis  Maieg. 
by  the  capitu. 
tected  in  the 
y.    You  will 
make  known 
t  post.    You 
most  of  your 
nder  by  land, 
he  may  Be. 
r  «uch  orders 
garrisons  at 
ackinac,  and    / 

arms  of  the  / 
th  of  ^legi.  ' 
1  to  the  said 
ench  troops, 
ton  shall  di« 


nd  came  awty 
led  by  the  Am. 
9  enemy.  He 
I  and  continued 
nan  of  uncom* 
17S6,  and  was 
'»  aAerwardL' 
le  Hon.  Mosec 


After  completing  this  service,  you  will  march 
your  detachment  back  to  Presque  Isle,  or  Niagara, 
according  to  the  orders  you  receive  from  Gen. 
Monckton,  and  leaving  your  boats  in  charge  of  the 
officer,  at  one  of  those  posts,  march  your  detach- 
ment by  land  to  Albany,  or  wherever  I  may  be,  to 
receive  further  orders.  '' 

Given  under  my  hand  at  Head  Quarters,  in  the 
Camp  at  Montreal  12th  Sept.  1760.  ^ 

JEFF.  AMHERST. 

By  his  eKcellency's  command, 

J.  Appr. 

An  additional  order  was  given  to  be  shewn  only 
to  the  commander  of  the  different  posts  I  might 
touch  at;  the  objects  of  the  expedition  being  kept  ee- 
cret,  lest  the  hostile  Indians  through  whose  country 
I  was  obliged  to  pass,  should  impede  our  iparch. 
The  orders  was  as  follows. 

"  Major  Walters  or  the  commander  at  Niagara, 
will  judge  whether  there  is  a  sufficiency  of  provis- 
ions at  Presque  Isle  ;  and  Major  Rogers  will  accord- 
ingly take  provisions  from  Niagara  or  not,  as  the 
case  may  be.  From  Montreal  to  Fort  Wm.  Augus- 
tus, will  require  eight  davs  provision ;  from  that 
post,  he  will  take  a  sufficient  quantity  to  proceed 
to  Niagara.  Major  Rogers  knows  whither  he  is 
going,  and  what  provisions  he  will  want.  A  quan- 
tity should  also  be  in  store  at  Presque  Isle,  for  the 
party  Gen.  Monckton  will  send. 

JEFF.  AMHERST. 
'  Montreal,  12  Sept.  1760.  / 

Sept.  IS,  1760.  In  pursuance  of  these  orders, 
we  embarked  at  Montreal  in  fifteen  whale  boats. 
The  detachment  was  composed  of  Gapt.  Brewer, 
Gapt.  Waite,  Lieut.  Brheme  of  the  Engineers,  Lieut. 
Davii  of  the  Royal  Artillery  and  two  hundred  Ran- 
^ 10* 


i 


>^ 


I'm. 


"  '^  '-f^iw^^fC^'^'TWiwy'p'"' 


m  ■  j'afe.^ 


ff^: 


114 


RByim«cENcB«  or 


16th.  Madman  bland  in  Lnl.  «.    «•        • 
ncit  n  irht  encamnnl  w.  .k        °  "'■  "•'«:■»>  and 
foot  of  the  uM^'^m.      the  western  .hore,  at  the 

site  ;  numW  ?s!.T'  ""  ""  """"  ""'«'  "PP- 

.nd  VuhTS,vT„'''*  '•'■^ '"'  "«  «W'«"«'. 

had  bMn  d.mS  ZKl  .'•<'P«'™g  our  boat,  which 
RangerwereCnT^A''"  "?'*•  Ten  sick 
witf  di^i^nfer«ir„':r^^^^^^  •"'■='" 

T^'^t'li^^ed  tl°™^»" '^^k^^- 
intheeveni„nuhenarro^"''  "'"'•"'J  h"""! 
but  upon  theVini^'  ab"t?„" .T^S'  ^  '"""*: 
barked,  rowed  the  rem3r  of  tTe  S'  Zl  T 
folio winff  dav  until  «r«  -«    u   "'","*§'">  and  the 

Port  Fro*n.S;where"°a  patrlft.ut'b"'."''' 
from  Oswegaehie,  were  enSmwd  ThJ  „.?"?" 
proving  stormy  attended  witrClll.  „f  '"  ^Z 
nun,  enabled  us  td  take  «  nlah  T.k  "f  .T"  •""■ 
ated  at  the  bottom  ^  .  iPi  t  ""f  '1^''  '<"•'>  «'"■ 
hundred  4esonanHhJl  "^f  '"'!:'™'"'-  ^i™ 
Fort,  a  few  pine  l^  wt^ll"?^- '"""">  "•« 
dt„a.i,nwa,';ery;S:Ur'""  '"»*'>««»'>  He 

«f^h.    i-Mert-o'nntr^JZ^rSn" 


*ssw!aBfflBass££S5asa»BwSSlr^ 


a  Chien ;  next 
I  to6k  a  survey 
:a,  and  Canese- 

Francis,  and 
I  shore,  at  the 

asceaded  the 
th  shore  oppo- 

des  GWlettes, 
ir  boats  which 
ds.  Ten  sick 
to  Col.  Fitch, 
Llbony. 

mdj  but  the 
I'egachie,  and 
north  shore.- 
',  and  halted 
r  the  Islands; 
5'ht,  we  em- 
ght,  and  the 
scite  of  old 
lian  hunters 
he  next  day 
f  snow  and 
Id  fort,  situ- 
bour.  '  Five 
around  the 
ihgand  the 

r»  appeared 
^ere  highly 
la,  andiup- 
1  fowl. 
.  six  miles 
iver ;  thirty 
e  halted  to 
i  mountain 


THE   FRBNCH   WAR.  119    " 

bearing  S.  W.  which  we  reached,  in  the  nigC^f  and 
proveJ  to.  be  a  steep  rock  one  hundred  feet  high. 
The  atmosphere  now  became  foggy,  and  caused  us  ' 
to  mistake' our  course  sii  miles  ;  we  rowed  all  night 
and  breakfaste^'on  shore  at  eight  o'clock  next  mor- 
ning; then  reembarking  we  rowed  until  eisht  o'clock 
at  night,  and  landed  one  hundred  mi,les  from  Fron- 
tenac.  This  evening  we  passed  two  ismall  islands  at 
the  end  of  a  point  extending  far  into  ^he  Lake  ;  the 
fog  prevented  our  taking  a  particular  survey  of 
them.  Ik 

27,  This  4,ay  being  windy,  our  party  hunted 
deer  and  killed  a  great  many  of  thiuu— ^The  land 
was  |»por  and  rocky  as  is  generally  the  case,  oh  the 
north  shore  of  Ontario.  ^,The  timber  consists,  chief- 
ly of  hemlock  and'>pine. 

S8.  Steered  iS.  VV.  leaving  on  the  right,  a~  large 
bay  twenty  miles  wide,  the  western  side  of  which, 
terminates  in  a  point,  and  a  small  island.  Proceed- 
ing fifteen  jnilet  on  a  course  W.  by  S.  We  entered 
the  mouth  of  a  river  calledNby  the  Indians  the 
*'  Grace  of  man  ;,  there  we  encf^mped  and  found  50 
Mississagua  Indians  fishing  for  salmon.  Upon  our 
first  appearance,  tli  e  whole  party  men  and  boys,  ran  . 
down  to  the«hore  of  the  Lake,  and  in  order  to  tes- 
tify their  joy  at  the  sight  of  the  English  colours, 
continued  firing  their  ihuskets  Until  we  lYad  laildjg.d> 
They  presented  me  with  a  deer  fust  killed,  and  split 
in  halves  with  the  skin  on,  which  is  by  them  con- 
sidered, an  elegant  and  polite  present,  and  signifi- 
cant of  the  greatest  respect,.  I  informed  them  of  the 
success  of  their  English  brethren  against  their  fa^, 
thers  the  French,  with  which  they  pretended  to  be 
very  well  meased.^ 

In  the  ^cnlng  they  invited  my  men  to  fish  with 

*Indian  like  always  to  carry  tw9  faces. 


4 


» 


/ 


r 


I 


.  I  ■ 
} 

1 '. 


M 


r 


I'^rsrtrniiyiir^i^a.f^ 


rm-i^-m^ 


'ml'k'^.^- 


'A. 


116 


«EMIWI«CENCE8  Or 


r\ 


plmmd  with  their  spoS  and  th«  ;^. ''  """^  '^^Wy 
is  ratW  a  curious  one  """^"^^  *«'^^»«  »»»«  fiah 

oth^erstS"t%h  'lH^r  '""'^^^  -^'^^^  - 

.pawning  season  of  theTahno;  iS'  '^^"  "  '^^ 
soil  near  the  river  was  exSnt  }^T  l^'^'-  The 
'evel ;  the  timber  chiefly  Xa„H  "^  T^  ^«»»try 
gar  tree.*  ^^^^  ^'^  8"^  maple,  or  the  «u. 

W^cour!e''rnd  Dutf  .*'"  "^^'^  ^^^'^^^  on  a  W  S 

number  of  20,  who  nSlr?  „  •  .?""*"*g  ^^^^  to  the 
those  wehad  ;eceMom  tStr.^^^^ 
«te^.  of  ^  deer,  presented  .r.^  .^f^^^'-en  ;  biit  in- 
•plit  in  halves.  He  Ranlrh«T'^  '^  r""^  ^^r 
of  salmon.  ^The  land  waS&^X"''"?  **.'  ^  P'«»'y 
a^dark  colour.     The  baHl^^^^ 

south  west  M^rL  ^  tKi"'  *"^;  Proceeding  on  a 

oars,  we  reached  tCri^J^TS*^^^  .f  "**^-  «»S 
having  run  70  mUe..    uLtZ         '"  ^^^  evening, 
far  ,nto  the  Lake,   occSi  ff  P**'"^"  Projecting 
of  our  course.     We  Sed  !  k  ^W®"'  ^tefationf 

Jenrth,  behind  VhicffiianS?^  ""^^y  "»"««« 

(^  timbered  ^lrith  oik!  h^l.^^'^  level,  and 

^%hir8,  and  white  wooS'  ''J?^"*«'  °«»Pl^.»  wme 

edmwght.    The  sou  is  nri«^  T""***"*  appear^ 

of  3fK)lcresofcI^ridgr?rdS''T  J^^ 
wheij  formerly  stood  t^hTprif h  S^ 
1  he  deer  9re  very  plentv  in  thf.       -^  TorontB 
/  plenty  m  this  regipnj,   Soi^e  In- 


".  ■-■^^■■ 


m  hour,  fllJed  « 

•eturned  highly 

ntions  of  their 

taking  the  fish 

oroh,  while  an- 
r-  This  is  the 
je  parts.  TJie 
i  the  conntry 
'P'e,  or  the  su- 

»er  on  a  W.  $ 
1  the,  «  Life  of 
rig  here  to  the 
onipliments  to 
•^iren  ;  but  in- 
a  young  beAr 
ught  aplenty 
'il  rich  and  of 
k«  were  very 

ceedin^  on  a 
of  sails  and 
the  evening, 
ts  projecting 
It  alterations 
»ty  miles  in 
^  Tevei,  and 
naples,  come 
MtUi  appear- 
»y-  A  tra  ' 
ids  the  plai 
1^  To^ont^ 
I  Sonye  In. 

he  rock  mtyl* 
duteaa  nueh 


■^    ■^^ 


j%i*iSt 


THE  rRENCH  WAR. 


117 


diana  wno  were  at  thc^  mouth  of  the  ?iver,  were 
greatly  alarmed  at  our-  approach^  and  inn  into  the 
woodsi  They  cam^^to  jas  in  the  morning,  expres- 
sing great  joy  ^^^^'O^^'  oS  our  success  over  the 
French.  T^rW^^^^tf^^i  "  ^^^^  ^^  could  reacli 
Detroit  in  CioikjWysrtlat  when  the  French  tra- 
ced here,^.th^|^<nltfi8  brought  their  poultry  from 
M|pblU^tkinac7^Qi;<(n  the  river  TorontjOy  that  th«/,. 

Jo^^^pP^  only  twenty  miles  from  that j  to  a  rifer^~' 
illingmto-Lake  j^uron,  which  was  broken  by  some 
falls,  but  none  of  any  consequence ;  anct  that  there 
was  a  carrying  place  of  fifteen  miles  |ro.m  some  . 
WMterly  part  of  Lake  Erie,  to  a  river  running  with^ 
out  any  falls,  through  seversJ  Indian,  (Wns,  into 
Lake  Si.  Clair." 

Toronto  appeared  to  be  an  eligible  place  for  a 
Factory,  from  whiefe  the  British  Government  might 
very  easily  settle  the  north  side  of  £rie. 

Oct.  1.      Stttered  soofb' across  the  west  end  0f  . 
Lake  Ontario,  and  at  dark,  reached  ther  shore  fiVe^ 
miles  from  Fort  Niagara,  where  we  passed  the  night 
and  repaired  some  of  our  boats.; 

Oct.  2.  We  embarked  with  the  following  orders. 
The  boats  to  be  in  a  line,  If  the  wind  arose,  the 
'  red  flag  was  to  be  hoisted,  and  the '  boats  were  to 
crowd  nearer  each  other,  to  afford  assistance  in  case 
.  of  a  leak.  By  this  measure,  we  saved  the  crew  and 
arms  of  Lieut.  McCormick's  boat,  which  sprung 
a  leak  and  sunk,  with  no  other  loss  than  the  men's  . 
knapsacks-  We  halted  next  day  at  Niagara,  and 
were^m^plie^iWith  blaAkett,  coats,  shirts,  shoes, 
moctpipfl,  &c.  (8tc.  .  '-     ^^ 

We  also  received  eighty  barrels  of  beef,  and  §x: 
changed  tWo  whale  boats,  for  as.  many  batteaux, 
which  proved  leaky. 

Oct.  S.  In  the  evening  some  of  my  party  pro- 
ceeded with  the  provisions  to  the  Falls  ;  and  next 
morning  were  followed  bv  the  whole  detachment 


% 


...-■■      »  •      ■»      .    ^*^      «A     ■ 


■W  '■"-''    **»'■■ 


,* 


'  ' :  J  % 


lis 


'/■ 


REMINISCEWCES  or 


r- 


pied,  Messrs  Brheme  and  /)„!•  "^^'^  *^"«  ««««- 
and  took  a  survey  of  SJe^f/J**  Proceeded  onward 
the  roaring  of  which  l^Ju  f  ^^^'■**''  «<"  Niagara" 
tance  below.*  ^'  "^^  ''^^'^  '^t  some  ttiWc^s! 

clefsVo'jor^^^:^^^^^^^^^^^  or- 

embark^d  on  the  evenTn^  "f  [^."'^''"'.''1^*^  '«'«'  ' 
Brheme  and  Holmes  and  Lht  R.n    ^'^  ^^'^  ^'^^t^' 
noe,  leaving  Capt.  Brewer^n  "^"««"  «  a  bark  ca- 
ty  with  orders  to  p'o^dTo'T"'"^  ,^^  "^yj>«r- 
«ight  we  encamped  e^ghTmiles  „n?,f^"'.'^'"-     ^hat 
ra;  and  at  noon  the  next  dav?*^^  "^^'  ^^^ga- 
ters  of  Lake  Erie.     Leatin^a'  sS'k  "P*'-"*^^  wa- 
upon  our  left,  we  reached  tlfesS  ^^  °'  ^''^•^^ 
thence  we  proceeded  west  .LT '^  K^T.'^'^un'et; 
drew  up  on?  boats  uporf«,ndv V-  .'  "^         ' 

parture  until  e,evrn"oUlk^  ^T^'  P^^^^"*  «"r  de- 

,   ty  eight  miles  a^rs  ?nts  'w  1?  ^'^"  ^"*  *^«"- 
Oct.  8    •  Kf^  '      *"  «  «•  vv.  course. 

Presque  i4l?t"f  a^fC^t'^  T''"'  ^*  '^-'»*'^ 
till  three  o'clock,  when  mv  ft  *  ,  ^  remained  here 

-et  andassist  Capt.  B?e™rrfwVSf ^^^^^^^^^ 

r4irrtzrw?r;;^^^^^^^^^        at  t,^  ,„«.  J 

produ.tion«.  of  which,  unt.fS  e^n^/*"" '["'"'««»  of  natoe'! 
ever  riewed  thi«  wonder  of  f hJ  "'™{5"'«.«'na  Indioiu,  who  h&vA 
«vored  it  a»  the  dwelSig^of  sjjitr'^  "'"»  '••"«'»'"  "wJ.  .n3 


,  .';4;jaaujJi::j, ^yi.  im...- 


r-  - 


a  portage  of  the 
«vere  thus  occu- 
oceeded  onward 
ract  of  Niagara, 
some  miles  dis- 

Vand  I  had  or- 
Presque  Isle,  I 
th  with  Lieuts. 
>rs  in  a  bark  ca- 
ind  of  my  par- 
luelsle.     fhat 
'   river  Niaga- 
duponthewa- 
oay  or  fcreek 
hore  at  sunset; 
It  o'clock,  and 
«>  forty  miles 

event  our  de- 
ade  but  twen- 

5,  we  reached 
mained  here 
5  sent  back  to 
!srs.  Brheme, 

at  this  time,  to 
lest  of  nature's 
ad  only  heard, 
lans,  who  have 
ious  awe,  and 

6,  Erie  Canal,   "' 
"y  10,000  and 
"wnsinAnier- 


app«ndiz. 


arjfL 


TBK  PREMCH  WAR. 


119 


Holmes  and  myself  with  three  men,  in  a  bark  ca- 
noe furnished  by  Col.  Bouquet,  commanding  the 
post,  proceeded  to  French  Creek,  and  encamped 
that  night  half  way  on  the  road  to  Fort  du  Boeuf ; 
which  we  reached  at  ten  o'clock  next  day.  After  ^ 
three  hours  rest,  our  canoe  was  again  launched,  and  ^ 
we  proceeded  ten  miles  down  the  river,  and  en- 
camped at  the  second  crossitigs.  The  land  on  botk 
sides  of  the  stream,  appeared  to  be  very  rick,. and 
the  timber  large  and  valuable.  We  passed  the  night 
of  the  eleventh  at  the  Mingo  cabins  ;  and  on  the 
twelfth  lodged  at  Venango.  From  thence,  we  pro- 
ceeded down  the  Ohio,  and  on  the  17th,  delivered 
oar  despatches  to  Brig.  Gen.  Monckton  at  Pittsburg. 
We  left  P.  on  the  20th,  the  Greneral  promising  to 
forward  my  instructions,  by  Mr.  Crognan  ;  and  al- 
so to  despatch  Capt.  Campbell  to  I^esque  Isle,  with 
a  company  of  Royal  Americans. 

Oct.  30.  We  reached  the  Itile,  and  Capt.  Camp- 
bell arrived  the  next  day ;  Mv,  Brewer  with  the 
Rangers  from  Niagara,  had  reached  there  the  day 
before,  haying  lost  several  boats  and  part  of  the 
provisions. 

We  now  repaired  our  boats,  and  learning  that  a 
vessel  expected  from  Niagara  with  provisions,  had 
been  lost  in  a  gale  on  the  Lake,  Capt.  Brewer-  was 

*Pittaburg  is  situated  upon  the  peninsula  bounded  by  the  riv- 
ers Monongahela  and  Alleghenny,  as  they  unite,  and  form  the 
Ohio.  The  town  includes  the  ecite  of  old  Fort  Du  Qmesne,  or 
Fort  Pitt,  of  which  the  magazine,  a  stroBg  stone  structure  still 
remains.  It  was  against  this  place,  that  the  expedition  of  Gen. 
Braddoclfwas  directed.  About  nine  miles  from  P,  is  the  field  of 
his  defeat.-  The  marks  of  the  shot  are  still  visible  in  the  trees; 
and  the  Itll!hMr«f  the  slain  are  frequently  ploughed  up  in  cultiva- 
ting (he  soil.  Pittsburg  from  the  natural  advantages  of  its  Bit»- 
ation,  proBiiseB  to  be  one  of  the  greatest  manufacturing  towns  of 
America.  The  place  is  nearly  surrounded  by  high  molintainB  of 
coal,  and  such  vast  quantities  of  the  latter,  are  consumed  in  the 
Factories,  as  to  envelope  the  town  with  a  continual  clojud  of 
smoke  and  dust. 


^'$  **M 


I     a 


^ 


\ 

120 


'  «EMIirx«CBlfCE8  OF 


about  twenty  mile,  last  „fTi"  «>'.  further  order, 
fo.  md  Erie.  Brewer  w..  ?  "'"i'  i*'****  Hu- 
teau  to  ferry  bh^ttoZVj"""^^  "'*  «  bat- 
and  Capt.  iTonK?!  Sj'lnT^''  ''"  '"'"«. 
•he  «x  nation,,  DeUmii^jS  Sfc     '  "•^PO^ot 

Roger.  andC.pr.'c;rhir°i.^/'  'lose  of  Major 
Campbell  and  £,  coSiv  •  f?li       'v."*^'  Capt. 

S'b^-;^<>jf  "KmSll^e  ei  • 
hold  himjf™  j«^^»d  'h«  of  Mr  Waitf^^i^ 

Joat  in  dirtier.  In  mch  !^.i  "**'  '"  "«'««  any 
for  a  .ign.1.  When  ™he  S  wf"  "'"u "«  ^"^ 
Jke  boat,  cannot  BnsBri^Xl?  Wows  «o  hard  that 
bo  hoisted  in  the  Er"fc"lhr',t  "1  *«  "'" 

■"7' '"  "'^  •"- «- :  iiJthetr.rii.r 

-'Tno  ^und  to  pa  JiXriL'Sf"^^^        h«  had  «uK  ?£ 
'hofovanuaont-IOdoiS.    T^l      "«"°»  ««*««»•.  to  Ure^' 


?^-  j'  J^ 


THE  FRENCH  WAR. 


121 


ih 


are  desired  to  keep  their  boats  quartering,  in  which 
case,  no  injury  will  happen  in  any  storm  whatever. 
Ten  of  the  best  steersmen  of  the  Rangers  are  to  at- 
tend Capt.  Campbel^  and  company.  The  officers 
of  the  boats  will  hearken  to  the  steersmen  in  all  ca- 
ses in  a  storm.  At  evening  if  it  is  thought  best  to 
proceed  in  the  night,  a  blue  flag  will  be  hoisted  in 
the  Major's  boat ;  which  is  the  signal  for  the  boats 
to  dress.      . 

®*'^»*  "  not  to  pay  any  regard  to  this  or- 
der of  inai%]|j  but  to  steer  where  it  is  most  conven- 
ient f«r  ^imito  make  his  observations.  On  landing 
the  regulars  are  to  encamp  in  the  cefitre  j.,  Lieut. 
Holmes  and  Mr.  Croghan  with  their  men  on  the 
right  wing;  and  Mr.  McCormick  on  the  left  ;  Mr. 
Joquipe  with  his  Mohegan  Indians,  will  constitute 
a  piquet  and  encamp  in  front.  Each  wing  will 
keep  up  their  respectivejufirds ;  and  Lieut.  McCor- 
mick act  as  Adjutant.  The  generale  shall  be  beat 
when  ordered  by  the  Major,  as  the  signal  for  em- 
barking. 

There  shall  be  no  firing  of  guns  unless  by  per- 
mission, Of  in  case  of  distress.  No  man  is  to  go 
out  of  the  lines  unless  bjr  order.  Capt.  Campbell 
wUl  parade  and  review  his  men  whenever  he  shall 
think  pro^r.  Mr  Croghan  will  regularly  report 
to  the  Major,  what  intelligence  he  may  receive  from 
the  Indians  during  the  day. 

Nov.  4.  We  left  Presque  Isle  and  proceeded 
slowly  with  bad  weather,  and  reached  Chogagee 
river  on  the  7th,  where  we  fell  in  with  a  party  of 
Attawawa  Indians  returning  from  Detroit.  We 
informed  them  ofthe  reduction  of  the  Canadas, 
and  that  we  were  proceeding  to  Detroit,  to  bring 
away  the  French  garrison.  I  offered  them  a  beU 
and  proposed  that  they  should  go  with  me  to  De- 
troit, to  witness  the  result  of  the  expedition.  They 
retired  to  hold  a  council,  and  promised  an  answer 

11 


1     vl 


• ». 


REMIMSCENCES    OF 


1 


w 


in    the  morning.      That  evening  we  smoked  th. 
ca  umet  or   pape  of  peace,  all  th^e  officers  and   n 
dians  smoking  by  turns  from  the  same  pipe      The 
peace  being  thus  concluded,  ^e  went  to  rS  keet 
jng  a  strict  guard,  as  we  distrusted  their  sincerh? 
.  Jn  the  morning,  the  Indians  said  their  younl  waJri" 
x,rs  would  go  with  me,  while  the  old  ones  rema7n 
ed  to  hunt  for  their  wives  and<.hildren.  f  gaveS" 
ammunition    a  string  of  wampum,  anf  char 'd 
them  to  send  some  of  their  chiefs  iith  the  mftv 
who  drove  the  oxen  on  shore,   to  spread  theS 

therhVmr'  ^  ^"'  p--"^  ->•  --y-:  17: 

Bad  weather  detained  us  until  fhp  fiwAiftK   j     ■  , 
which  time  die  ln4ians  held  a  ^ittS  mart"  ol 

'  *l?oi?>  thfis  place,  we  proceeded  to   Pllr  ^- 

where  ^^.Ue,!  two  day/on  alt„.'„°f  S^S 

V  about  twenty  fi™  yard,  wide  *  "^  '"• 

*rom  this  we  proceeded  to    Sanduskv  I  air*  s 
a't^-Sr^'fon^:'  '"-■"•-■''  "PonTilJa.l'tef 

•Wild  tirkiaa  are  eren  now   vBr»  ni.n*.  •    .u  . 

stction  of  Ohio.  ^  P''"'y  '"  ""«  north-western/ 

tThe  little  river  Huion  which  fnl).  ,-♦..  .i.     .    ■ 

r«r.i»,  foniH&  br  «  b...li«H...j  ^?  **'  "■"  nowb,. 

..  it-  irm,,  -uVcS^S'lr,'"?'  '" 'PP.™™. 


I . 


T1'" 


■x-" 


'  *«!^   ■ 


THE  FRENCH  WAR. 


-123 


i*; 


From  this  place,  the  following  letter  wasi  des- 
patched to  Captain  Belpter,  the  commandant  at 
Detroit. 


i    I 


Sir, 

That  you  may  not  be  alarmed  at  the  approach  of 
the  E?;iglish  troops,  I  send  this  in  advance  by  Lieut. 
Brheme,  to  inform  you  that  I  have  €ren.  Amherst's 
orders  to  talie  possession  of  Detroit  and  its  depen- 
dencies, which  according  to  a  capitulation  signed 
on  the  eighth  of  September  last,  by  the  Mar(iuis  de 
Vaudreuil  and  Major  General  Amherst,  now  belong- 
ing to  his  Brittanic  Majesty. 

I  have  with  me  letters  from  the  Marquis  de  Vau- 
dreuil to  you  directed,  which  t  shall  deliver  upon 
arriving  at  or  near  your  Fort.  I  have  also  a  copy 
of  the  capitulation. 

I  am  Sir,  ^ 

very  respectfully, 

your  obedient  servant, 
'  R.  ROGERS. 


the  north-western/ 


The  land  on  the  south  shore  of  Erie  has  a  fine 
appearance ;  the  country  is  level,  the  timber  tall 
and  of  the  best  quality  :  such  as  oak,  hickory,  and 
locust ;  and  for  plenty  and  variety  of  game,  it  is  not 
exceeded  by  any  country  in  the  world. 

Nov.  20.  I  followed  Mr.  Brheme,  and  pro- 
ceeded nine  miles  to  a  river  three  hundred  feet^i 
breadth.  Here  we  found  several  Huron  SachenR, 
who  informed  me  that  400  Indian  warriors  were  as- 
sembled at  the  mouth  of  the  slrai^  to  obstruct  our 

1827)  was  vftam  and  delightful.  Here  Wirfirat  perceived  the  in- 
fluence of  Western  breezes.  We  could  not  have  desired  a  more 
favorable  specimen  of  the  climate,  so  soft  and  reviving  was  the 
air.  A  little  back  of  the  village,  is  an  opening  or  prairie,  where 
some  of  our  party  eh«aed  a  flock  of  wild  turkies  ^  killed  one  of 
them  and  a  plenty  of  black  squirrels." 


I  . 


r/ 


h  i 


124 


t 

REJIINISCEWOES    OP 


passage  ;  and  that  Mons.  Belpf Pr  ».«j        -.   . 

to  defend  their  country   that    ft.         *'''"***^   ^^^"^ 

to  demand  my  busings  •  uIa      u^  T""^  messengers 

had  sent  forwidhaTt'oidX  7ru3'Tha^  ^^  ' 
da  was.  surrendered  to  the   Fn  r  i'   ^*' *"  ^""a- 

the  account,  informfed  them  ttei'  f  "'"^^^ 
given  up  to  me,  and  aWimr  t?»  '  .'""  *^  ^« 
spoke  as  follow^/  *     ^  *'*®™  «  'a^ge  belt 

Brothers,  ^ 

and  telJ  tS^o  g^hol  tn  T^*^  ^^  *^«  '^'^^  ' 
arrive  at  the  Fort^  There  I  ^hSf  *:?r ''  "»"'  ' 
ter  Mons.  Beleter  is  sent  aLi  f  • 'u"'*/**''  y<>«  af' 
days  after  my  arriv^,"'  vJJ'  I^^" V^'"  "^^ '"  two 
your  own  cointrj:  Tell  your  1  ^'-^  ^^^PP^^  ^» 
,    '»»?ir  fathers  the  I^renchL^^^ore^^^^^^^^^  '"^"^ 

prisoners  to  the  Enfflish  who  K?'     ^  ^H^  "*■«  »^ 
houses  and  goods  unon  ♦!.  •  ■  '®^  ^^^^  their 

One  who  made  the  C,  St  'w""^  ^^^  S« ^''--t 
men.  They  are  yoThrJL  T®  «*  English- 
abuse  them.^  Whe^n  we  ml^  7'i?"^  ?**"  "»»«*  "ot 
^teV'1/^"  I^ayTtru?^^^^^*  '  ^^«'^  -' 

er  twenty  yar^'^Tdn^r  "'^V^^  ^"^^^^  ^  ^v, 

mprpcu^in^gfu^lTlt'^et^^^^^^^ 

dmgm  swamps.     Next  dav  «^«  i  *^"®  ^^<ynn. 

J«dar  point,  ^here^^^*  en^J^Lr  1!^  """'^  *^ 
the  Indians  whom  we  had  s^  /  V^  '°™®  «f 
€ametou8.  TheysafdtUir  '■'^**  ^^^^^  ''before, 
to  Mons.  Beleter,  ffoJilT  T'"'"'''  ^^'«  S°"«  »P 
d6d  to  fight  us.  VniheSth  ''"«'""".  ^"^  ^"tencf 
and  encLped  .pont  ^ong  ^17"^^  ^'^  T"|«' 
Indians  came  to   congratulfte  n«  L       ''  "i^^*  ^<^ 


] 


%,^ 


...V  ""-^  .  •"■*>,.,, 


OP 

lad  excited  them 
were  messengers 
ther  the  person  I 
h)  that  all  Cana- 
^-  I  confirmed 
etroit  was  to  be 
5in  a  large  beU 


hand.     Go  di- 
th  of  the  strait) 
■  towns,  until  I 
end  for  you  af- 
li  will  be  in  two 
live  happily  in 
mora  to  mind 
>r  they  are  all 
left  them  their 
ig  by  the  Great 
e  as  English- 
you  must  not 
Dit  I  shall  con- 
bank,  of  a  riv- 
rreat  diflSculty 
f  Erie  aboun- 
i  ten  miles  to 
fere  some  of 
days  before, 
were  gone  up 
n  and  intend 
ded  ?4  miles, 
'his  night  60 
ur  arrival  in 
to   Detroit, 
is  party  were 
t  up  an  high 


THE  FRENCH  WAR. 


1S5 


flag  staff,  with  a  wooden  effigy  of  a  man's  head  up- 
on the  top  of  it,  and  upon  that,  a  crow  ;  that  the 
crow  repre^nted  himself,  and  the  man's  head,  me ; 
meaning  tnat  he  would  pick  out  my  brains.  This 
artifice  however  had  no  effect,  for  the  Indians  told 
him  (as  they  said)  that  the  reverse  would  be  the 
true  explanation  of  the  sign.  At  the  mouth  of  the 
fitrait,  me  sachems  desirea  me  to  call  together  my; 
;  Jbfficers,  I  did  so  ;  and  we  spent  the  26th  in  concilia^ 
ting  their  savage  dispositions  to  peace  and  friend- 
ship. /  On  the  mornmg  of  the  27th  Mons.  Babec 
brought  me  the  following  letter. 


?c 


SiRi  \ 

1 1  hav6  read  your  letter  but  as  I  have  no  inter- 

reter  cannot- fully  understand  it.     Your  officer  in- 

'orms  me  that  he  was  sent  to  give  me  notice  of  your 

arrival  to  take  possession  of  this  post,  according  to 

toe  .capitulation  of  Canada.    I  beg  you  will  halt  at 

tjde  mouth  of  the  river,  and  send  me  Mons.  Vau- 

euil's  letter  that  I  may  conform  to  his  instruc- 

lone.    I  am  surprised  that  no  French  officer  accom- 

/  panies  you,  as  is  usual  iti  such  cases. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be  &c. 

DE  BELETEB. 
To  Major  Rogers, 
Commanding  the  English  detachment. ' ,  '  ' 

Shortly  ^er  this,  Capt.  Barrenger  with  &  French 
party  beat  a  parley  on  the  westerfi  shore.  Mr.  Mc- 
Cormick  went  to  him  and  returned  with  an  officer 
bearing  the  foliowing  letter. 

Sir, 

I  have  already  by  Mr.  Barrenger  informed  you  the 
I'^asons  why  I  could  not  answer  particularly  your 
letter  delivered  me  by  your  officer  on  the  %M. 

1  am  unacquainted  with  his  reasons  for  not  retur- 
\  U» 


i 


]• 


n 


j^ 


126 


ilEMllsAcENCES   OV 


:i. 


road,  not  knowing  UetSl^^^  ''^">'.>«  °°  'l.e 
your  favour  or  my  own  •  an\  fe-  ""'^  ^/'^^^^  i» 
Have  peaceably  TthaU  kn.^l    J'*'^  *^^™  *«  ^^• 

eralf  d  shoufd'collJor™  roTisYrder7  'S^.^- 
pnsted  sir,  if  von  fin.!  tu    ■  V  ,T ^^s.     Be  not  sur- 

.pfc^^d  ;%^^^^^  Of  this  coast 

the  pluW  of  tKjace     Zi  *"'^^P">?•i^^  them 

ed  tCe  Labitant^P'raL  up  "^L  'Sh"  ''"?'■ 
for  your \safetv  •«  w«ii        *^  *"^*ns,  ii^ich  may  be  , 

IndLs  brS'iKnt  TJ""  '  K^'»«W  these 
due  them  ilo  °c  '  ^     ""^^  ""'  ■"=  "^e  to  sub- 

Vaudreuiiatterp't^'^X^C  ""''   '"•»^' 
i  Wve  the  honor  to  be  Sir 
lyour    very  humble  servaiU, 
To  Major  rLehs.  ^'^^^  DELETER. 

•       1        '  \ 

despatched  Ca^.  Camptll  wl.hSirJJjIt'  f""' 
^d  Babec  and  heir  pirties',  withfiS     T', 

Sir,  ,x-V' 

encToTed  ktiertTltuT  ^.^/''-^ed/fhe 

inform  y„„  of  tWe^surr^J  """/^  Vandrf  il  „i|| 

indulgence  RrantTd  l^X-Vi^""'"^^'''  'he 

•    termillo^^dtCr  Lt°  S^Xj-STr^^"" 

Gen.  Amherst's'^rH    "l*"?""!  •■"»'  »»  '  have 
place,    My.r.opsprr^at'°.h:t-  '.St 

i^ 


wfflWi^ja*^,* 


^-^fi^y  ■^•fV^>ip!'^^''7T..TTi:^' 


THE  FRCNCU  WAR. 


►n  interpreter  to 
I  they  be  on  tlie 
are  disposed  in 
ir«ct  them  to  be- 
Jty  to  my  Gen- 
rs.     Be  not  sur- 
its  of  this  coast 
you  had  several 
promised  them 
iWore  direct- 
^ich  may  be  ^ 
>rsiiould  these 
t  be  able  to  sub- 
comes  to  hand, 
in  with  Mons. 
1. 

be  Sir, 
B  servant, 
DELETER. 


up  the  river, 
on  the  29th, 
srsj  Barreneer 
leher.        \ 


0  letters/^es- 
umed/  The 
andrrfuil  will 
ada;iof  the 
s ; — and  the 
St  Christian 
>u  the  capit- 
>  as  I  have 
relieve  the 
letown  till 


127 


four  o'clock,  when  I  shall  expect  your  answer  ; 
your  inhabitants  under  arras  will  npt  surprise  mc, 
as  I  have  as  yet  seen  no  others  in  that  condi- 
tion, but  savages  awaiting  my  orders.  The  inhab- 
itants of  Detroit  shall  not  be  molested,  they  and  you 
complying  with  the  capitulation.  They  shall  be 
protected  in  their  estates  and  shall  not  be  pillaged 
by  my  Indians,  nor  yours  who  have  joined  me. 

Yours,  &c. 

R.  ROGERS. 
ToCapt.  DeBeleter 
Commander  at  "Ditroit. 

I  landed  half  a  mile  from  the  Fort  and  drew  up 
my  party  in  front  of  it  in  a  field  of  grass.  Here 
Capt.  Campbell  joined  us  with  a  French  officer 
bearing  Capt.  Beleter's  compliments,  and  informing 
me  that  the  garrison  was  at  my  commnnd.  Lieuts. 
McCormick  and  Leslie  with  thirty-six  Royal  Ameri- 
cans, immediately  took  possession  of  the  Fort. — 
The  troops  of  the  garrison  piled  their  arms,  the 
French  colours  were  taken  down,  and  the  English 
flag  hoisted  in  their  place ;  upon  this,  about  700 
Indians  who  were  looking  on  at  a .  little  distance, 
gave  a  shout,  exulting  in  their  prediction  being  ver- 
ified, that  the  crow,  represented  the  English  instead 
of  the  French. 

They  appeared  astonished  at  the  submissive  salu- 
tation of  the  inhabitants  ;  and  expressed  great  sat- 
isfaction at  our  generosity,  in  not  putting  them  to 
death.  They  declared  that  iii  future  they  would 
fight  for  a  nation  tlius  favoured  by  the  Great  Spir- 
it.* 

*  The  Indiana  kept  their  faith  until  the  spring  of  1763,  while 
Major  Gladwin  commanded  at  Detroit.  At  this  time  Pontiac,  an 
Ottawa  chief,  roiiaed  the  Indians  from  the  North-west,  to  attempt 
the  destruction  of  the  English  settlements.  By  a  stratagem  he 
captured  Michilimackanac  and  before  the  garrison  at  Detroit  knew 


»i! ,.» ; 


'iJA-m^.   ^JM.i-'-'^  "■■ '" 


'uim  l-i- 


128 


REMINISCENCES  OF 


V    I 


m 

II 


f "  m 


The  commander  delivered  me  a  plan  of  ihe  Fort 
Tpfirr  ^^^^entory  of  its  stores,  and  ^rmamlnt,  ahd 
before  noon  of  December  first  we  had  cJllected^ 
f«?h?''^-f?-^  administered  the  oath  of  allegiaiS 
to.the  imlitia.  Monsieur  Beleter  and  his  troo^l 
Lf/.r^T^  '"  Philadelphia,  under  the  chargeTf 
Lieut.  Holmes  and  thirty  Rangers.     Capt.  cfmo 

^arit^'t'p^"^^'^'"^"^'^'^'   ^^'  directed  tV 
garrison  the  Port.    *        '^ 

20^lTl  ^u^-^'  ^i!'* i?""-  ^*^*«'  ^^--e  detached  with 
20  me„  to  brin^  the  French  garrisons    from  Forts 

mam  there  if  possible  through  the  winter,  to  watch 
a  French  officer, was  seat  to  Shawanese  town  on  the 
"'"the  fact,  he  appeared  b«fore  that  place  with  3000  w.rrttrj- 

InHiK-  ""'  •*"•  *^««'«"   was  betrayed -by  a  aouaw 

and  the  garrison  prepared  for  defence.  The  area  of  th^FJ; 
was  appomted.for  the  place  of  interview.  Pontile  and  Wrtv^ 
chiefs  were  allowed  to  enter,  and  the  iratea  wer«  pIa^j  ^^ 
the  remainder  of  his  warriori.    Thevlffect-T  !««!        ^'""* 

to  cllrX  rorV'  '"'"'"  ~""'*^'  ^'••^  •*'"P«"*«  •"•-P"' 

»rMtkii7ll'?r-  *"*?"?'"'•*  *''"~«'*  *•»•  ■'*°«»".  the  Indian. 
praotMing  all  their  arts  to  capture  the  place.  I«  1764  Oen  R«3^ 

peace.    He  still  retained  his  hostility  to  the  English  and  r^,«5 
P„SV  *^1'"P'>»"  »<"»»  o«t  to  treat  with  Pontiacin  1788  and  in 


'^'..  :;*■««» 


A    '■ 


THE  FRENCH  WAR. 


129 


6hiQ  to  bring  away  the  French  troops.  As  proviso 
ions  i^rew scarce  at  Detroit,  Capt.  Brewer  with  most 
of  the  Rangers,  1  ordered  to  Niagara,  detaining 
Lieat.t^cCormick  with  37  privates  to  s^ccompany  me 
to  Mic^ilimackinac.  \ 

I  coi^cluded  a  treaty  with  the  several  tribes  of  In- 
ans  living  in  the  country,  and  departed  for  Lake 


^  «uiron 


>^Dec.  io.  This  night  ^pcampcd  at  the  Nortli 
,«nd  of  ^le  little  Lake/ St.  Clair,  and  , the  next 
evfitung  dn  the  west  side^of  the  strait  at  the  entrance 
of  a  considel^jable  rive/,  where  a  large  body  of  In- 
$tins  weri^  hiinting 

Dec.  12ii/  We  caorie  to  thft  entrance  of  Huron, 
and  met  many^ndi^s  who  were  huntii^  on  both 
sides  of  the  outle^.  We  cQfi^jted  along  the  west 
shoce  f^  thiree  days,  making  ICk)  miles,  but  the  ice- 
cakes/how  obstructed  our  further  passage. 

I  cOnsulted\the  Indians  as  to  the  practicability  of  a 
journey  to  Michilimackinac  by  land ;  but  they  de- 
clated  It  utterly  impossible  at  this  season  of  the  year, 
without  snbw  shoes ;  and  to  our  great  mortifica- 
tion'l  we  were\  obliged  to  commence  a  return  ;  in 
which,  we  were  so  much  obstructed  by  ice,  that  we 
did  not  reach  Detroit  until  the  21st. 

Dec.  23.  Leaving  the  command  to  Capt.  Camp- 
bell, I  departed!  for  Pittsburg,  marching  along  the 
west  end  of  Lake  Erie,  and  on  the  2d  of  January 
1761  reached  Lake  Sandusky.  The  soil  from  De- 
troit to  this  placi^  is  excellent,  timbered  with  black 
and  white  oaks,  hickory,  locusts  and  maple,  sassa- 
fras and  white  woods.  Some  immense  black  wal- 
nuts* are  also  found  on  the  south  shore  of  Erie. 


*  One  of  these  stood  some  years  ago,  near  Catarau|pis  Creek 
N.Y.  thirty  feet  in  circumference.  The  trunk  was  hollow,  and 
used  far  a  shop,  for  the  refreahment  of  travellers.  A  sec- 
tion of  it  has  since  been  taken  down  the  oanal  to  New- York. 


**^'^""'i:rr'','*  ■-■-■•':* '•■.'•■****.,«£r"*%-i 


'A- 


.^..-,.J] 


i-%-'?-,7_  f^Wt-  ,•«.'"-  i*!^i»'W(i 


|j»^-S'.?-t.  t 


I 


iiu ' 


ISO 


RE>lINISCEI(d6s  OF 


Along  the  west  end  of  .Erie  plenty  of  wild  ap-. 
pies*  are  to  be  found.  We  passed  through  scv«r«l 
rich  Savannahs,  (or  Prairies)  of  many  inileS'in  ex- 
tent without  4  tree,  and  clothed  with  long  jointed 
grass,  nearly  six  feet  high,  which,  by  rqtting  every 
year,  adds  to  the  fertility  of  the  soil.     ' 

Sandusky  Bay  or  Lake  is  about  15  miles  long,  and 
^  six  miles  wide.  Here  we  came  to  a  village  of  Wi- 
andots,  Svherc  we  halted  to  refresh.  The  next  day 
passed  through  a  meadow,  crossed  a  creek,  saw  sev- 
eral Indian  wigwams,  and  halted  at  a,  small  Indian 
village,  of  ten  wigwams.  Here  we  found  a  fine 
spring!  rising  out  of  the  side  of  a  small  hill,  with 
such  force  as  to  rise  three  feet.  I  presume  it  dis- 
charges ten  hogsheads  in  a  minute.  '  We  continued 
our  march  through  the  prairies  where  we  killed 
plenty  of  deer  and  wild  turkies,  and  encamped  in  the 
woods. 

Jan.  4,  1761.  Crossed  a  river  twenty-five  yaj;ds 
wide  where  were^two  wigwams.  A  few  miles  on- 
ward in  a  S.  E.  course  we  came  to  another  wig  warn 
of  Wiandots,  „who  were  there  for  the  purpose  of 
hunting.  From  this,  we  proceeded  nearly  South, 
and  passed  the  same  river  we  crossed  in  the  morn- 
ing. This  day  we  killed  several  deer  and  other 
game. 

Jaw.  i.  This  night  we  encamped  upon  Muskin- 
gum Creek,  which  is  here  eight  yards  wide. 

Jan.  6.  Travelled  14  miles,  and  enCamped  by  a 
fine  spring.  ,       ■ 

»  The  orchards  about  Detroit,  and  the  River  Raisin  Are  very 
productive.  Many  of  them  were  destroyed  during  the  late  war, 
by  the  soldiers  of  both  armies. 

t  In  all  their  reserves,  the  Indians  have  been  very  careful  to 
secure  to  themselves,  all  the  good  springs  ;  which  in  the  western 
CO  uiftry  are  desireable  objects. 


A 


li-'9itlff:^ 


.s#w<?«lipr- ' 


*;> 


THE    FRENCH    WAR. 


Ml 


Jan.  7.  After  travelling  six  miles  we  caaic  to 
Muskingum  Creek  which  was  here  twenty  yards 
wide.  '  An  Tndian  town  called  the  Mingo  Cabins, 
lies,  about  twenty  yards  from  the  creek,  on  the  ^a^t 
side.  Only  three  Indians  were  at  home,  the  re- 
mainder 1)ehig  out  on  a  hunting  party.  They  had 
plenty  of  cows,  horses,  hogs,  &c. 

Jap.  8.  This  da;y  we  spent  with  the  Indians, 
mending  our  moccasins  and  preparing  provisions 
for  the  remainder  of  the  march. 
-  Jan.'9.  Travelled  12  miles  south  east,  and  en- 
(iamped  by  the  border  of  fl  long  ineadow,  where 
the  Indians  were  hunting, 

Jan.  10.  Made  eleven  mifes  ;  and  on  oyr  march 
killed  there  bears  and  two  elks. 

Jan.  11.  .  Fellin  with'apparty  of  Wiandot  and 
Six-natiOn  lAdians,  hunting  together. 

Jan.  12'  Travelled  six  tn^les,  and  in  tMc  evening 
killed  seVieral  beavers^  .  ' , 

Jan.  13.  Xcavelled  six  milet;  north  east,  and  came 
to  the  Delawares  town  called  Beaver  town.  The 
town  covers  a  good  tract  of  land,  on  the  west  side  of 
the  Muskingum,  which  is  joined  by  a  river  op- 
posite the  town.  The  latter  is  thirty  yards  wide, 
and  the  former  forty.  Their  junction  makes  a  fine 
stream,  which  riins  with  a  swift  cyrrent  to  the 
south  west.  The  Indians  have  at  thi^  place,  three 
thousand  acres  of  cleared  land.  The  number  of 
warriors  belonging  to  the  village  is  1 80.  The  coun- 
try from  Sandusky  to  this  place,  is  level  and  the 
soil  very  rich.  We  found  no  pine  timber  ;  but 
plenty  of  white,  black  and  yellow  oak,  black  and 
white  walnut,  cypress,  chesnut,  and  l^ocust.^        '    -^ 

«  The  honey  locust  of  the  west  id  armed  with  thorns '  in  a 
most  singular  manner-rto  climb  them  is  almost  impossible — 
they  are  a  great  curiosity. ,  The  timber  is  much  used  for  trunnel* 
in  shipbuilding. 


»     'A 


i^^^i&MmB 


'm^ 


'^:x^> 


■Ityf 


132 


REMINISeENCES  OF 


Jan.  1 9  After  crossing  several  creeks,  and  two  con- 
siderable streams,  we  came  to  a  small  river  where 

the  Delawares  were  hunting. 

Jan.  20.    Came  to  Beaver  Creek  in  sight  of  the 

OMo;  there  were  three  Indian  wigwam,  on  the  w^? 

Jan.  21.     Travelled  south-east  twentv  inilp*  »«.] 
encamped  .with  the  Indians.  '  '  ""^ 

VnTv'f*^'  ^^  came  again  to  the  Ohio  opposite 
Port  Pitt.  Prom  this  post,  Lieut.  McCormicEww 
ordered  to  cross  the  country  to  Albany  wth  X 
Rangers,  while  I  proceeded  L  the  cSnl  road 
Yo7k  ^iT^T""'  to  Philadelphia,  thence  to  New 


In  his  Advertisement,  Major  Rogers  proposed 
publishing  a  second  volume,  with  M  Mcou?t?f  S. 
\n?h""'"«.*^?  Cherokee.,  and  other  S3il  of 
thesouth;  and  also  of  the  Indian  wars  in  America 

flood  ittii  "''*'"i!'''  '**"*^"*"'-  We  have  under* 
ien  it  h^^lh^^.'^*'';^  was  nublished,  but  have  never 
seen  it  in  this  country.— «dm.  Ed. 

0  .  '  ' 


\ 


APPENDIX. 


^enty  miles,  and 


GENERAL  RULES  FOR  THE  RANGING 
SERVICE. 

1 .  All  Rangers  are  to  be  subject  to  the  rules  and 
articles  of  war  ;  to  appear  at  roll  call  every 
evening,  upon  their  own  parade,  equipped  each 
with  a  firelock,  sixty  rounds  of  powder  and  ball, 
and  a  hatchet  j  at  which  time  an  officer  will  inspect 
each  company  ;  before  dismissal,  the  necessary 
guards  will  be  drafted  and  scouts  for  the  next  day 
appointed. 

2.  When  ordered  out  to  the  enemy's  Forts,  or 
frontiers  for  discovery,  if  your  number  be  sniall, 
march  in  single  file,  keeping  at  such  distance  from 
each  other  as  to  prevent  one  shot  from  killing  two 
men.     If  the  ground  will  admit,  send  a  man  in 

.  front  and  one  on  each  flank  to  give  notice  of  the 
enemy,  his  number  &c. 

S.  If  your  march  lies  through  marshes  or  soft 
grounds,  change  your  position  and  march  in  line,  to 
prevent  thte  enemy  from  tracking  you,  till  you  are 
clear  of  such  ground ;  then  resume  your  files. 
March  until  quite  dark  before  encamping ;  which 
do,  on  ft  piece  of  ground  which  will  afibrd  the  senti- 
nels an  opportunity  of  seeing  or  hearing  the  enemy 
•t  a  considerable  distance. 

-- Jit     .^. 


y 


C«*-' 


134 


APPElfDIX. 


1 

- 


»oUr.  "^JS"  ;;^''^«  "••  P'««>  rou  would  recoB. 

^l^^^^Z'"''^''^  **"*  J  V  this  coun«,  yrw^U 
the^better  discover  any  parfy  which  may'Ji^yoi" 

••If  you  march  in  a  body  of  300  or  400  to  .* 
tack  an  enemv,  divide  your  party  i^to  threl     * " 
umn.,  each  led  by  a  prouer  offirAr     tJ!?      . 
uinns  Bhould  march^i„  S^Tfi^^^'riltZ  left 
columns  twenty  yards  distant  from  tK„^e     If 
the  ground  wil]  admit,  suitable  nartiM  Ih^A  li 

fluiJung parties, and. rewrw in  yoi-TS^™ 
der  the  command  of  InWy  officeJ^To^;^!  S" 
«ng  mrrounded,   whieh  d  the    coutm  rf^l  H" 
Ijdopud  by  the  ^tvage.  wh«.  il^TZul^T^ 

yonr  pieces  at  them,  with  «ood^«"m    *?f  .u-''"?* 
bgdy  e^n^s  yon,  o^.tSl^yrJv^'tj.r.": 

each  .,h„,  ,hd  idvafd,^  ";„  ",J„**""  «;•■» 
If  the  en«„y  preu  npon  yon,  Jet  y««,  &.„,  j„ 


■^ 


-* 


WlPf'liww  IWW  '  ■ 


i:M^ 


■   •;^w£«™»- Hfii.  . 


■J'  .-x  , 


APPENDIX. 


13ft 


K 


and  fall  down  ;  then  let  your  rear  advance  through 
them  and  do  the  like ;  by  which  means,  time  will 
be  aflforded  to  those  who  were  before  in  front,  to 
reload  their  pieces ;  and  thus  a  constant  fire  be  kept 
up  ;  so  that  the  pnemy  will  ;i6t  easily  break  your 
order  or  gain  your  ground,  ' 

8.  If  you  oblim  the  enemjr  to  retreat,  pursue 
them  closely  keeping  out  flanking  jparties  to  pre- 
vent their  gaining  eminences,  and  thus  rallying  to 
'repulse  you  in  turn.  .      «         ^  j 

a.  If  obliged  to  retreat,  let  the  front  fire  and 
fan  back,  until  the  rear  have  done  the  same ;  thus 
the  enemy  will  pursue,  if  jit  41,  in  the  face  of  a 

constant  fire.  .      .    ,         *i.  * 

10.  If  the  enemy  are  so  superior  m  force,  that 
you  are  in  danger  of  being  surrounded,  let  the 
whole  body  disperse,  each  tokin^  a  different  rout, 
to  the  place  of  rendeivous  appointed  for  tha^  eve- 
ning, i^ch  place  should  be  appointed  every  morn- 
ing: If  actually  surrounded,  form  yourselves  into 
a  Muare,  or  if  in  the  woods,into  a  circle,  and  make 
a  stand  until  the  darkness  of  night  favours  your  es- 

"*n!  If  your  rear  is  attacked,  the  main  body  and 
flankers  must  face  to  the  right  or  leR,  and  form  to 
oppose  the  enemy.  If  one  of  the  flanks  is  attacked, 
do  the  same ;  which  will  make  one  flank  a  rear 

^  12.  If  you  intend  to  make  a  new  stand  against 
the  enemy,  do  it  on  the  most  elevated  ground  with- 
in your  reach. 

13.  When  pressed  by  the  enemy,  reserve  your 
Are  till  they  come  near,  when  it  will  throw  them 
into  consternation  and  give  you  an  opportunity  of 
rushing  upon  them  with  hatchets  and  cutlasses. 
J 14.  When  you  encamp  at  night,  fix  your  senti- 
nels in  such  a  manner  as  not  to  be  relieved  from 
the  ^Mdn  body  till  morning.    Silence  and  secrecy 


136 


APPENDIX. 


«^'. 


being  in  many  cases  of  the  In.f  :™      . 
guard  should  consist  of  six  mi  *"P°''^«"«e.     Each 
■^.    constantlyondutv  andfnl'      r'^^'^'^^t^^emtobe 
In  casfe  those  on  c^tv  ^e  ^^ ^^'^^^^d  withoutnoi^ 

fW  them,  th  y  trnot  tTV^'l  *?'"«  ^^^^^^^ 
hem  iUileniJy  to  retreat  «ml-f^^''^^' '''"*  «ne  of 
ing  oflTcer.      ^  ^"*'  *"d  ^"^^"n  the  command- 

da;';'  thttXVn /r  S: VeT '-"^  ^^  ^-«  o^ 
upon  their  enemies  ^  '^"^'"^^^  "»«a»y  fall 

-^ning'f  a^iLr^su^^^^^^^^  1^^  r™^,  in  the 
tory  may  be  doubtful,  do  TntJ^  ^"™''^r«  that  vie- 
when  he  will  be  i.noranr„?  ''''  ""^''  «^eninff 
If  worsted,  the  dark'ness  w  II  5  ^°"'"  ""™'^«^«'  ^^ 

1 7.     Before  leavinrvoTr  .f'^^"  ^'T  '^^'^i' 
^nd  out  scouts,  to  So'Tr  whXr"ti      "'™^"^' 
ffnigir^^  an  enemy.  hr^i^^^Lt'S.rTo;  iJ 

•  «PHng,  pXr^:!;,^ltt"^nt  .^^^^  ,ome 

and  let  a  small  party  Ly-C  /h«  ^7'^  surprise, 

^youcame  tointU,^tr7urlTi„f:n?m^  by  which 

have  way  laid  them  '      '^*^^  ^"«"y  siTould 

the'shore,S  i^siol'rn  a7  "'  ^/"^^^  ^o™      ' 
,  from  the  ;„emy,  vourmrer«^'?.^f^°''^"  «"ac|c 
SI-     If  the  enomv  '  ^'^'^^'^  be  cut  off. 

cyit  unti  you  comi  .o^"""^  ^^^f  ^««'-'  *ake  a  cir, 
ambush  JlgVe7hlL^Krsrt^'  there  form  Z., 

ambu.S  to  rSie  vou  '  r™r  ''^""'^  '^  thereU' 
fatigue.  ^  °"'  ^^«"  *'™ost  exhausted  with 

23.     ^^"  you  pursue  a  party  th.t  has  be.  near 


•X^' 


"^5?^ 


('^"7^^'^ 


APFENOIXi 


187 


iportance.  Each 
wo  of  them  to  be 
'ed  without  noise 
anything  which 
'eak,  but  one  of 
m  the  command- 

^ent  at  dawn  of 
?cs  usually  fall 

>e  enemy  in  the 
Jmbers  that  vie- 
until  evenins 
^  numbers,  and 
your  retreat. 
» the  morning, 
there  are  any 
en  near  you  in 

nt,  select  some 

«^oid  surprise, 

ath  by  which 

my. 

»  crossing  riv- 

nemy  should 

listance  from 

^oranattacjk 
e  cut  off. 

r,  take  a  cir-^ 
ere  form  an; 

t  and  come 
ind  avenues, 
be  there  in 
austed  with 

»8  been  ne«r 


our  Forts,  do  not  follow  their  tracks  di^ebtly,  for 
that  would  discover  you  to  their  rearguards,  who 
are  then  if  ever,  very  alert  ;  but  by^  diffe/rent  rout, 
meet  them  in  some  narrow  pass,  or  recciye  them  in 
ambush,  when  and  where  they  least  expe(|t  you. 

24.  if  your  journey  is  by  water,  chooSe  the  eve- 
ning for  embarking,  as*  you  will  then!  have  the 
whole  night  before  you  to  pass  undiscovered  by  any 
parties  of  the  enemy,  on  the  hills,  which  \command 
a  prospect  of  the  Lake  or  river  you  are  uppn. 

25.  .The  boat  next  the  sternmost  should,  wait  for 
her,  the  third  for  the  second,  and  so  oti  to  prevent 
separation  and  be  ready  to  assist  each  other  on  any 
emergency. 

26;  Appojint  one-man  in  each  boat  to  look  out 
for  fires  on  the  adjacent  shore,  from  the  number, 
and  size  of  which,  you  may  formsomie  judgment  of 
the  force  of  the  enemy  ;  and  whether  you  can  ven- 
ture to  attack  them  or  iibt.  r. 

27.  If  you  find  the  enemy  upon  the  banks  of  a 
river,  or  Lake  which  you  imagine  they  will  attempt 
to  cross  on  being  attacked,  leave  a  detachment  on 
the  opposite  shore,  while  with  ^he  remainder  you 
surprise,  and  drive  them  to  the  Lake  shore  or  com- 
pel them  to  cross. .  .  » 

28.  If  you  can  not  satisfy  yourself  of  the  ene- 
my's force  by  their  fires,  conceal  your  boats  at  some 
distance  ascertain  their  number  by  a  reconnoitering 
p&rty,  when  they  depart  in  the  morning,  marking 
tJieir  course  ;  when  you  may  pursue  or  not,  as  pru- 
dence shall  direct.  That  you  may  not  be  discover- 
ed by  the  enemy  upon  Lakes  and  rivers,  it  is  the 
safest  course  to  lay  concealed  with  your  boats  and 
party  all  day,  without  noise  or  show  ;  and  Jiursue 
your  rout  by  night.  In  all  cases  give  out  parole 
and  countersigns  in  order  to  know  each  other  in 
the  dark  ;  and  also  appoint  a  rendezvous  for  each 
man  to  repair  to  in  case  of  accident. 

•     .  12» 


■   M 


( 


H 

m 


0y 


k«  . 


158 


APPENDIX. 


gems  adoptel  when  i^^h?  j""*  ""^  "«'  '**■" 
«i.pted  U.  thT^Se^oKhTlwi"""''  '"  *".  '"" 


NOncB  OP  SIK  wntuM  JOHH.OM. 


of  his  uncle  Sir  PeteT  Warrl!^  i""  '?''««««ioB 
and  settled  upon  thrMTwC'  X.' ^""p'  f""?'? 
jcqnired  a  I.?ge  estate  h^'L.J^"  ^Sr  l5?n£'^ 
hecW  thoroughly  ao,o,Wd^\lie  LS*'"' 

ro^he^LHr'rHS'r^sv'^ 

Georce  ini765     v^ffV.'u    ^  commanded  at  Lake 

stone  buildinir  was  erAnt«^{„i.»-»;      Vr''  *  ^^ce 

mile  west  otVX^cS,"Z'"J^'j^^' 
■on   (sons  of    Sir  William \-^'j."''®^n- 

cause'iM  the  revltS^  t-St^XS  C«  ^^^l 
consequence  of  this  th«Jr  «»♦  *  "*  ^*"*^*-  '» 

Col.  f  fcnaCS'JZ'd":^  j:f,^.'-V«'«ge'»- 
Canada,  and  made  nri«rtno«  ^r  P^T^X  "^®"» 

friends  knd  neighbors^  "*'"'"  ^^  """^  °^  »»"  o'd 


11    ' 

'■■■■'  f 

•  1 


-j^ 


,\ 


w 


APPENDIX. 


139 


Th^  celebrated  Brandt  was  a  natural  son  of  Sir 
William,'  who  sent  him  to  Germany  for  his  educa- 
tion; he  afterwards  returned  to  his  nation,  and  be- 
came one  of  the  most  ferocious  warriors  whp  har- 
raasedthe  northern  and  western  frontiers,  during  the 
revolutionary  war.  His  descendants  have  in  a  great 
measure,  abandoned  their  savage  state,  and  reside  in 
Canada,  with  some  considerabw  appearance  of  style. 
The  moA  important  event  in  the  life  of  Qen.  John- 
son, teas  ^he  battle  at  Lake  George,  for  which'  he 
was  knighted.  This  action  took  place  on  the  8th 
of  September  1755;  the  circumstances  are  as  fol- 
lows, i 


BATTLE  AT  LAKE  GEORGE. 

'"•■     ■  r 

In  1765,  Gen.  Johnson,  la^  at  Lake  Greorge,  with 
a  considerable  force  of  provmcials  and  regulars  and 
also  a  large  body  of  Indians  of  the  six  nations,  un- 
der the  famous  Cfaptain  Hendrick,  with  a  design  of 
redttcine  Crown  Point.    Hearing  of  this,  the  Gov- 
ernor of  Canada  despatched  G^n.  Dieskau  with 
3000,  French  troops,  and  a  numerous  b^y  savages, 
to  cover  Crown  Point,  and  compel  the  English  to 
retire.    His  first  object  was  the  capture  of  Fort  Ed- 
w:ard,  which  'would  cut  off  the  retreat  of  €ren. 
Johnson;  but  the  Indians  .and  Canadians,  who  ac- 
companied him,  were  in  wch  dread  of  the  guns  of 
the  Fort,  that  h^  relinquished  his  first  design,  and 
determiiaed  to  attack  the  English  army,  at  Lake 
Gteorge.     Sunda;^  Sept.  7,  at  midnight,  a  scout  in- 
formed the  English  General,  of  the  enemy's  ap- 
proach^   Col.  WUliams  with  1 300  men  was  directed 
to  proceed  in  advance  of  the  main  body;  and  found 
their  whole  army  at  Rocky  Bi;ook,  draWn  up  in  the 
form  of  a  semicircle,  into  which,  the  Enirlwh  un- 


^i=i 


» 


140 


APPENDIX. 


front  and  flah^  dTsci.eTed  to  J.T^  ««•«  "?<>"  their 
the  French.      Col    Wifw,       i^V-  ^^^  P"'"^^"  o{ 

were  immediately  shot  down  ""^k^^^'  '^^"^^"^'^ 
a  brave  defence  and  a  Z^'^f  ^^^-'^  *''«°1^«  ""^r 
drawn  off  bv  the  ronln-  ^  °''  "»  n»en,  were 
Whiting.    ^   ^  "^'"'""^^  *»d  intrepidity  if  Col 

w£r  l^^^^^^--y  occupied  the  hill, 

the.e^my  canTe' S  Lt  K?"  °T  T"^  ^'^^ 
iowiagViosely  the  refill  n?,K  1*"'  *'*^«"'  f^^' 
Oncomilwiny^t;/j^^'»J,«f  guard. 

the  crest  \  a-  g3    whirh    ^  *'^  ^^^^^  ^^^^^^  »?<>«* 

to  make  p4parauLr?of  bfttrr'A/"^"^V 
either  flank  beina  low  m  .rli       ^®  S*"**""^  <>» 

trees,  Gen.  DmltmZdZfL^r^'T''''^'''''^' 
left,  and  the  Indians  to  the  rLf  ^  C*""^  '^ns  to  the 
out  flank,  and  surroun.nh/^  ''  "^'^^  'Jirections  to 
glars  attacked  tE  front   wf.T?^   ^.!»'«  ^^'  '«§" 

wojnded,  retired  to  his  tent  i-^     "^^  ^'°"  ''^^"S 
to  Brigadier  Gen..Lvman  t'J  T"C***4  «om»na4 
iantly  Wended  his^oSn^t'thTh^"^ 
Eyre's,  artillery.*     A  few'rTn      ^l*"*  ""^  ^*Pt. 
7        A  lew  cannon  shots   put  the 

m-ythavf^Jn^Jr^i^JfJ^    «»ed  »»>e  Eo^fliah  army,  which 
aud  vi^roiulT  attacked  th-J,^«^"*l'^**'  °P  their  first  .ucm^ 

<^v'  "^^  SaiiSs".^"?''  »<"»  '■•^^"-^  .h.  d.,  b,: 


JrtJfc'lifctifcat.iJ^iA 


AP]^ld>IP. 


141 


ikinff  parties  to  flight;  upon  which,  the  French 
throw  tneir  whole  coocenWated  force  upon  the  En- 
glish riffht,  which  consisted  of  Ruggle's,  Pomer- 
oV's  apd  Titcoiub^s  regiments,  and  extended  from 
the  road,  to  what  vftks  alterwards  the .  scite  of  iFort 
lyilliam  Henry.  Ther«  after  an  hours  contest  with 
cknnon  and  musketry,  a  general  charge  was  made 
by  the  British  and  Indians,  which  broke  and  put  the 
French  to  flight.  Lieut.  Gen.  the  Baron  Di^skau 
w^  found  leaning  against  a  stump  badly  wounded ; 
seeing  a  soldier  approach,  he  was  in  the  act  of  draw- 
ing out  his  watch  to  present  to  him,  when  the  oth- 
er supposing  he  had  a  pistol,  shot  him  through  the 
thigh.  He  was  carried  to  the  Fort  by  eieht  men  in 
a  bTanket,"^  where  he  told  Gen.  Johnson  that  he  had 
more  troops  near  at  hand,  and  it  is  said,  thus  pre- 
vented a  pursuit,  which  was  urged  by  Gen.  Ly- 
man; but  Johnson  positively  forbade  the  movement. 
In  the  repoit  of  the  action,  he  did  not  ever  men- 
tion the  name  of  the  man,  whose  courage  and  tal- 
ents so  largely  contributed  to  the  success  of  the 
English  army. 

Crown  Point  would  in  all  probabilitv  have  fal- 
len, had  th^  French  been  closely  pursued,  and  har- 
rassed  in  their  retreat.  The  delay  however  Afford- 
ed them  time  to  secure  that  Fort,  and  also  to  Jbrtify 
themselves,  strongly  at  Ticonderoga.  The  l»ss  of 
the  English,  was  216,  killed*  and  96  woudded. 
Gen.  Dieskau  estimated  his  loss  at  1000.  He  Ust  a' 
Major  General,  and  Mens.  St.  Pierre,  the  partisan 
who  commanded  the  Indians. 

The  French  had  left  their  baggage  two  miles  in 

*  Gen.  Dieakau  afterwards  commanded  a  division  of  the  French 
army  which  repulsed  the  first  attempt  ofWolfe,  against  Quebec,  a 
d^ort  time  before  he  carried  the  heights  of  Abraham. 

*     tAmong  the  killed  were  Cols,  Titcomb   and  Willikros,  who 
fell  uitiversaily  lamented. 


\y 


\ 


--r^lf 


142 


APPENDIX. 


I  -f 


&" 


y 


and  taken  by  Capts.  Poftorti  ^nd  McGinness,  at  the 

V^t  I        1 P?."'^'*'*^'  ^*"  ^*y-'*»'l  t»»«  retreating 
!•  rench,  and  killed  a  great  number  of  them. 

Gen.  Johnson  was  greatly  censured  for  neglectinir 
to  follow  up  this  success.  The  wholfe  tilam?  of  his 
noUomg  to,  was  endeavoured  to  be  cast  upon  Gen 
Shirley,  who  was  then  the  commander  in  chief,  but 
altogether  out  ef  the  way  of  the  theatre  of  war. 
Une  of  Gen.  Johnsons  protegees  stated  that  he  was 
so  near  him,  when  he  received  his  wound,  that  he 
WW  the  ball  enter.*  The  Generil's  desire ap^wred  to 
be,  rather  to  escape  destruction  himself,  thanto  des- 
troy  the  enemy.    He  had  been  some  time  at  Lake 

his  camp,  un- 
len  a  number  of 
-_;"  V". "."!■•""''«""*•  ""  «u«wia  constructed.  ^  It 
was  not  until  the  Rangers  had  reconnoitred  Ticon- 
deroga,  and  reported  that  the  French  were  engaged 
m  s^rengtheni^  that  Fort,  that  Gen.  Johnsonlelt 
himdelf  8e«ur«  from  danger,  and  at  leisure  to  erect  a 
Fort  at  the  south  end  of  Lake  George.  This  was 
^iBd  Port  William  Henry,  in  honou?of  one  ofTh" 
Koyal  family. 

»l.55ff  **lf  ^*'^"»i«'  Eastman  of  Concord  was  with 
the  detachment  under  Colonel  Williams  and  was 
woundedm  the  knee.  He  however  contuiued  to 
discharge  his  musket  at  the  enemy  and  was  left  al- 
most  alone  by  the  retreat  of  the  advanced  guard. 
He  limped  through  the  woods  and  joined  his 
friends  who  fought  tome  distance  upon  a  retreat, 
and  endeavored  to  make  a  stand  by  the  Bloodv 
Pond.     From  this  place  they  were  driven  onward 

•  Thia  wouad  wu  thought  by  th«  troops  to  be  a  fortunata  <». 
«imat.iiC6  both  for  Johiuon,  ud  th«  arij:  for  it  MmrttS  o!^ 
Lvaa  to  mpul-  tha  French,  which  repiU  pJS  fohwon 


_V«^,.  ..— v*^ 


r:  4 


APP3RDIX4 


143 


before  the  French  and  Indians  until  relieved  by  the 
appearance  of  Johnson's  army  draw  up  behind  an 
abbatis  and  breast  work  of  logs  hastily  thrown  to- 

S ether.    The  artiller}-  was  discharged  at  the  In- 
ians  who  fled  yelling  into  the  woods.  The  appear- 
ance of  the  French  troops   with  their  burnished 
I  arms,  elegant  equipment  and'superior  discipline,pro- 
duced  a  momentary  panic  among  Johnson's  troops;  ^ 

but  as  the  French  did  not  charge  them,  they  soon  %A 

recovered  their  coolness  and  behaved  well.  The 
Mohawks  having  lost  their  old  Chief,  Captain  H«n- 
drick,  kept  back  in  the  woods  until  the  French 
fire  slackened,  and  they  began  to  retire. 

Thev  then  advanced  with  the  English  to  com- 
plete the  rout.  They  were  so  «nraged  at  the  loss 
of  Capt.  Hendrick,  a%  t^\demand  of  the  General, 
that  the  Baron  Dieskau  shibuld  be  delivered  up  to 
their  vengeance.  Gren.  Dieskau  praised  the  beha- 
viour of  Johnson's  troops — he  said  that  Y  in  the 
morning  they  fought  like  brave  boys,  at  twelve 
o'clock  like  men,  and  in  the  afternoon  like  devils." 
On  beiug  told  of  the  successful  attack  of  Folsom 
and  McGinness  upon  his  retreating  troops  and  the 
capture  of  all  their  baggage,  he  exclaimed  with  the 

S-eatest  sang  froid,  "Fortune  le  guerre  !  "  The 
eneral  had  learned  the  art  of  war  under  the  cele- 
brated Field  Marshall  Count  8axe,  and  was  highljr 
esteemed  in  the  French  army.  He  probably  would 
have  been  more  successful  in  his  enterprise,  had  it 
not  been  for  the  preeipitancV  of  his  Inaian  allies  in 
opening  their  fire  upon  Williams'  corps  before  they 
had  advanced  sufficiently  far,  to  allow  his  ambus- 
cade to  take  complete  effect  and  cut  them  off  en- 
tirely.* He  never  fully  recovered  of  his  wounda 
byt  died  in  consequence  of  tliem  in  1767» 

*  Dwskau  intended  to  dnwth*  Engliah  into  the  Mnbtucade  ■• 
far,  that  hia  regulars  wko  were  peated  in  th*  centre,  ahonld  tot 


>'!^' 


,.l..n^-r-.- 


I* 


cl5?sai»-> 


■> 


.M4 


A'r 


APPENDIX. 
NOTICE  OF  MAJOR  ROGERS. 


Major  Roger,  went  to  England  soon  after  tKe 
conclusion  of  hostilities  in  America,  and  resided 
there  until  the  year  1775,  when  he  returnedTo  hh 
native  country.  He  visited  Cambridge  and  Med- 
ford  then  o^^ied  by  the  Continent^  troopl  -1 
Washington  refused  him  permission  to  enter  the 
camp,  but  Colonel  Stark  of  the  first  N.  H  Lai 
ment  and  others  of  his  old  companions  in  arms  vis' 
ited  him  at  the  Hotel  in  Medford.  He  soon  Xr 
wards  joined  Sir  WUliam  Howe  at  New-York^bu; 
in  a  short  time,  returned  to  England  and  never'  vis^ 
ited  this  country  again. 

He  was  a  man  o?  great  presence  of  mind,  intre- 
mditv  and  perseverance  irt  the  accomplishment  of 
his  plans  ;  and  would  no  doubt  have  acted  a  distin- 
guish part  in  the  Revolution,  had  hechSsen  the 
side  of  the  people.  He  was  a  man  six  feet  inreight! 
well  proportionecT,  and  one  of  the  most  actirS 

r^^lVr"i^^r'*^?'^"^^-.  Th*'  Indians  enterlS 
a  great  dread  of  him,  and  with  very  good  rmon 

Jhe  late  General  Stark   who  had  bfen  for^* 

the  companion  and  friend  of  Rogers,  gave  him  fSl 

credit  for  his  courage,  and  was  Sf  opTnion  that  he 

tTv  h^Sr.P'^^-^'^^r  "^«"  to  »^£  native  coun^ 
try,  had  not  suspicions  been  entertained  of  his  de- 

^^n^A    h'™  ^*".«r**^  «8  »  tory  before  he  had 
avowed    his  prmciples.      Wasliington  considered 

JSg  ^^^^'^  -  -^'^^  P-"^»*ed  hi^I^ 

■^  -". 
(,  ■*--■ 

SlSoi*;rflJJ''f^°l?^  havnabled  tho  Canadian,  and  In- 


r -^ 

"^ 

- 

> 

m  '- 

t 

^%    •■'- 

.  _              ' 

k 

.^'■- 

/--.._ 

t\ 

*■* 

4 

■ 

.* 

1 

■^^i'T^^'X^^ppfyf^  -^ 


"■OTT'      S""'»»""1 


APPBlfDIX. 


I4d 


HOTiCB  OP  COLONEL  WILLIAM  8TARK. 

Colonel  William  Stark  whojook  a  considerable 
part  intho  scenes  of  the  French 'War,  was  the  elder 
brother  of  the  Genera^  of  that  name.  He  is  repre- 
sented as  a  man  of  considerable  address,  possessed 
of  a  chiyalroi^s  spirit  and  undaunted  courage.  *  He 
served  with  reputation  as  an  officer  of  Rangers,  iu 
the  expeditions  about  Ticonderoga  ancf  Lake 
George— was  with  Amherst  at  Louishurg,  and 
fought  under  the  victorious  banners  of  Wolfe  at 
Quebec.  « 

At  the  commencement  of  the  Revolutionary  con- 
test, he  applied  for  the  command  of  one  of  the  N. 
H.  regiments,  to  which  h^  considered  himself  enti- 
tled by  the  experience,  and  the  reputation  for  cour- 
age and  conduct,  which  he  had  acquired  in  the 
"seven  years'  war."  For  reasons  best  known  to 
themselves,  the  Gieneral  Assembly  gave  ihe  regiment 
to  another,  while  Stark,  indignant  at  what  he  "con- 
sidered a  shameful  liegleet  on  their  part,  acctoted 
overtures  from  the  enemy,  repaired  to  New- York, 
and  became  a  Colonel  in  the  British  service.  He 
was  consequently  proscribed  and  hb  estates  confis- 
cated. He  was  thrown  from  his  horse  on  Long  I*. 
land  and  killed,  which  the  General  his  brother  ob- 
served "  was  the  best  thing  William  ever  did  in 
his  life."  When  on  the«ve  of  departure  for  Now- 
Tork)  he  communicated  his  intentions  to  his  broth- 
er, and  urged  him  to  accompany  him.  He  declia- 
ed— -they  shook  hands  and  parted  never  to  meet' 
again. 

Such  was  the  end  of  a  man  calculated  to  shine  in 
a  military  career,  who  but  for  the  violence  of  his 
resentment  in  consequence  of  disappointed  ej^pecta- 
tions,  mi^ht  have  been  numbered  in  the  first' rank  of 
that  glorious  buid  of  patrioti,  whose  suflferingsand 


/. 


SA 


•  ^^-j: 


% 


,.:A 


^ 


"•^m    ^     ^^ 


146 


APPEWDia. 


perils  have  entitled  them  to  the  eternal  gratitude  of 
posterity*  < 

The  family  of  Colonel  Stark  received  about  IKL 
each,  being.one  half  of  the  sum  allowed  them  by 
the  British  Government;  of  the  other  half,  theV 
were  defrauded  by  an  agent.  The  Colonel  possess- 
ed a  large  estate,  part  of  which  was  situated  il 
t  ryeburg,  Me.  and  was  a  grant  from  the  Crown  fof 
wrvices  m  the  »  seven  years  war."  The  hill  called 
Stark's  hill  took  Us  najie  from  him.  His  eld«t 
son  John  became  an  officer  in  the  British  army. 


i:  /*■ 


£3'^s  ama. 


'♦■■<.. 


NOTICE  OF  WILLIAM  MOORE. 

William  Moore  of  Stratham,  one  of  Rogefs'  Ran- 
gers,  was  upon  a  scout  with  ten  others  w-hen  they 
were  atfackcd  by  a  party  of  savages.    In  the  fight 
which  ensued  17  Indians  and  7|langer8  fell.  Of  the* 
^irvivors  of  the  battle-one  e#aped,  another  was 
massacred  his  heart  torn  out  arif  forced  into  Moore? 
wo^c^  'h       u'^'''  <=arriedg«tive  fo  the  wilds  of  the 
«li"     "^'•f.^^^^f  ttP^fficipoint  of  being  sacri- 
ficed^and  his  body  fed  with  splinters  to  which 
hey   were  about   tf  apply   the  torch,   when  the 
squaw  whose  son  j/ad    first  laid  hands 'upon  hi^ 

huZ.ru -"\  '^L^^  ^^""^»'«^   «    tomahawk  rd 

buried  It  m  his  brains,  came  forward  and  declared 

Imt  she  woul^  adopt  him  for  her  son.  By  hiskn^w- 

tioiis  of  teJ^Savages  and  remained  with  them  six 
years  untij  by  pretending  sickness  onaccount  of  a 
hleedmg  at  the  mouth,  in*  consequence  of  ^^nnin. 
a  stick  down  his  throat,  henersuaded  them  to  takf 
him  to  a  pliysician  at  Mortfreal.  Bv  thi8.tr«t«l««f 
he  obtained  hi.liberty  anc7;eturne7to  h  s  fr  S 
H.  died  at  Stratham  In  1790,  ^t  fiS.^jZ.  CoU 


i 


I 


^ 


•'MIMpiii^- 


r''- 


^'t^r' 


-- 1 


APPENDIX. 


Ul 


Sternal  gratitude  of 

sceived  about  HOL 
allowed  them  by 
*  other  half,  they 
le  Colonel  posseas- 
1  was  situated  ia 
ona  the  Crown  for 
"  The  hill  called 
him.  His  eldest 
British  army. 


OGRE. 

B  of  Kogefs'  Ran- 
her?  when  they 
es.  In  the  fight 
igersfell.  Of  the' 
ed,  another  was 
'ced  into  Moore'i 

the  wilds  of  the 
t  of  being  sacri- 
inters  to  which 
t>rch,  when  the 
mds  upon  him, 

tomahawk  and 
•d  and  declared 
II.  By  his  know- 
gained  the  affec- 
i  with  them  six 
on  account  of  a 
fnce  of  running 
d  them  to  take 
r  this  stratagem 
to  his  friends. 
—But.  Coll. 


SKETCH  er  THE    EXPEDITION   TO  QUEBEC  IM  1759. 

After  the  repiftse  at  Ticonderoga,  and^the  capture 
of  Louisburg  the  command  of  the  English  armies  in 
America  devolved  upon  Major  General  Amherst  and 
the  following  disposition  was  made  of  the  British 
forces.  A  division  under  the  orders  of  General 
Wolfe  was  to  attempt  the  reduction  of  Quebec  ;  a 
second  under  Gen.  Amherst  was  to  be  led  against 
Ticonderoga  and  Crown  Point,  while  General  Pri- 
deaux  conducted  a  third  composed  of  Provincials 
and  Indians,  against  the  strong  hold  of  the  French 
at  Niagara.  Upon  the  approacn  of  Amherst ,  Ticon- 
deroga and  Crown  Point  were  evacuated.  Niagara 
was  oesieged  by  General  Prideaux  in  due  form. 
The  French  made  great  efforts  to  relieve  the  place 
and  a  battle  was  fought  under  the  walls,  in  the  heat 
of  which,  their  Indian  allies  deserted  them  and 
victory  declared  for  the  English'.  The  place  soon 
after  surrendered  to  Sir  William  Johnson, who  assu- 
med the  command  after  the  fall  of  General  Prideaux, 
who  had  been  killed  by  the  bursting  of  a  cannon. 

In  the  spring  of  1769,  General  Wolfesailed  from 
Louisburg  with  an  army  of  8000  men,  and  a  formi- 
dable train  of  artillery.  After  a  MvorabU  passage 
he  arrived  near  the  Isle  of  Orleans  below  Quebec, 
and  effected  a  landing  withotlt  much  difficulty. 
From  this  position  he  took  a  survey  of  the  fortifi- 
cations ;  and  such  appeared  to  be  their  strength, 
that  bold  and  adventurous  as  he  was,  he  entertained, 
doubts  of  success.  Quebec  is  situated  on  the  north 
side  of  the  St.  Charles.  The  upper  town  is  built 
upon  a  lofty  rock  which  extends  with  a  bold  steep 
front  far  to  westward,  rendering  the  city  impregna- 
ble on  that  side  ;  and  tlie  lower  town  is  situated  at 
the  base  of  the  same  rock.  On  the  other  side  th» 
river  St.  Charles  with  its  ravines  and  broken  chan- 
nel, constitutes  a  good  defence.     On  its  eastern 


"«». 


-rn 


*.„w^^... 


■--*•.*  w,»f-.-.«-*  1 


imlrr 


•r     ,,J  n"^  J 


148 


/    APPEKBIX. 


Henry  wSh  ,aoh  astonUhW  ceSf  ^^  ■    'I'lSS 
•i..4,„pli*J^;,t"n:,™»7  ••«  power  for 

■i  "I  The  itXi^i^'  f^-^  •^r.  r.""  •»■•«' 

found  the  fortifeiur.  fci^"  "l""'  **  '"••"".  6« 
•nd  that  h"  bSS  ±^1°"  rtrongtffb.  ..tacked, 
to  make  an  effectMn.»r    •*'  '"''  «™»'  «  """tanw 

irttMk  a  reJonbt  whlh  Sd  not  tsit^Jf.  ""  '° 
ed  by  the  enemv  will.  tS^^  ^^ .  """">"■' 
woofd  lead  themtnii-   f  "P'  *■"■' ""''  "Jour 

■uffered  the  English  r«#ob  "^^  ***^  P°«^»«n» 


?.'.>■  i*'^,- 


■>.  'Ji.niwr*- 


■■  *  »...  ....^.*.. 


,.    .-..  ,  >. 


/ 


■7  '""r 


nen  were  strongly 
Jcted  by  an  impen- 
ommanded  by  the 
t^o  had  two  years 
^egoand  William 
•ity,  and  in  176a 
H)  nien  from  the 
all  these  obstacles 
w  possessed  of  a 
iai  enthusiasm,  to 
relinquishing  the 
in  his  power  for 

v^i  on  the  south 
t  the  houses,  but 
)g  to' be  attacked, 
great  a  distance 
•n  the  city.  He 
5ncy  and  attack 
Thirteen  com- 
2d  Royal  Amer- 
that  river ,whiie 
epared  to  crols 
design  was  to 
'ily  be  succour-. 
It  their  ardour 
onent.  But  the 
^e  of  position, 
sion  of  the  re- 
relieve  its  de- 
len  led  up  to 
I  with  such  a 
hem  to  repass 
le  of  Orleans, 
General  next 
ich  fleet.  He 
I  on  the  north 


APPENDIX. 


149 


iiition;  provisions  and  clothing.  Hearing  at  this 
time,  of  the  go^d  fortune  of  the  British  armies  at 
Niagara,  Ticojideroga  ,and  Crown  Point,  Wolfe 
coHid  not  help  contrasting  his  own  embarrassments, 
with  the  success  of  his  confederates.  The  chagrin 
of  disappointment  prayed  upon  his  lofty  spirit  and 
delicate  constitution  ;  and  his  health  began  to  de- 
cline. ,  He  expressed  a  resolution  never  to  survive 
the  disgrace  which  would  attend  a  failure  of  the  en- 
terprise. His  despatches  at  this  time  to  Mr.  Pitt 
appear  to  have  been  written  with  a  view  to  prepare 
the  nation  for  the  disaster  which  might  follow. 
'  "  We  have"  says  he,  "^mMA  the  whole  force  of 
Canada  to  oppose.  In  jflBchoice  of  difficulties, 
I  own  myself  at  a  loss  mHjpp "determine.  The  af- 
fairs of  Great  Britain,  fTcnow,  require  the  most  vig- 
orous measures ;  but  the  courage  of  a  handful  of 
brave  men  should  be  exercised  only  where  there  is 
hope  of  a  favourable  event."  Amherst  the  Com- 
mander in  Chief  who  had  agreed  to  advance  to  his 
support,  after  the  reduction  of  Ticonderoga  and 
Crown  Point,  led  his  army  into  winter  quarters. 
Wolfe  though  disappointed  at  this  failure,  suffered 
not  a  word  to  escape  him  which  reflected  upon  the 
conduct  of  that  General ;  for  this  distinguished 
man  whose  character  history  is  proud  to  delineate, 
was  as  remarkable  for  his  delicacy,  as  for  the  other 
<pialitie8  of  his  noble  mind.  At  the  same  time,  it 
is  certain  that  the  misfortunes  and  cruel  embarrass- 
ments of  the  English  were  wholly  owing  to  the 
want  of  exertion  in  the  commander  in  chief. 
"  It  was  next  resolved  to  attempt  a  landing  above 
the  town.  The  camp  at  Orleans  was  broRen  up, 
the  army  embarked  on  board  the  fleet,  one  division 
landed  at  Point  Levi,  and  the  other  carried  higher 
up  the  river.  A  plan  suited  to  the  adventurous 
spirit  and  genius  of  the' British  chief  now  suggested 
itself.     It  was  proposed  to  scale  a  precipice  on  the 


f 


'opot 
J3^ 


•'■-■ff\ 


160.  \ 

^  .  ^  APPENDIX.  '**:... 

precipice  wi  acl^t  on  "  t'?„^  ^ 
.     stream  was  rapid,  the  sho '^  t^i  "?'''"'*T  n'^' **>« 
such  ascould  not  p^Ji.    f  ^"^Wlar,  the  landing 

the  stee^ablv^rJlS^/f^t:"?  1^  'fr^'  ^^ 

position  froman  enemy.  The  S^^^rp"^^^^ 

to  gain  these  heights  wonhl.^.^r'S."*'^  ^^'^^ 

an  engagement  ;  AlS  kn^e wtte^S'  '"^ 
tion  of  a  great  portioiv  of  K.C V  '"®  destruc- 

consequeniofrfL'LTe     fc  '"^"''^  «>«  »»>« 

that  something  should  be  don?'  TT'^  ^^^^^^^^r 
lient  was  put  on  board  thp  /strong  detach- 

-ervice;  and  fijiSnlv  d?J  '  dostined  for  the 
^English  arrived  ^  ZTr\eZ^ rV^V'"^^^ '^^ 
place  fixed  upon.      WoL^i    J^'l^''^''^  ^^  the  ■ 
leaped  on  shore"    lie^^7oV^!A''  "'^  ^^o 
landers  and  Light  1^^"^  oSetl  lo''  "'^'*- 
tended  to  secure  a  battery  n^t  T!n' r*"  T*"*  »"' 
trenched  patl^)y  which  th?fr^      ^  ^^""^  **'«  «"' 
and  to  co^er  SeVndW  o?  theif  Z""'  *^  "^*"^' 
violence  of  the  stream  forced  Xn."*^^^^^     '^^^ 
from  their  intended  place  oTlni        f""^^  ^'^^'^n^e 
pelled    them,  to    scrambl«    ^'^^'^f^^^O"*  and  corn- 
lid  of  its  projecUonsraSheh^    K^  T^  ^y  '^ 
grew  in  the  cleftrryersLh  wir.^^^     ^^Z***'  ^'^icb 

his  strong  position  nnont  ho  u'*  "P'**'**'    ^e  left 


.liiiM.-.'  -;-.., xtjjk^-^.'  i^M-v.  ■ 


APPBNDIX. 


15t 


siegers.  As  soon  as  this  movement  was  perceived, 
Wolfe  eagerly  formed  hiii  order  of  battJe.  His  right 
wmg  was  commanded  by  General  Monckton,  and 
covered  Ijy  the  Louisburg  grenadiers  ;  his  left  by 
General  Towhshend  protected  by  the  Highlanders 
and  Light  infantry.  Webb's  regiment  formed  the 
reserve.  The  riglit  and  left  wjngs  of  th6  French 
were  composed  of  European  and  colonial  troops. 
A  body  of  French  from  the  centre,  advanced  against 
the  English.  They  were  supported  by  two  field 
pieces  andpreceded  by  an  irregular  corps  of  MiJitia 
and  Indians  who  kept  up  a  galling  fire. 

The  movements  of  the  French  indicating  a  design 
to  turn  the  British  left,  Wolfe  ordered  the  battalion- 
of  Royal  Americans,  to  that  part  of  his  line  where 
they  were  formed  en  potence  under  General  Town- 
shend,  presenting  a  double  front  to  the  enemy.  The . 
French  naarchedf  bravely  up  and  began  the  actiott ; 
but  the  English  reserving  their  fire  until  they  were 
very  near,  then  gave  jt  with  decisive  effect.  The  tSo 
Generals  opposed  each   other— Wolfe  posting  him^ 
self  on  the  right  of  the  English,  and  Aldntcalm  on  ' 
th^left  of  the  French.     In   the   beginning  ef  the 
action,  the  British  G^cneral  received  a  shot  through 
the  wrist,  but  wrapping  his  hankcrchicf  around  it, 
ordered  the  grenadiers  to  charge  ;  and  advancing 
himself  at  their  head,  with  all  the  zeal  and  intrepid- 
ity  of  hir  character,  receivfed  a  mortal  wound,  and 
was  carried  to  the  rear.  General  Monckton,  now  as-  '• 
Slimed  the  command  in  chief,  and  was  succeeded  in 
his  place  by  (Jeneral   Townshend.    The  Marquis 
de  Montcalm  also  fell,  and  his  troops  charged  by 
the  English  with  fixed  bayonets,  and  by  the  High- 
landers  with  their  broadswords,  gave  way  and  after 
one  attempt  to  rally,  were  driven  partly 'into  Que- 
bec and  partly  into  the  river  St.   Charles.    Thus 
their  attempt  to  turn  the  English  left    completely 
failed.     MeanwhUe  Wolfe  forgetful   of  his  sufibr- 


1 

■.« 

'1 

:' 

1 
1 

1 

^    1 

J' 

> 

■  ■  i 

1 

•  ,i 

i    ■      *    ^ 

■■;  y-' 

;.' 

'  '3 

'  1 

-1 

! 

."m 

1 

1 


If 


r>.'«<V">Sii?fim:,'T?'<Sg55K^^3 


153    . 


APPENDIX. 


!■     I 


1 

N 

i 

)■ 

^w 


ings  and  alive  onljf  to  glory,  surveyed  the  field  with 
the  utmost  anxiety.     He  had  been  shot  through  the 
wrist  in  the  commencement  of  the  action  but  with- 
out manifesting   any  uneasiness   continued  to  en- 
courage  his  soldiers.     Soon  after  another  ball  pi«r. 
ced  his  groin,  and  a-third  his  breast,  which  compel- 
led  bim  to  be  removed  from  the  heat  of  the  cota- 
test**  His  eye  was  still  fixed  upon  the  movements 
of  the  troops,  until  faint  vi^ith  the  I9SS  of  blood  he 
rechned  his  head  upon  the  shoulder  of  one   of  his 
staflr,  continuing  his  encjuiries  as  to  the  fate  of  the 
day.     Although  nature  was  nearly,  ejthausted,   he 
roused  himself  at  the  words,  "Ihey  fly,  thev  fly  »» 
-Which  reached  his  ear.      "Who  fly?"  cx'clainied 
the  hero.     On  being  told  the  French,    he  added, 
"then  I  depart  content ;"  and  immediately  expir- 
ed with  th^  shout  of  victory  in  his  car. 

Thus  fell  the  gallant  WoIfiS,  fronj  whose  talent* 
Ins  country  had  indulged  the  highest  expectation! 
and  whose  conduct  through  his  short  but  brilliant 
career,  fully  demonstrated' that  they  were  not  form- 
ed of  one  who  was  unable  or  unwilling  to  support 
them.  Brave,  enterprising,  dignified,  and  humane, 
he  poMessed  all  the  virtues  of  the  military  charac- 
ter. His  actions  are  held  up  to  the  imitation  of 
every  British  soldier,  while  numerous  songs  and 
ballads  proclaim  his  merits  and  perpetuate  his  fame 
with  his  countrymen. 

But  while  we  pronounce  the  eulogium  of  success- 
rul  intrepidity,  let  us  not  forget  that  valour  may  be 
displayed  when  it  is  not  rewarded  bv  fortune  ;  and 
that  if  the  victors  upon  this  glorious  occasion,  are 
celebrated  for  courage  and  conduct,  their  noble  an- 
tagonists are  likewise  entitled  to  praise.  The  Mar- 
S^*1r**  ^ontca'm  was  an  opponent  worthy  of 
WoIf«.  Their  minds  were  of  kindred  vigor—the 
same  love  of  glory  animated  both,  and  led  them  to 
the  same  fearlessness  of  danger— the  same  contempt 


4k.. 


^i*„:^ 


»«  "■j^-?. 


ed  the  field  with 
hot  through  the 
action  but  with- 
ontinued  to  en- 
nother  ball  pi«r- 
.,  which  compel- 
Bat   of  the  cc^- 
the  movements 
?ss  of  blood  he 
"  of  one   of  his 
the  fate  of  the 
.  exhausted,    he 
fly,  they  Hy  !" 
y  ?"  exclaimed 
ch,   he  added, 
ediatfily  expir- 
car. 

\  whose  talent« 
3t  expcctationf, 
•t  but  brilliant 
were  not  form- 
ling  to  support 
1,  and  humane, 
ilitary  charac- 
8  imitation  of 
a  us  songs  and 
etuate  las  fame 

ira  of  success- 
'^alour  maybe 
fortune  ;  and 
occasion,  are 
heir  noble  an- 
«.  The  Mar- 
It  worthy  of 
id  vigor — the 
d  led  them  to 
ime  contem|4 


APPENDIX. 


IBS 


of  death.  His  troops  being  defeated  notwithstand- 
ing all  liis  exertions,  Montcalm  expressed  the  high- 
est satisfactiDQ  upon  learning  that  his  wound  was 
mortal ;  and  when  told  that  he  could  live  but  a  few 
hours,  he  replied,  "  so  much  the  better,  I  shall  not 
live  to  see  the  surrender  of  Quebec. " 

The  battle  of  the  heights  of  Abraham*  was  fol- 
k>wed  by  the  reduction  of  the  city  and  ultimately 
by  the  capitulation  of  Canada.  The  French  made 
some  attempts  to  recover  their  lost  dominions ;  and 
Monsieur  the  Count  Levi  after  driving  back  to  the 
city  a  body  of  3000  men  tnen  under  General ,  Mur- 
ray, opened  his  batteries  before  Quebec.  But  a 
stronj^  fleet  arriving  from  England,  coinpelled  him 
to  false  the  siege  and  retire  to  Montreal,  whero 
Mons.  Vaudreuil,  the  Governor  GeneraJ  had  con- 
centrated the  whole  strength  of  the  Colony  ;  and 
where  he  surrendered  his  army  and  the  Province  of 
Canada  to  General  Amherst,  Sept.  8,  1760. 


NR.  JOHN    SHUTe's    ACCOUWT    OP    A    JOURNEY    PROM 
CROWN  POINT  TO  QUEBEC  IN  1760 

In  March  1760,  General  Amherst,  Commander  in 
chief  of  the  British  forces  in  America,  having  de- 
termined to  enter  Canada  by  way  of  Oswego,  and 
Lake  Ontario*,  and  thencQ  down  the  St.  Lawrence 
to  Montreal,  where  the  French  army  was  concentra- 
ted, while  another  division  of  his  troops  approach- 
ed'the  same  point  by  way  of  the  Sorell,  desired  to 

*  Many  of  those  wlio  gaine4  laurels  upon  the  plains  of  Abra- 
ham were  natives  of  New  England.  Among  these  ware  a  corp» 
of  Rangers  who  had  served  at  Louisburg,  and  from  thence  pro.y[ 
oeeded  with  the  expedition  to  Quebec.  They  were  coinmandeq ' 
by  Captain  William  Stark  of  New-Hampshin,  the  elder  brother 
of  the  late  General.  7  " 


=^ 


4" 


9^- 


i  :M 


MhK^'^V*-*  ■■*-'" 


•V-'.  ''k)"^ 


•■I 


.— v>:-5^"'^':'*--'--^i 


-"«<<^f|ir.«Si»||J|piiiJlillr  ||.,TO«»iT«f> 


..t| 


-•'msists.WiW'   rjsfm    W'-.'.'BWWiifHjpr" 


; 


f  f 

F     1 

ll 

II  ; 

154 


APPENDIX. 


.  forward  a  despatch  to  General  Murray  at  Quebec, 
informing  him  of  his  intended  movements  and  re- 
quiring his  co-operation.  With  this  view,  he  di- 
rected  Major  Rogers  to  select  a  suitable  jjarty  from 
the  corps  of  Rangers,  whose  fidelity  could  be  relied 
upon,  and  who  were  well  acquainted,  with  the 
woods,  to  proceed  from  Crown  Point  to  Quebec, 
and  deliver  the  despatch  to  tl«|  commanding  Gener- 

"  al  at  that  city.  The  distance  /as  then  estimated 
at  fivoliundred  miles,  a  great  portion  of  which  dis- 
tance lay  through  a  country  infested  by  numerous 
hordes  of  hostile  Indians,  and  by  a  French  popula- 
tion, w^om  the  previous  ravages  of  the  Rangers  had 
rendered  an^  thing  but  friendly  to  the  English 
name.  ^^ 

From  the  dangerous  nature  of  the  undertaking,  a 
reward  of  fifty  pounds  was  offered  to  any  four  who 
would  volunteer  for  the  service.     Sergeant  Beverty 
who  had  been  d>  prisoner  of  war  and  escaped  from 
Canada  the  preceding  year,  with-  Luxford  Good- 
win, Joseph  Eastman  and  Jfohn  Shute,*  volunteer- 
ed for  the  expedition.     They  took  ch&f-ge  of  the 
despat<;h  together  with  a  large  number  of  other  let- 
ters, from  officers  at  Crown  Point,  to  their  friends 
in  the  army  at  Quebec  ;  and  on  the  third  of  April, 
.  Were  landed  at  Missisqui  Bay.     Thence  they  were 
ordered  to  proceed  to  the  riVer  St.  Francis,  by  tlie 
same  rout  the  Rangers  pursued^  when  they  ^troy- 
ed  the  Indian  village  upon  that  river,  the  year  Be- 
fore.     Rogers  directed  them  to  keep  in  the  woods, 
avoiding  all  settlements,  and  upon  uo  consideration 
to  cross  the  river  in  the  day  time,  for  fear   of  dis- 
covery by  the  Indians. 

With  these  instructians,  they  left  the  Bay  and 
proceeding  many  days  through  wet  marshy  grounds, 

•  Eutman%id  Shute  both  belonged  to  Concord,  N.  H.  They 
were  compaittbna  and  meaimatei  through  the  French  war;  and 
equally  diatingaiahed  for  their  enterpriae  and  good  cenduet. 


t 


-■■L 


■'3^-^ 


'S^",       ^^      '    ^    •■■  ■•^-W*."-i(i^"«nTiwa   , 


•«\-V\ 


•  ».~,„s...*f  ■'.^. 


▲rrsuDix. 


155 


nrhere  they  could  scarcely  find  a  dry  spot  to  en- 
TampuP^n'^t  night,  they  reached   the  St- Franks 
one  Sunday  morning,  striking  the  rjver  J"»t  ^ove 
a  rapid.    They  now  consulted  whether  it  was  bet- 
ter for  them  to  disobey  orders,  and  cross  immediate- 
ly, or  to  Avait  until  night.     They  came  to  a  conclu- 
riinlhat  they  were  far  enough  from  the  army,  to 
be  their  own  masters,  and  determined  to  cross  the 
river  as  soon  .is  possible.    For  this  purpose,  they 
collected  a  quantity  of  driftwood  and  constructed 
two  rafts,  at  some  distance  above  the  falls,  m  order 
that   two   of  the  party   might  first  cross,  and  if 
they  found  no  cause  of  alarm,  notify  the  others  to 
follow  with  the  letters.  ^.  By  casting  lots,  it^  feji  up- 
on Shttte«nd  Eastman  to  cross  first,  who  »mmedi- 
•Lly  pushed  oif  ;  but  as  they  had  no  better  instru^ 
menu  than  poles  with  which  to  work   t^'c^f'^/' 
current  proving  stronger  than   they  ^F^^ed    car- 
ried them  some  distance  down  stream,  and  they  ^sa 
ved  themselves  by  leaping  npon  a  rock,  just  at  the 
head  of  theFalls,'against  thepomt  of  ^J»'><^h;  ^heir 
via  struck.    They  saved  their  guns  and  knapsacks, 
with  all  their  provisions  and  ammunition 

After  reconnoitring,  and  finding  no  ^^^^^\'>^Jl'^ 
enemy,  they  called  to  the  others  to  come  oyer,  war- 
niM  ^hem^o  attempt  the  passage  higher   up  the 
SmVbut  not  sufficiently  regardmg  this  caution, 
fh^^r^  was  suffered  to  eJter  the  current,  where  it 
.oon  WaSie  unmanageable.      Finding    that  they 
"^Z  «o  oC  the  falls,'they  t^;  down  their  po^e. 
must  go  «r;  ^_„^      shute  an^astman  told  them 
S'thr^  off  XSothes  and  sit  down  wjiich  jjey 
aid-W  the  raft  went  down  the  rapids.    From  » 
Si  ^ich  overlooked  the  stream,  Shute  and  h.. 
*c^;Lnron  hatched  their  d-cent, ;« they  «^^^^^^^^^ 
Iv  anpeared  and  disapp«iared,  pj^smg  tf  »"S Vu" 
'^,d  Rarly  an  .Ui)  of  a  mUe  m  extent  ^  They 
]hen  rw  down  to  the  foot  of  the  fall,  wnen  iney 


^ 


T-^,,-'^>T^ris.*- 


^n  n  1, ji m ,  tj !!Wf|pWiW»nil'M.'f*."''"'^ " "  *  ^'W'- 


\ 


I'i 


u 


U    i 


lli 


'mar 


156 


APHENDIX. 


mg,  and    provisions,  together  wUh  all    the    let- 
ters.     Shute  and    Eastman    here  divided    their 
clothing,  and  provisions  with  the  other  twtTand  the 
whole  party  again  consulted  as  to  the  expSliency  of 
going  lorwaid,  or  returning.     They  con^dered  that 
f  they  should  fall  into  the  enemy4  hi  without 
their  papers,   they    would   be  in  danZr  of  bejnj 
hanged  as  spies;  and  if  they  went  bacl^iogerg  would 
ciUl  them  cowards,  and  traitors,  wl^  had  made  up 
a  fdse  and  iinprobable  account  tq^xcuse  their  own 
imbecility.     1  hey  concluded  r,ither  to  take  their, 
chance  of  the  cruelty  of  the  eiiemy  than  meet  the 
reproaches  dt    Rogers,*  aiid  proceeded  on  their 
journey.    From  this  plac^,  they  proceeded  throueh 
a  wet  swampy  country,  With  scarcely  any  provis- 
ions  for  several  days,  until  one   Sunday  mJirnine, 
when  they  heard  the  sound  of  a  Ml.     They  follow- 
ed the  so,md  and  came  in  sight  of  people  giing  to  a 
Catholic  Chaiiel.     Concealfng  themselves  until  the 
services  had  commenced  and  all  was  quiet,  they  en- 
teicd  a  house  whose  occupants  were  at  church,  hel- 
ped themselves  to  provisions  and  clothing,  and  re- 

From  this  they  followed  a  foot  path  into  the 
woods,  which  at  a  quarter  of  a  mile's  distance, 
broueht  them  to  a  log  house,  against  the  gable  end 
of  which,  a  ladder  rested  leading  to  a  door  fasten- 
cd  with  a  padlock,  which  breaking  open  with 
their  hatchets,  they  discovered  a  large  chest,  filled 
with  female  clothing  of  the  richest  quality.f    Help- 

•  A  MBtiment  worthy  of  the  Grecian  Clearchui  who  d.M.»j 


""     "T^Z^' 


AFrCHPlZ. 


157 


wnt,  and  Inonf lit 


HigthemielTa  to  a  share  of  the  plunder,  they  pur- 
■lied  their  inarch  in  the  woods,  avoiding  all  roads, 
ilntil  nearly  night,  when  they  ventured  again  to  ap- 
proach the  settlements.*  After  the  village  peoplo 
Ind  retired  to  rest,  they  entered  a  barn  in  ^est  oi  a 
hog  for  provision.  As  they  opened  the  door,  a  calf 
fan  oat  which  Ihey  killed  and  divided  into  four 
pvrts.  Then  proceeding  to  the  garden  of  a  gentle- 
liian's  house,  tliey  rifled  it  of  what  vegetables  they 
had  occasion  for,  and  after  doing  all  the  mischief 
thfey  could  in  the  garden,  it  being  part  of  the  Rut- 
gers' creed  to  dotheir  enemies  all  the  damage  in  their 
Slower,  retreated.  Retirmg  with  their  booty  about 
(>ur  miles  into  the  woods,  they  kindled  a  'fire,  re- 
fireshed  themselves  with  part  of  their  provision, 
dried  the  remainder  in  the  smoke,  and  made  mo«- 
easins  of  the  skin. 

Pnrsuinff  their  march  thre^  or  four  days,  they  as- 
cended a  niffh  hill,  the  top  of  which  exhibited 
memorials  of  an  Indian  encampment  the  winter  be- 
foul. 

From  Ithis  eminence,  they  saw  for  the  first  time, 
the  riveif  St  Lawrence,  andi  alarge  encampment  of 
regular  troops  upon  the  bank.  This  was  about 
twenty  miles  above  Quebec.  The  party  were  herv 
indoubt  whether  the  troops  were  French  or  £»• 
gluh;  but  sergeant  Beverly  determined  against  tha 
^nsent  of  the  others,  that  he  would  ascertain  wheth' 
cr  they  were  friends  or  foes;  and  if  foes,  would 
a^e  a  signal  that  they  might  take  care  of  them- 
selves.  His  companions  watched  his  progress,  saw 
him  stopped  by  the  sentinel,  and  after  a  moment's 
pause,  enter  the  camp,  where  several  officers  shook 
hands  with  him ;  upon  this,  they  all  followed  and 
were  received  with  open  arms  by  the  English.  Af^ 
t«  stating  their  business  to  the  cominaiiaer,  he  put 


) 


•Mfpowd  on  tlw  ChmMtm  mu, 
14 


■(>/ 


H 


r ' 


r ! 


lf8 


APPBMOIX. 


themi  on  b^ard  a  boat  to  proceed  to  head  quarters  at 
Quebec,  where  they  arrived  at  midnight^d  were 
•ondMed  to  General  Murray's  Kiich^    There 
they  slept  upon  the  floor  until  morning,  when  thev 
were  ieveraHy  conducted  into  a  large  hall  lined  with 
mirrors  in  which  were  about  one  hundred  Officers. 
There  says  Mr.  Shute,  "  each  man,  received  a  glass 
of  liquor,  such  as  I  have  never  tatted  before  nor 
since,  nor  have  I  ever  drank  any  thing  so  good  in 
my  life."    After  this  they  were  directed  to  tell  their 
several  stories,  which  as  they  had  previously  agreed 
upon  a  statement  of  facts,  coincided  Vfery  well  al- 
though they  were  separately  examined.  TheGener- 
aj^  and  the  soldiers  made  them  welcome,  and  invited 
them  to  remain  as  long  as  they  pleased.    After  rett- 
ing a  few  davs,  they  applied  to  the  General  for  Wave 
to  return,  whb  told  theni  to  wait  a  few  days  longer, 
and  they  should  move  with  the  army  towards  Mon- 
treal, and  that  he  would  give  them  four  guineas 
each,  extra  pay.  ;They  did  so,  and  joined  their  own 
torps  at  Montreal  in  September,  Rogers  arriving  sooB 
after,  there  they  witnessed  the  surrender  of  Canada 
ocpt.  8,  1760. 

Geueral  Murray  is  represented  by  Mr.  Shute,  u  a 
small  active  old  gentleman,  prompt  and  dedkive  in 
all  his  movements,  and  a  great  favorite  widi^e  %S 
diers.  While  he  commanded  the  garrisopat^iP  '  ""* 
ter  the  surrender  of  that  city  to  the  EnglFii] 
time  before  his  advance  to  Montreal,  Monsia 
made  an  attempt  to  recapture  Quebec.     Oenen» 
Murray  advanced  to  meet  him  at  Sillery  with  three 
Miousand  men,  a  severe  action  took  irfacc,  and  the 
English  were  driven  back  to  the  citjr, '  which  they 
defendcd-against  the  subsequent  siege  of  tbeFr^ch 
General;  wTio  after  several  attacks  and  an  ii^effectii- 
al  cannonade,  drew  off  hit  troope  and  retired  to-, 
wards  Montreal. 


"•\7- 


K 


r,.^,»«* 


,  wi' 


head  uuartenil 

icheli.     Thcrt 
ing,  when  tbw 
I  hall  lined  with 
indrcd  dfficen. 
eceived  aglan 
Eted  before  nor 
ngso  good  in 
ted  to  teli  their 
ivioiisly  agreed 
d  v6rv  well  al- 
id.  TheGener- 
le,  and  invited 
d.    After  reat- 
ineral  for  kavt 
IV  days  longer, 
towards  Mon- 
I  four  gfeiineas 
iiied  their  own 
s  arriving  soon 
ler  of  Cbnada 

[r.  Shi|te,  as  a 
id.dediiive  in 

pat^r 

Engflj 
ilonuc 

•ec.     Menerl 

ry  with  threa' 

ace,' and  tha 

r  which  they 

>f  the  French 

I  an  in^efiecti^ 

i  r^tirad  t«< 


y- 


ArpBiinix. 


^%t.  rRAiieiB. 


iM 


The  village  of  St.  Francis,  situated  near  th^  Lake 
of  the  fame  name,  consisted  of  about  40  wigivaais, 
thrown  together  in  a  disorderly  clump.  It  contain'- 
«d  a  GathoTie  Church,*  in  which,  mass  was  i>erforai- 
ed  night  and  morning.  Every  Sunday  the  congre> 
gation  was  summoned  by  a  bell,  and  the  attendance 
was  general.  The  ceremonies  were  performed  by  a 
French  friar,  who  lived  in  the  midst  bftMiiAyUant 
for  the  benefit  of  their  souls:  he  appeared^ 
that  place,  what  the  legislative  branch  f 

Bveriiments;tlic  grand  sachem  being  thj^ 
te  inhabitants  loved  in  perfect  harmoni 
most  of  their  property"  m  common,  f-^mm''^ 
extremely  modest,  prone  to  indolence  at  home,  and 
reluctant  to  undergo  the  labours  of  planting,  or  the 
fiitigues  of  the  chase;  in  fact,  the  passions  of  avar 
ice  and  revenge  exciting  (hem  to  war  and  plunder, 
appear  to  be  the  most  powei^ful  stimulants  wnich  op* 
eri^e  upon  the  savage  mind. 

'f  homas  Ames,  of  Northumberland,  N.  H.  was 
seized  at  his  house  by  a  party  9,f  St.  Fcancis  In- 
dians and  carried  home  to^  ^ir  settlement  to.  b« 
tried  upon  a  charge  of  robbiA||  fheiip  liuntcrs'  camps 
of  fur.  He  was  tried  by  their  council — ^the  sachem 
and  his  old  men  sitting  in  front,  and  the  squaws 
behind  them,  to  keep  the  record  of  the  proceeding. 
Nothing  being  found  against  Ames,  he  was  acquit- 
ted. Upon  which,  the  chief  told  the  court,  that 
Thomas  had  been  detained  from  his  business,  and 
must  be  compensated  ;  accordingly  a  birch  bucket 
was  passed  round,  and  each  one  put  into  it  a  piece 
of  money,  as  damages;  for  the  false  imprisonment. 
After  which,  he  was  directed  to  wrestle  with  their 

•  Among  tha  •poilt  of  St.  Fr&ncis,  Rogers  brought  •w»jr» 
■n&ll  C&tholio  imag*  carioudy.  wrought  in  Mlid  lilvor,  waigluag 
•h^ttt  !•  lb. 


\    : 


•*«.-: 


1-. 


^ 

"•'l||''^ 


K 


#! 


;!^r- 


r,,***! 


•S^ 


f-*.-**  ♦»■-'  **»f   ' 


,  *i  •<^ 


feWfJIi 


A 


<•, 


V 


•   \ 


160 


APPENDIX. 


Tonng  men,  and  being  strong  and  active,  threw  them 
We  ^'S«rr  '°  ""ake  thiir  fall  a,  ha^d  Us  pSS? 
WM-rili  o  "*  "^"  ^''^^^^  *'«*rtily  at  their  youni 
CSri-     ^^P®?*®-    ^^^  *^^'ef  treated  him  welf 

in  a  down  bed,  (the  best  ho  had  ever  seen,)the  sheets 

ffieL '    Th.Tl'^y  '"f"'**''^  *""  *«» «»  about  his 
siSnn!Si*   K    *"u"*'^"'*'"«"t  at  St    Francifis 

cirrmfai:^^''  '""  ""^^  ""^^  *»^«  ^o»«^«« 

Ei^Sh^^^rp"  ^«^V*"  ''^^'  had  introduced  the 
co^^S^i^ipL*^*^?^^*'  ^^o^t^y*  the  Ameris- 
of  Kn!^^  *^?awket  tribe  retired  to  the  head 
blv  f^^*'"'  "^*''  J^****^  ^^^y  «'""ned  peaoea. 
refarn JT  ^^'?L  ^  ^^^  «"^  *>^  »»>**  'ime,  a  quar- 
SeoarL^  f'^^'r^  '*!?"'  ^^  *»•«  Ameriscoggin  tribe 
te^whe^.T*''  andsettled^upon  thl^-iver  St. 
«..II!Sl    "*'^®''*®y*"«™a»ntothis  day.    The  Pe- 

Kptfteii^rj^'^'^'^'t^^^^^^^^^ 
.«f  RSiren'^nf".^"""^*  *'»^^r  '^hief.-He  was  one 
PrancS  "  nT'^^^'Jrrf"'  ^»th  him  to  destroy  St. 

Porti^ro?L«"i''*  *"'.™*"  ^^«  entered  the 
aS.  W  £.?f  »"b'";«  at  its  capture  by  General 
*mnerst.  This  provoked  the  Ranffers  "that  &  H-_.l 

^i^!^^*cSHedM^«*'W^*^''  «^'-"'  H^^4^ 
P^?dS  in  1h  "LT"^*'  *"^  »  remembered  b^  old 
W  mn  *'»^.»«'^hern  parts  of  N.  H.  as  an  excel- 
lent  moccasin  maker.  Philip  joined theUS  in 
2hiff:S  "'^""'  yyingthat  he^anT  hi!  tribe  wer. 

ih«  fL"^  *  ^"^^^^  the«surprise  of    St.  Pran«is 

Lieu     riT"  ^^"«««*^  »"  a  weddi.^  fS: 
weut.  Jacob  Parringlon  of    Andover  Mum    »mi 

Benjamm  BradJey  of  Concord  N    H    two^f  ^. 

JjJ|t«t  men  of  their  time,  headed  "ne  ^f  JuU?' 


♦ 


0 


•  .-«»«f.»*'  ••%  .>„,  v.»- 


.......^:   ^.^^s^' 


'•"  V 


^: 


APPENDIX. 


161 


They  came  to  the  door  of  the  house,  where  the 
wedding  had  taken  place,  and  pushed  against  it  so 
violently,  that  the  hinges  gare  way,  and  Bradley 
fell  in  headlong  among  the  Indians,  who  were  asleep- 
upon  the  floor.  They  were  all  slain  before  they 
could  make  any  resistance.        ^  ,      „ 

In  returning  from  this  expedition,  the  Rangers 
struck  Connecticut  river  at  the  uper  Coos;  which 
they  mistook  .for  the  lower  Coos.  Bradley  here  re- 
marked, that  if  he  was  in  his  full  strength,  he  would 
be  at  his  father's,  house  in  three  days.  He  took  a 
point  of  compass  which  at  the  lower  Coos,  would 
have  brought  him  to  the  Merrimack;  but  at  the  up- 
per  Coos,  would  bring  him  out  near  the  White  Hills; 
and  left  the  party,  accompanied  by  a  Ranger,  and  a 
Mulatto  man.  The  next  year  a  party  pf  hunters 
found  the  bones  of  a  man,  in  Jefferson  near  the 
White  Hills;  before  him  were  three  half  burnt  brands 
piled  together:  and  aquantity  of  silver  broaches  and 
Wampum  lay  scattered  about;  the  hair  was  long  and 
tied  with  a  leather  ribbon  such  as  Bradley  wore; 
no  arms  were  with  him,  nor  any  signs  pf  his  compan- 

In  their  return  firom  St.  Francis,  the  Rangers  suf- 
fered every  hardship  which  men  could  endure. 
Their  powder  horns,  ball  pouches,  and  "^ther  ac- 
coutrements were  successively  boiled  and  eaten. 
Mr.  Evans  of  Concord  who  was  one  of  the  Rangers, 
states  that  one  night  while  the  men  were  all  asleep 
in  their  camp,  his  cravings  for  food  were^so  insup- 
portable,  that  he  awoke  from  sleep,  and  seeinff  a 
large  knapsack  belonging  to  one  of  his  cortradei, 
opened  it  in  hopes  of  finding  •omething  to  satisfy 
hw  hunger;— that  he  found  in  it  three  human  heads; 
that  ho  cut  a  piece  from  one  of  them,  broiled  anrt 
eat  it,  while  tW  men  continued  to  dpep:  but  that 
he  would  die  with  hunger,  before  heVould  do  the 
like  again.  He  said  that  when  their  distresses  were 
14* 


A. 


1«« 


AFPf  JfDIX, 


bumaii 


,/ 


j^j 


CEoirir  poiHT. 


*■* 


l«  angles,  t&inJlntio^^^^^^  ^"^  «»  «»«  of 

m4he  form  of  a  PenC  with  hi*./  '^'"  "  «»«»•  work 
and  a  strong  rcdouTof2sn*T".  *'«»*''» «"«'«. 
each.  It  is  alrrount?b/f  dff '  '1,  !?':'^"*^«^ 
9tono  except  wl.ere  ithas  bee*  c^th7'^^''?.P  ^'*»» 
lime  stone  ledge.  The  waSs  .1  r  **  «i*'  '•*«  »»"<» 
hif  h.  With  a  path  Si  r7und  '  S"*^^®  ***  **  '^'^ 
ted  only  by  the  cates  ««  ??       ""V*'*®  **»P'  wterrub. 

waIl.aJehVfa^it?n*J^cutf«*"^^  ^fc 

the  north  gate/ is  a  small  iXntTl;.  k^PP««*« 
remains  of  a  covered  or  ...k?*     ^'  ^^*<''»  are  the 

Lake  shore.  WUhinthe^:^""*"  ^^^^'^  *»»« 
spacious  a.^  bounded  on  rte  ,3i?„h""  H''^  *"^ 
long  ruinous  stone  buildin«  TkI  '"Z'"'^"'  ^y 
feet  long.*  ThePorfwM  ntr-i  5?P*''*^*  "  «» 
French'^in  their  mreaTln'^^li^  J^^"  "^  "^^  »*»• 
herst.  Theplace  W«.rn.:  lu  '^^^^V*  "««•  Am- 
in  1776.    TfelSa'gSl.^t^  >^«riSr 

return  from  Canada  i??7TL7''*'**  here  on  their 
presentedto  General  S^fc..  I 'u"  ?  n»emorial  was 


cul 


* 

».  'i-- 

■• 

• 

4 

A 

• 

-      -   lit 

.       t 

• 

i 

4 

If 

* 

.Jr 

t  1 

i  . 

f :  ■  -       f , 

■■■  ...  ^-  .i.... 

.  ••._-         » 

■4       ■ 

* 

'"•^'■^'"'■■^  •■■■-:fc*..M:a 


-'4 


^imf^-'wmr-w<t^^t/.tf^^r'^mfMir%^^,  -^.^  ^  «,™^  **m..*^'.  r   •%•      *  .  *'■*" 


Mmo  of  buiDM 


apfehdix. 


lit 


looked  and  commanded  by  a  mountain  wltlj^in  a 
short  distance,  like  Xiconderoga ;  but  these  reasont 
not  bemg  sufficient  to  induce  an  alteration  in  the 
views  of  the  commander  in  chief,  the  removal  took 
place.  The  army  reached  the  latter  place  in  July  ; 
where  the  declaration  oTindependence  was  read  to 
the  soldiers  accompanied  shouts  of  applause.  The 
mountain  opposite  Ticonderoga  on  the  LIfke  shore 
was  u^on  tne  occasion,  named  Mt. 
and  directed  to  be  cleared  and  fortified. 


Inde[^ndfDoe 


» 


TICOlfDEROOA. 

The  remains  of  the  old  French  lines  Ifrhtch  Aber- 
crombie  attacked,  are  still  to  be  seen.    They  are 
drawn  in  a  zig  sag  direction  ;  first  stretchmg  off  to 
the  ri^)}t^  along  the  edge  of  a  marshv  gromfd,  to  a 
elusl^  of  bushes,  where  a  battery  was  ere«lted  ; 
then  to  the  left,  to  the  verge  of  a  wood,  where  was 
another  battery.    Near  the  west  pari  of  the  lines, 
is  a  fine  spring,  which  was  the  scone  of  a  bloody 
contest  during  the  engagement  in  July  1768.     Many 
bodies  have  lately  b«en  found  near  it,  and  Bhot^> 
have  been  cut  out  of  old  timbers. 
'  The  Fortress  was  of  an  ansulqr  form,  divided^ 
into  several  parts,  by  deep  ditches,  covered  by  cato-, 
non  and  musketry.    The  communication  between 
them  was  kept  up  by  stone  stair  cases  placed  jn  con- 
venient portions  of  the  angles,  all  so  contrived  aa 
to  make  the  descent  into  the.  ditch,  and  the  ascapnt 
arcuitous,  and  exDosed  to  cannon  and  small  arms. 
Thp  plan  of  the  Fortress  appears  to  have  been  exo- 
coied  with  all  the  skill  possessed  by  the  French  £o- 

*Ther«  wen  no  dwehwgaa  of  euiaoa,  powdar  bobf  ooiuidofod 
»  pncioiM  article  u  those  time*. 


d 


■'"T?     4        M,"' 


114 


APPENDIX. 


■S 


■y 


''V. 


1^;^ 


K  fleer,  of  that  day.  The  walls  vrere  once  much 
higher  than  they  are  at  present,  and  covered  with  a 
fuperstruct^e  of  timbe/filled  ^ith  earth,?o  p7i  Jc? 
;  jj«  barracks  It  was  surrendered  to  Gen.  Amherst 
m  July  1759^  after  the  French  had  blown  up  their 
magazines  The  battlements  of  Ticondero^  firit 
bpre  the  flag  of  American  Independence,\avtng 

onily'^Sfi?^''"''"^'  ^'''*"  ^'*"  «"  '^'  ^'4 

Alien  found  his  way.lo  the  commaiidant's  bid 
chamber,  and  holding  his  drawn  sword  over  iS 
Head,  summoned  him  tk  surrender;  «  to  whom  and 
in  whose  name"  said  the  astonished  officer,  "  In 
the  name  of  the  Great  Jehovah,  of;  the  Contiiental 
Congress,  and  of  Ethan  Allen"  was'  the  teply.  The 
American  army  lay  here  a  long  time  after  tLir  re- 

mi  r  "*  ^Ti""  il  .''^''^-     ^"  '»•«  4th  of  July 
n^,  General   St.  Clair  evacuated  the  place,  anj 
General  Burgoyne  occupied  it  immediately  after-  ^ 
wanl,.     The  Britirft  having  possession  o/,Mo„„'t 
Defiance,  completely  commanded    the    American 
camp;  and  coujd  see  all  their  movements.    The 
Americans  burnt  their  stores  «nd  provisions  v«rv 
imw^dently  on  the  night  of  the  retreat.    Thi 
I  ga«e  the  British  notice  of  the  evacuation  of  the 
place.     Their  Gen.  immediately  embarked  A  bodv 
of  troops  upon  the  Lake  in  pursiwt  which  pro^. 
iiy  up  WhBaywithall  speed,  overtook  aM  cut 
ni    ?!u  *^ '^f.  «"*^» '^'^ '^«*''^»''*' t<^wn. 
une  of  the  battalions  nirrenctered  to  &  ftwce  of 
British  and  Tories, who  n<rt  bein^able  to  carry  aWay 
the  arms,  of  the  prisoners,  left  them  stacked  in  the 
woods  ;  where,  they  remained  until  Col.  Warner 
^nt  for  them,  to  be  used  at  Bennington  on  the 
16th  of  August  following.     Geir.  Kosciusko  the 
champion  of  Poland)  was  with  the  Am'criciuit  ia 


A.  .1. 


»..V' 


ere  once  much 
covered  with  » 
iarth,  to  protect 
•  Gen.  Amherst 
blown  up  their 
;onderoffa  first 
adence,  iiavtng 
»n  on  the  night 

« 

nshdant's  b6d 
irord  over  faUi 
'  to  whom  and 
tl  officer,  "  In 
>e  Continental 
eteply.    The 
after  their  re- 
4th  of  July 
he  place,  and 
diately  after-  -^ 
on  of^Mount 
he    American 
ements.    The 
ovisions  vary 
'etreat.    This 
uatioKk  of  the 
rked  ti^bodv 
liich  prooScF. 
took  and  cut 
bards  tawn. 
to  a  force  of 
0  carry  a^ray 
acked  in  the 
C<rf.  Warner 
gton  on  the 
»Bciuskp  the 
Lm'cricana  in 


«'•; 


'    >jN  ' 


Mf^ta^iT* 


lift 


thar  retreat  froin  TicckndiBroga.    He  was  then  a 
l^ricadier  Gen.  in  the  U.  S.  army.  ,         ^ 

Moujit  Indi^ndence  is  a  smaller  eminence  ^ast  of  % 
Mount  Defiance,  separated  from  it,  by  the  outlet  of 
take  George.  UpOn  the  bank  above  the  water, 
ire  the  remains  of  a^sigmg  battery  of  60  guns.  It 
runs  across  a  small  cornfield  and  passes  behind  a 
^  bouse,  making  five  or  six  angles.  The  horse  shoe 
U|tery  is  describable  on  an  elevation,  one  quarter 
Of  a  mile  in  the  rear*  Thid  hill  was  fortified  by  the 
late  Gen.  Stark  in  1 770,  by  drder  of  G6n.  Gates, 
then  commfuidin^  at  Ticonderoga.  In  clearing  the 
hill,  to  prepare  for  erecting  the  works,  the  troops 
kiUedava^tnunber  of  rattle  snakes.  The#ulka 
of  Arnold's  flotilla  lieon  the  west  ^hoca^  of  the  Lake,  ^ 
•Inosk' as  sound  as  wlien  they  were  stranded. 


rREStlQE  ISLE. 

The  town  of  Erie,  Pa.  is  situated  upon  a  bluff  af^ 
forcing  a  pleasant  prospect  of  Presque  Isle  bay,  the 
peninsula  which  forms  it,  and  tfie  Lake  beyond. 
The  basin  is  a  fine  one,  and  the  National  go vetn- 
ment,  in  conjunction  swith  the  State  of  Pennsylva- 
nia, have  been  at  much  es^enscj  for  several  years 
past,  in  constructing  piers  to  improve  its  entrance, 
and  remove  a  sand  bar  which  has  heretofore  ob- 
structed Ihe-passage  of  large  vetsels.  It  is  now  much 
improved,  and  steam  boats  enter  without  much  dif- 
ficvlty.  The  peninsula  was  within  reo^brance, 
a  sand  bank  ;  but  is  now  Covered  wkh  a  growth  of 
^oung  timber.  Erie  was  of  some  importance  dur- 
mgthe  last  war,  as  a  naval  station.;  since  whi^, 
the  village  appears  to  have  been  stationary ;  thf 
improvement  of  the  harbor  will  ho1vever,>ontrib- 
Bteoittch  to  its  inerease.    A  little  to  the  right  of 


i 


*N 


:n^ 


ih.", 


ii; 


As^ 


•3 


^•^t 


\     .     '^ 


.  i^n$t  bv  Which   thA^  l?~.„  i  ^»^^nce  ^  lVenr'3 
«ie  rising  greatness  mfjhe  hSS.  -      •  *^*l  "^    . 
wert ;  4n1l  was  once  nS^Jfe Am^JX'^J^^^  *1 

*!!:?£':*  *!^'',^^'e  Mock  H^»8e  erected  lS§iS 
jmmm^^vnn  ***-  P'-otectiaa  of  the  «avy.mrlL4J 
the  bay.    At  thitf  piS.  KrJI'. 

« the  tune  they  commenced>u{. 
|.the  wood*,  until  the  s^dron 

>r)  or  in  his  shroud  "    TiiJ-  „:  *  .  ^" 

thosM  hr.»-  1        recollections  the  meriu  of 

to'isLThrirel're^fr^  ^'»-*^^-eJf 

whievementTaK^eTtSa  tril  »T"  **^  f  ^«"«»«« 
rPf  inetensibiJitw,  of  a  great  nation  shi^uld  W^ 


■lis 


/ 


H 


ngthe 
now  ovei' 
net  m  It 
iail|[>f  naJL 

K^elo  New] 

empiii^n  ^s 
•n^idorable«||^% 

ihti 

edluifi^liM 

;ch.  Scarcelj 
'ipmencedi^at* 
the  s^dron 

intrej^^vic. 
bered.  ^^t  a 
Ificers  <mbr^ 

he  gavelthe 
■  back  a  nt^a- 
►ry  retried 
war  in  tHi 
the  bleeding 
sunk  in  thi 
ge  vesseljia 

;  and  near 

the  gallant. 
» "  we  have 
Thev  are 
necdotei  re- 
ar ttierito  ot 
ntic  shores, 
of  glorious 
1  the  mis- 
lith^  oiim- 
their  niiqK 
^uld 


Ar^fEVtilX. 


187 


itftil  of  those  who  so  nobly  contended  for 

honor.      The  old  e&rrispn  house  <^ 

ne,  in  which  he  died,  on   Ms  returs 

lian  wars,  still  remains ,  though  in  aru- 

He  was  buried  at  his  own  request,  un- 


der  the  me  staff  of  the  Fort 
tough  stoM%  with  the  initials 


A  rude  paling  and 
"  A.  W./hone  mark- 


'  A'^LJt  ^^^^^  ^^  **"*  °^  """^  country's  mosi 
defenders.     His  remains  have  since  been  re- 
Vljprhis  friends:    Among  those  hold  spirits 
ftvertions  and  patriotism  achieved  the  great 
^         ^American  Independence,  he  held  a  con- 
Aicuousrank.    After  thV defeat  of  St.  Clair  had 
thrown  the  whole  frontier  open  to  the  enemy,  h« 
was  directed  by  President  Washington  to  assume 
the  command  of  the  North  Western  Army  ;  and 
the  dread  wliich  the  savages  still  entertain  for  his 
memory,  affords  living   proof  how  faithfully  hit 
duty  was  performed.    His  pnidence  and   decision 
soon  restored  order  to  his  discomfitted  forces.    By 
a  rapid  andcautious  advance,  he  foiled  the  enemy's 
attem^s  9^  surprise,  tliwigh  all  their  arts  were  em- 
rtoyed,  and  finally  met  them  near  the  Miami  Rap- 
.ids.  The  victory  which  crowned  his  toils,  obtained 
him  the  title  of  the  "Red  man's  scourge  ;"•"  by 
which  he  is  designated  by  the  Indinnslo  this  day.f 
An  anecdote  of  him  upon  this  occasion,  we  have 
■•ver  seen  in  print.     The  British  at  this  time,  held 

•  WbeaO«netti  Wayne  made  Hib  treaty  with  the  North  W«at. 
•m  Indians,  he  t<dd  th«m  that  if  they  ever  took  up  the  hatchet 
•^■t  the  United  Statu  again,  he  would  make  the  ground 
ti^bie  undet  th«m.  When  TecunlBeh  rodted  the  tribei  to  war 
m  1811,  previous  |o  the  battle  of  Tippecanoe,  reveral  shocks  of 
Mrthqiiakes  tookplace  in  tiie  western  and  southern  country.— 
Wis  frifhtened  the  Indians  sadly,  and  put  them  in  mind  of  thv 
.  .** ,"  *»«"•  *)5*yne  ;  who  they  imagined  was  down  the  I^k 
asnppi  ptoviag  l^s  cannon,  preparatory  to  attack^igtitiim  agaia. 

r  Hie  owatioo|M  used  to  call  the  G«Mfair''Mlfaa  Anthony." 
••  MeMM  *t  hip  disregard  of  perleaai  danger.  V^! 


v,_. 


i# 


\ 


-    C5 


tH 


ArrBifoix. 


N- 


!/ 


iLmiiitary  port  on   the  Miatoi,  near  Wayne'g  h«« 
He  ground-irom  th5h,  the  Indians  ha^^^i^ 

CMC  M  oeieat.  General  Wayne  received  a  ine«»fl. 
from  the  commandant,  warning  himT keSI?*; 
*op«r  dirtanc^  from  th^  Fort^as  CZmSriU 
Ae  Indians,  if  they  refloated  under  his  iuna^ 
Wayne  immediately  wroi7a  note  to  thislflf^r 
UiePorr^v?  **"*  ^^'n**'  '«=«veone  Indian  into 
iinfo  ffe.^  *TP' '''''"  ***»™  -"d  put  the  garri. 

I*,  K  .  ♦? ®  *'*"'■*'*  ^^^'^'t  5  the  enemy  fled  for  shel- 
SS  Wit'  Sr*"?  ^«re  <=lo«ed.  Part  W  them  SS. 
|ed»  With  the  loss  of  their  arms,  by  swimming 

^  ibun  by  the  enraged  conquerors.    To  show  their 

kaps  to  aflora  them  an  opportSxpf  pro voSimr 
« assault,  the  General  and  his  4ff-,^nt  to  a  sprbf 
a  few  rods  from  the  garrison,  aAd  partook  of  wS 

r^llfl^re^riS^'  '^'  ^''^^f "  -e^compIeting'^S: 

^:i^r^^  tut 

g-.  twmquillity  of  the  Western^  Steter^raJ^ 
^^pted  by  the  British  emissaries  in  Ml    ^^ 

£^ V.t w ^  of  Patriots,  whose  valor  anlcoT: 
k  VT I*®*?***^  ^^'^  **'««  titfes  of  nobiljtv  AON 
h—rable  and  lasting  than  rojg  fiivor  <S  & 


1} 


-rr 


i.»^jj; 


»  Wayne's  bat-, 
ns  had  received 
icted  a  iheJter  & 
cei  ved  a  menago 
im  to  keep  at  « 

i)B  should  protect 
ifer  hia  guns.— 
o  this  effect  :~- 
i  one  Indian  into 
id  put  the  garri- 

PoitU" 

my  fled  for  shel- 
rt  of  them  esca- 
»  by  swinuning 
!re  drowned  or 

To  show  their 
>rilies,  and  per- 
Fsof  provoking 
rent  to  a  spring 
Eulook  of  somt 
completing  ths 

lowed  tliisyie. 
■itory,  secured 
!s,  uhtil  again 
in/811.  Tha 
i  reverence  fcur 
Mt  distinguiigP^ 
alpr  ana  con- 
.nobility  more 
or  can  lieitow. 


rrrrumtn'  'fiTntirnnnfininrnmnn— ■> 


MSSMOIR 


Of 


GENERAL  STARK. 


mtMMwciMniiiimnic 


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BitfsNJi-'.-iAiaiJ":  ii.-' 


♦      «.>V>;, 


« 


^• 


MEMOIR 

'     OF 

OEI^ERAL  STARK, 


Archibald  Stark,  the  father  of  the  late  General, 
was  a  nativl^f  Glasgow,  in  Scotland,  and  at  an  ear- 
ly age  emigrated  to  the  county  of  Londonderry,  in 
Ireland— whence,  in  1720,  he  embarked  with  a  com- 
pany of  adventurers  for  New-Hampshire. -^They 
were  refused  permission  to  l^nd  at  Boston,  on  ac- 
count of^^b^ring  the  small  pox  on  board,  and  com- 
pelled to  ^Mounter  the  horrBrs  of  a  northern  win- 
ter in  ^th^Hdds  of  Maine,  near  where  Wiscasset  is 
now  sitnated^O'he  following  year,  after  many  buf- 
ferings and  hMathips.  they  est^^blished  themselves 
at  Nutfield,  iiP^on4onderry,  N.  H.  then  a  wil- 
derness, hideous  by^tfibire)  and  rendered  ten  fold 
more  ^0  by  the  sava^lpwho  at  that  period,  and  for 
many  succeeding  years,  fiarrassed  the  frontiers. 
Several  of  Mr.  Stark's  sonsf  held  commissions  in  the 
aeeen  years  lear^  and  were  equally  distinguished  for 

y  .      ' 

*The  inhabitantffof  Londbndejry  were  in  some  iiutuie«<,  pro- 
tected from  the  savageB  through  the  influence  of  Father  Rallee, 
tUe  Catholic  Friar  of  Norridgewock,  who  informed  the'Indians  that 
^thej^ould  surely  go  to  Hell  if  they  meddled  with  the  Irish. 

t  William,  John,  Archibald,  and  Samuel  Stark  all  served  in  the 
^dtangers;  Archibald  was  a  Lieutenant.    He  died  at  Hopkinton 
N.  H.  at  the  ago  of  90.    f./g^ 

^ €t-. '— 


'-.  .'.iL  A\*»*  ■    »»•'»-»  .»^ 


^rfWr 


172 


MEMOIR  OP 


i 


h«  fath.r,  at  th»  place,  until  1763.     At  that  tiZ 

Via  otmson  and  Amos  Eastman)  he  went  imon  . 
huntmgexpeditionjto  Baker's  riVer,  in  RuuinfrN 

Skn/r.h^'\''?^*   "^^^'^St.   PrancisTndlam 
Signs  of  thejn  had  been  discovered  two  d^vThL 

fir!7  y-  *f"  ^"^n^J*  alarmed  at  his  long  absence 
fired  several  guns,  which  discovered  tfem  to  th« 
sa^iges,  who  proceeding  some  distance  d"wn  the 
river  td  ttcir  encampment  and  formedTam! 

Po»»~„        "  ui.  oiarK  and  otmson  m  the  canoe  «nH 

t^HyiTntZ  ^  ^^J^'.^^^^?'   about  sunrise  the  ?at 
ler  leu  mto  the  ambush,  and  was  takpn  h^  tu^ 

Jgea  who  then  dir.ctcd' JohnTr  .aS  "h^ott^""" 
th«  crmc  moment,  he  had  the  t,ZrU^T^4l 


■-■\  \> 


■iS&e&^i 


■A;t»"*,.,,„-j^^, 


OUI|iR4L  STARK. 


173 


liana,  the  eldest, 
with  reputation 
his  courase  and 
hose  expeditions, 
earned  fame,  by 
,  from  which  he 

Derryfield,  now 
,  and  commen- 
^alls.    John  his 
>ir,  resided  with 
At  that  time, 
»m,  Messrs.  Da- 
>  went  upon  a 
in  Rumney,  N. 
1*6  surprised  at 
rancis  Indians. 
J  two  days  jbe- 
nce  about  leav- 
irated  from  his 
while  thus  en-    I 
5my.  On  being 
es  he  pointed  a 
)  miles  out  of 
long  absence, 
d  them  to  the 
ince  down  the 
formed  an  am- 
nters,  suspec- 
•ceeding  down 
the  canoe,  and 
unrise  the  lat- 
n  by  the  sav- 
the  others. — 
iituation,  and 
shore — upon 
the  boat.     At 


up  two  of  theirmuskets,  and  upon  the  others  pre- 
paring to  fire,  did  the  same,  and  told  WiUiam  to 
escape,  as  they  had'fired  all  their  guns.  He  profit- 
ed by  the  advice,  ^nd  made  good  his  retreat.— 
Stinson,*  his  comp^ion  was  kilfed.  'fhis  conduct 
of  their  prisoner  so  exasperated  the  Indians,  that 
they  beat  him  severely,  made  prize  of  his  furs,  and 
proceeded  to  Coos,  near  where  Haverhill,  N.  H.  is 
now  situated,  where  they  had  left  two  of  their  par- 
ty to  collect  provisions  for  their  return.  Here  they 
tarried  one  night,  and  continued  their  route  to  the 
upper  Coos;  whence  they  despatched  three  of  their 
party  with  Eastman  to  St.  FrancH?  The  remain- 
deremployed  themselves  sometime  in  hunting  upon 
a  small  stream  called  John's  River. — The  prisoner 
was  liberated  during  the  day,  but  confined  at  night.  < 
While  here.  Stark  was  directed  to  try  his  fortune  at 
hunting.  He  succeeded  in  trapping  one  beaver,  and 
shooting  another ,and  received  the  skins  as  a  reward 
for  his  skill. 

Oa  the  9th  of  June  the  Indians  reached  St.  Fran- 
cis where  he  remain^  six  weeks,— was  well  trea- 
ted, and  obtained  a  knowledge  of  th«dr  modes  of  at- 
tacking and  annoying  their  enemies.  Mr.  Wheel- 
wright of  Boston,  and  Capt.  Stevens,  of  Number 
Pour,  who  were  sent  by  Massachusetts  to  redeem 
prisoners,  arrived  about  this  time  at  the  village,  and 
not  finding  those  they  expected  from  Massachu- 
setts, released  both  the  captives,  and  returning  by 
way  of  Albany,  reached  Derryfield  in  August  fol- 
lowing. Mr.  Stark  paid  for  his  freedom  $f03,  and 
Eastman  $60.  These  sums  were  never  repaid  by 
the  state.  Massachusetts,  directed  by  a  more  just 
and  liberal  policy,  redeemed  all  her  captives.     It 

*▲  party  from  Concord,  soon  afterwards,  found  and  buried  the 

body  of  Stinaoa  in  tha  woods,  and  brought  homa  one  of  the 

paddles  of  the  canoe,  which  was  pierced  with  severai^fBeit  holes; 

It  was  preserved  a  long  time,  by  the  Eastman  ^ibm 

16*  .     ^ 


■« 


,li,1 1! 


ry 


ti.,ii«i. 


174 


MEMOIR     OP 


■.]! 

I 


^ 


f 


d- 


ny  with  this  returning  r,.         .  ^""^  '"  ^ompa- 

tUeir-MralaKenw  of  wlr     i"/.'"" , '''laracter,  ,„<I  „f 
PC»ch,  i,uhe  X  whS  ensued     f,'-  ""''  "•* 

acco.»d4,;rmr^:-'a  sSr:„T  e^rr-H  '■^^ 

into  the  River,  tellingthm  "  it  w^^^^^^^^ 

Squaws  and  not  war4rsto  hoe  Tm  »     ^nTV^c 

ijeinor  irritated  -It  fKSo.   ^u  instead  of 

boldness,    clued' 'i;^\;';o^,re\S^^^^^  ^-■' 

'      accordingly  adopted  as  th/lk^  ^  *i    •    o""*  '^^  ^a'      . 
ti.elatte;days  of  his    Ifp^K  ^^^i"'"^^^^^       'n 
ilych  humour^theincWenrs^fl"^      ^?  .""^«'«  ^^^h  t 
ing,thathe  hid  experienceS^  2^^^^ 
ness  from  the  savajrK  St    Fr     '^   ^f""'"^  ^^"<J- 

knevv  prisoners  of^war  to  rW^T'   *^^"  '^«  «^e»- 
.    nation**  ^""^  ^°  '^*'*^'''^«  ^O'"  any  civih^d 

,  J^'»en  Eastman  and  Stark  arrived  at  St   Pm^  • 
they  were  compelled  to  underilo  fL  L      ^'^ancis, 
runn ing  th6  ffauntlet      Til     ^^  ^^  ceremony  df 

lage  ranged  tCdvesilfl^fSe?  ^t'**^^^^"' 
aroc^  to  strike  th.:;;l:^f^;-^ 

•TUjMd  collected  fur  in  th»     ««-j*-         "^^ 


*f^- 


■■'■r-r-v-^J- 


■ ...  * 


t  the  scout  which 
'bany  in  compa- 
sold  the  furs*  ta- 
n. 

(fuired  that  thor- 
haracter,  and  of 
!  turned  to  such 
their  aHies  thd 
It  is  a  custom 
heir  labor  and 
Squaws.  They 
corn.— He  first 
"Jly  sparing  the 

purposci^^f  re- 
irew  their  hoes 
the  business  pf 
»•"    Instead  of 
eased   with  liis  * 
V'  and  he  was 
Jir  Sachem.  In      ■ 
to  relate  with  i 
tivity;  observ-      ' 
genuine  kind- 

than  he  ever 
1  any  civih*zed 

tt  St.  Francis, 
ceremnny  5f 
enfjflhe  vil- 
jyirmed  with 
wed  along. 

lountjng  to  B60L 
pfN.  H.  in  1764 


tge  of  St  Krani 
?aged  in  anoth- 
litaatera  of  tUit 

,  » 


general  stark.' 


175 


Eastman  was  severely  whipped;  but  Stark  thinking 
one  good  turn  deserved  another,  snatched  a  club 
and  made  his  way  through "  the  lines  knocking  the , 
Indians  down,  right  and  left  whenever  they  came 
^ithin  his  reach;  and  escaped  with  scarcely  a  blow, 
to  the  great  delight  of  the  old  men,  who  sat  at  a 
distance  enjoying  the  sport  hearlily  at  their  young 

,   men's  expense.  '■"v- 

'Nothing  daunted  by  this  unfortjunate  |3pterprist, 
our  adventurer  repaired  ncjt  season  to  the  Andros- 
coggin, to  pursue  his  vocation*  and  raise,  means 
to  discharge  his  redemption  debt.  From  the  re- 
port of  these  prisoners  concerning  the  Coos  territo- 
ry, ilie  Gerieral^Court  of  N.  H.  determined  t'o  sebd 
a  party  to  exploi-e  this  hitherto  unknown  region. 
GoL/liOVel,  Majof  Talford  and  Capt.  f*age  were  em- 
ployed t«  eiilist  a  company  for  this  service,  and  so- 
licited Mr.  Stark  to  accompany  them  as  a  guide. —  > 
Under  his  direction  they  commenced  their  jour- 
ney on  the  10th  of  March,  1754,  and  in  7  dayt 
made  Connecticut  river  at  Piermont.— r-Aftcr  passing 
one  night,  and  leaking  such  observations  as  their 
time  wmid  allow,  they  returned,  and  on  the  ISth 
day  reachedyponcoi><.  *        ^ 

In  1754,  a'^port  was  durrent  that  the  French  ' 
were  bttildii^  ^  Fort  at  the  Upper  Coo%,  and  Capt. 
PoweraS^^i|^  i4    oonsequem;e,  despatched  by  the 

.  GovCTiyor'iTMM .  H.  with  thirty  men,  and  a  flag,  to 
demand  Utlfl^^^n-r— He  applied  to  Mr.  Stark  to 
accompany  theM,  who  conducted  the  party  to  the 
upper  Coos,  by  way  of  the  Little  Ox  Bow,  the 
same  route  M  had  traversed  two  years  before,  as  a 
caiHive  to  thelndians.  FindiHgno  French  garrison, 

^the  ecout  returned,  after  exploring  for  the  first  time 

*Mostof  the  active  yaiiiiig  men  of  Neir-England  at  this  daj 
^nga|fed  in  hunting  as  a,  moat  proiitabia  and  agroeahle  occupa- 


-V^A 


if  # 


/M 


r-f 


I 


( 


*  9\S 


...  •# 


«►'♦> 


*1- 


'i 


t> 


lie 


/  /?r. 

"k    -. 

'             \ 

MEMOIR  OP 

1* 


by  an  English  adventurer  the  Coos  intervals,  where 
the  nowr  flourislnn^  towns  of  Haverhill  and  New- 
bury are  sitahted.  «  "«ow 
Mr.  Stark  had  acquired  «o  much  celebrity  by 
these  expeditions,  that  upon  the  breaking  out  of 
tZT^'i  ^^""''Y^^i^^^G^ovemoT  appointed  him 

regiment.  Rogers,  possessing  a  bold  and  enterbris- 
•  ing  spirit,  soon  collected  a  band  of  rudwd  foresters- 
.  and  was  ordered  ta  proceed  to  Coo^Xd  burn  the 
latervals,  preparaTory  to  erecting^  Pbrt.  Before 
reaching  their  place,  of  destinatfon,  a  new  order 
commanded  them  to  join  the  regiment  at  Port  Ed- 
ward,^by  way  of  NumW  FoMr,    (Charleston  N. 

S';  w  ?  i'*^*'''*®^  ^^""^  quarters,  about  .the  time 
&ir  VKm  Johnson  was  .attacked  by  the  French,  4n<l 
Indianrnear  Bioody  Pond,  between  Fort  Edwa^ 
and  Lake  Gkjorge.*  ,       uw«ru 

This  campaign  passed  without  any  oth»r  occii- 
rence  worthy  y  notice.  In  autumn,  th6  regiment 
was  discharged,  and  Lieut,  S.  returned  home 

In  the  winter  of  1 756,  the  British  commander  ;t 
^ort  Edward  determined  to  establish  a  corps  of 
»angers  to  counteract  the  operations  of  the  Frenoh 
and  Indian  scouts,  which  harrassed  the  frontiers 
and  himg,  upon  the  wings  of  the  army.     Rogerg 
•was  appointed  to  the  command  who  proceeding 
to  N.  H.  chos6  Stark    his  Lieut,   raised-  hii  sol-  ' 
,  diers,  andin  April  following,  arrived  at  ^ort  Ed- 
ward.    Although  no  important  military  operations 
were  attempted  this  canjpaigrt,  the  Rangers  were 

•Threa  actianaiook  placs  on  the  aame  day  near  thJi^sat  the 
French  and  Indiana  were  completely  routed  with  Ihe  toss  of  a 
1000  men  and  all  their  baggage.  The  French  Oeharali  thelBw. 
on  Dieskau,  wa«  wounded  and  taken  prisoBar  ;  and  th^  Britiak 
conniandor  created  a  Baronet  in  confleqnanca  of  Bis  rictorv 
The  pond  wa*  called  Bloody,  from  tl^  slaughter  of  this  docttion 
the  bodieft  of  the  slain  being  thrown  mto  it,  in  such  nutnbers,  as  to 
discolor  the  water. Sea  Reminiscences  Battle  at  Lake  George. 


J* 

,  . 

.     • 

,/ 

,• 

°    Kk 

« 

I 

1 

• 

F 

u 

\ 

*    ■    ' 

/"- 

•».  '■ 

,-.^ 

•  . 

.■ 

'J      - 

1 

^ 

L    1 

'f- 


»«>•"-■ 


'(.' 


>•■■'-■  '\,^'«,..'.v.'t..,.,,_ 


'        It','         f   '*•'.,'   k '  ' 


>»s«^w 


4  T'        7   ■  tf 


OBMERAL    8TARK. 


177 


constantly  on  foot,  watching  the  motions  of  the  en- 
emy at  Ticonderoga  and  Grown  Point,  cutting  o^ 
his  convoys  of  supplies,  aud  often  making  prison- 
ers of  his  sentinels  at  their  posts.* 

"  One  of  our  expeditions,    (says  Major  Rogers,) 
my  Lord  Howe  did  us  die  honor  to  accompany,  be- 
ing desirous  as  he  expressed  himself,  of  learning 
oar  methods  of  marching,  ambushing,  retreating,  • 
&c.  and  on  our  return,  expressed  his  opinion  of  us 
very  generously." — Rogers*  Journal. 
r  In  the  autum^  of  t^is  year,  the  corps  was  joined 
by  two.eonipanies'from  Halifax,  under  Captains 

,  Hobbs  and  Spikeinan,  which  raised  its  force  to  300 

;  strong.  ThesjC  hardy  woodsmen  were  familiar  with 
all  the  practices  of  the  French  and  Indian  parti- 
sans, and  many  a  fierce  conflict  evinced  that  they 
wenp  i^ible  to  contend  with,  and  defeat  them  upon 

'  their  qiwnlerms.        i 

In  January  1 755,  a  det  achment  of  dangers  was 
directed  to  march  to  the  Lake,  and  intercept  the 
supplies  from  Crown  Point  to  Ti<^onderoga.  They 
turned  Ticonderoga,  siezed  several  sleiglis,  and 
were  returning  to  Port  William  Henry,  when  they 
were  attacked  three  miles  from  Ticonderoga,  by 
ttie  combined  force  of  Freneii  and  Indians  fromjthe 
garrison.  A  most  bloody  and  desperate  action  In- 
dued, perhaps  according  to  numbers,one  more  san- 
guinary was  not  fought  during  the  war.  MKjor 
Rogers  was*  wounded  Capt.  Spikeman  killed,  an^ 
the  command  devolvf:^  upon  Li«ut.  Stark,  who  by 
his  prudQ.nLce  ai^l  firmness,  secured  the  wounded 

'and  drew  or  the  detachment   in  such  order^^as  to 

•Onoqo  oe«uion,  ono  these  fartiea  broiJ|fht  h<Mno  with  them, 
(h«  «calp  of  a  French  sentinel,  Ihoyhad'killed  neiif  the  gat*  of 
Cttmn  Poin{.  The  scalping  knife  was  sonietimea  used  by  tht, 
Rangerfji  in  retaliation  for  the  cniellies  of  the  French  and  tbe^r 
^ftHiei  tli^|ac|iaii8. 

V 

,  *  ' 


H 


;i 


1     rt 


»'  'H 


k  ' 


V  JL 


•■-         ."-jT     <f¥V      \ 


■4^ 


178 


A  y" 


MEMOIR   OF 


^'f  A*' m""""^  '' ^'^-^  '^'^^.^'reached Lake  Gaorgc 

kept  up  heir  spirits,  wpre  at  this  time  so  overcome 
with  cold,  fatigue,  and  loss  6f  blood!  that  S 
could  march  no  farther.  It  bcBamp  IS!  f^ 
nejes.ry.hat  notice  should  le  JSrwriedtt"' 

S  r?f    l'""^',*''.^*  ^^^'t'  "»%»»t  be  sent  for  Ihem 
l^ieut.  Stark  volunteered  for  the  ourno^P    L!i  u  ' 

In  the  new  organization  of  the  corps  -Lt   Sfarlr 

Sh'Srtnt  ^  S"  ^  ^*""%^.  occZ'n^j^by  t 
ueain   ot    Capt.    Spikeman.— Shortly  after    thi. 
while  acting  bommander  of  Ranaers  at  Wji  ;     ' 

Haf^orTn  ttX°'S?l'f^",:''°  —  of  Stark', 
of  the  pii'tf  Li«ut  a  ,.1°  N    "*  ''."''■^''''  *«  'he  only  safety 

th«  ^»f«/  .  ahdtfl  2t  t«  .ht  r  ''°'!"«f«  *"''  prudence  sared 

^  U^groat  M.^^<4j»«,i^r.  ^ereimh  or  their  di>,^^ 


i^*"  s,u»w.^^»^^  ^^  t:^^„liSii 


'''•ik' 


tbeir  degceif' 


.<                         -                                  'i,       .'  ■.-:,■ 

« 

. 

%■         » 

'»., 

a 

GENEHAL   STA&k. 

"■■n:'"' 


•% 


.■*■.■#-• 


179 


the  sppliefttion  for  \vhich,  was  evaded  by  a  plea  of 
a  lame  hand — the  Rangers  were  accordingly  kept  so- 
ber. The  Irish  troops  composing  the  remainder  of 
the  garrison,  could  not  forget  this  ancient  Custom; 
but  poured  out  copious  libations  in  honor  of  St. 
Patrick's  wife  jShelah.  The  French  aware  of  the 
laudable  practice  of  the  Hibernians,  concertei^  an 
attack,  and  would  that  nighthave  carried  the  Tort) 
had  they  not  been  i;epulsed  by  these  sober  trohps^ 
while  the  others  were  coming  to  their  senses.  Th 
particulars  of  this  attack  belong  to  history.  Froi 
this  time,  no  military  movements  of  consequence 
too^  place  until  the  ensuing  summer,,  when  Lord 
Loudoun  the  commander  in  Chief,  ordered  the  Raiv- 
gers  tp  New  York,  to  be  employed  on  the  Halifax 
station.  Capt.  S.  being  pn  a  scout,  did  not  join 
them  until  their  arTival  at  New  York.  An  attack 
of  small  pox  prevented  his  accompanying  the  expe- 
dition. ■  After  it's  return,  he  joined  the  army  at  Al- 
bany, jp  October  following,  and  passeid  the  winter 
at  Port  Edward.'^ 

.  In  1768,  Gen.  Abercrombie,  Commander  in  Chief 
of  the  British  forces  in  America,  resolved  to  at- 
tempt the  reduction  of  Ticondero|a  ;  and  the  Bau- 
gers  ^ere  ordered  to  scour  the  country  and  open 
a  way- for  the  British  forces  to  advance  .to  the  at- 
tack. 

The  evening  before  this  fatal  battle,  Capt.  Stark 
had  a  long  conversation  with  Lord  Howe,  resting 
upon  a  bear  skin,  (his  Lordship's^ camp  bed)  re*' 
peeting  the  mode*of  attack  and  position  of  the  Fort., 
Tli'<^  supped  tpgether,  and  orders  were  given  to> 
the  Rangers  to  carry  the  bridge  between  Lake' 
George  and  the  plains- of  Ticonderoga).  at  an  #arly 
hour  in  the  mornings  Ateordinsly  they  ad  vanee«^ 
'and  on  approaching  the  bridge,  Jlajor  Kofers  vrh« 
FM^at  thfir  heaci,  per9eitin^  a  piart j-  of ^reneh  abd 
^>»<(vjpi.epafed  to  dispute  4heir  passage;^  halted  a' 


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few  minutes,  which  pushed  the  rear  upon  the  front- 
Stark^  not  knowing  the  cause,  rushed  forward,  say' 
mg  that  "  It  was  no  time  for  delay,"  pushed  boldly 
on  to  the  bridge,  and  in  a  few  minutes  the'  enemy 
fled,  leavmg  a  clear  p^sage  for  the  army.  Respect- 
mg  this  attack,*  Major  Rogers  observes  "  we  toiled 
with  repeated  attacks  for  four  hours,  being  irreatlv 
embarrassed  bj^  treesf  that  were  felled  by  the  ene- 
my  without  their  breastwork,  when  the  General 
thought  proper  to  order  a  retreat,  direcHiiff  me  to 
bring  up  the  rear,  which  I  did  in  the  du^k  of  the 
eyening  The  regret  of  Capt.  Stark  for  the  fate 
of  that  gallant  nobleman.  Lord  Howe,  from  wh|« 
he  had  experienced  the  most  marked  attenlionf, 
lasted  wi  h  his  hfe  ;  but  he  often  remarked  during 
the  Revolution,  that  he  became  more  re£)noiled  to 
his  fate,  lest  kt  that  time,  his  talents  bight  have 
been  employed  against  the  United  States. 

After  the  close  of  this  campaign,  Capt.  Stark, 
returned  home  on  furlough,  at  which  time,  he  mar' 
ried  Elizabeth  Page,  daughter  of  Capt.  Page  of 
fr.  /  r-  '"  ^H'  followfng  spring,  hS  joined  the 
army  aad  was  employed  with  sSo  ftangers  in  cut- 
tmg  a  road  from  Ticonderoga  to  Charleston,  N.  H, 

thrfl*  7"! nH%T"r  r",*''*"*'  line.  atiTiconderoga.were  made  on 
theimbei  nf  th""^^'  "^!'  ''"^  proved  unsuccessful,  throaS 
regulars,  and  334  ^rovmcials,  killed  or  taken.     The  Britiah  » 
my  amounted  to  nearly   16000*t!ong.    A™  thoL  iho  Vh" 
mlT  "r  'l««P'V«^<'««d  thaf  Lord  V^^coS."  H^w..  who 

v.te  virt„«  " fh  °  n  ^*  "J^-     ^**  *»"  "'"•♦•"y  services,  and  pri- 
"  le  trn^aT'hJ       '•'"*'  *^^"*  of  Massachusetts  paid  a.  honC 

ytolun^t'ofThis  ?,«i  «"-"»«-«^-  of  the  French  War.  ft,r  .n^ 

Mr'^^t'lZ!!*/'^iT"*'"?*'*'''■»™^«^*"e»^'bati■,  the  moat  in  ' 
for.aDt  obstacle  tlwit  can  bo  placed  in  front  of  a  briaaiwork. 


• 


} . 


'*  .' 


GENERAL    STARK. 


1^1 


Under  Gen.  Atnlierst,  he  was  present  at  the  re- 
ductioQ  of  Titonderpga  and  Crown  Point.  The 
Ijfhquest  of  Canadafin  1760j  put  an  end  to  mil- 
itary  operations  in  North  ^uicrica  ;  this  circum- 
stpc^,  together  with  th^;  jealousies  of  the  British  of- 
ficers,  induced  him  to  qiiit  the  service.  Gen.  Am- 
herst by  an  official  letter,  assured  him  of  his  prb- 
tecUon,  and  that  if  inclined  to  re-enter  the  service, 
he%ould  not  lose  his  rank  by  retiring. 

Fl-om  this  period  until  1774,. he  uniformly  es- 
poused the  cause  of  his  countrymen,  and  bedame  a 
rallying  point,  around  which  the  people  of  hi»i  vi- 
cinity could  mec^t  aiid  exchange)  ideas  ujion  t^«^hen 
critical  situation  of  the  Provinces.  At  this  time  he 
was  appointed  one  of  the  Committee  of  safety;  and 
discharged  the  difficult  duties  which  devolved  upon 
him,  with  firmness  and  moderation,'  using  all  his 
endeavors  to  promote  union  of  sentiment,  and 
preparations  for  action  should  it  become  necessary , 
Upon  the  news  of  Lexington  bi^ttle,  he  mounted  his 
horse  and  proceeded  to  the  theatre  of  action,  en- 
^  couraging  as  he  passed  along,  the  volunteers  of  N. 
H.  to  rendezvous  at  Medford.  His  military  tervi- 
ces  and  uniform  patriotism  and  integrity,  left  him 
no  rival  in  the  minds  of  hi^  neighbors,  who  had 
appeared  in  arms.  -^  He  was  elected  Colonel  by  an 
unanimous  voice,  baac  Wyman,  Lieut.  Colonel  and 
Andrew  M'Clary,  Major.*  A  regiment  of  10  or  12 
companies  was  soon  organized  and  reduced  to  a 
tolerable  st  ate  of  discipline.  As  he  had  left  home 
at  ten  minutes  notice,  he  returned  to  arrange  his  af- 

*The  venerable  Jonathta  Etitman  Eiq.  of  Concord,  N.  H. 
boaitB  that  on  this  occasion,  he  l|eld  up  his  hand  for  his  friend 
Stark  ;  and  assisted  in  making  him  Colonel  of  the  fint  N.H.  reg- 
iment. 

16  ^ 


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MEMOIR 

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182 


fair*,  and  immediately  joined  the  army  for  the  cam- 

While  examining  Noddle's  Island,  by  direction  of 
Gen.  Ward,  with  a  view  to  e^ect  batteries  againit 
the  British  fihipping^ie  party  consisting  of  him- 
self, >l'CIary,  and  on^  or  tw'o  others,  having  ac- 
complished their  object,  ard  being  on  their  return 
discovered  a  British  party  upon  the  same  errand^-< 
which  attempted  to  cut  them  off  by  seizing  their 
boat ;  but  after  exchanging  a  few  shots,  they  reach- 
ed it  in  safety,  and  returned  to  camp.    ^^ 

At  the  battle  of  Bunker's  Hill,  Stark '^  regiment 
formed  the  left  of  the  America^  line,  anil  it  is  an 
acknowledged  fact,  that  the  attacks  of  the  enemy 
were  sustained  in  a  manner  worthy  of  the  brighteil 
days  of  chiv»lry.* 

-  The  regiment  opposed  to  the  N.  H.  line  was  that 
of  the  Welsh  Fusileers,  which  had  been  distinguish- 
ed at  the  battle  of  Minden  in  Germany,  and  wa» 
considered  one  of  the  finest  corps  in  the'British  Mr- 
vice.  The  troops  advanced  and  displayed  in  froiit 
of  our  line,  says  an  eye  witness  now  living,  with 
the  coolness,  and  precision  of  troop's  upon  parade  ; 
not  a  shot  was  fired  until  they  came  within  80  yards 
of  their  enemy,  who  onened'upon  tUfetoi  a  fir^  ao 
"P>d  and  deadly,  that  in  a  few  minutefe,  they  broke 
and  fled  in  confusion.  They  were  immediately  ral- 
lied, reinforced,  again  led  to  the  attack,  and  'once 
more  gave  way  before  the  fatal  fire,  of  the  New- 

•Three  timefl  the  enemy  advanced  -to  these  lines,  and  wer^  ai 
•ften  driven  back  with  great  elaughter.  The  late  G«n.  Wineiow. 
,  1  *u**"'  *°'<*  **"e  w"»er  that  he  was  on  the  ground  about  10 
o  clock  the  next  day,  and  that  he  counted  ninety  six  men  on  the 
beach  between  the  bank  atid  Mystic  river.  This  must  have 
been  t^e  handiwork  of  Moor's  company,  as  they  were  the  only 
men  who  occupied  that  space— ho  further  observed  that  there 
were  ao  officers  among  them,  they  having  probably  been  reine- 


y 


-X 


s . 


\       ,■'      .'  . 


•M        ^' 


my  for  the  cam- 
by  direction  of 
atteries  againit 
siisting  of  him- 
ers,  having  ae- 
on their  return, 
e  same  errand,-^ 
y  seizing  their 
ots,  they  reach- 

P-    \ 

ark 'i^  regiment 

le,  and  it  is  an 

of  the  enemy 

)f  the  brightest 

1.  line  ^as  that 
een  distinguish- 
nany,  and  vrai 
the  British  eer- 
played  in  froht 
living,  with 
upon  parade  ; 
vjthin  80  yardi 
hc^  a  fir^  10 
tefe,  they  broke 
imediatelv  ral- 
ack,  and  once 
,  of  the  New- 
lines,  and  mtth  ai 
ale  Gen.  Winslovr, 
B  ground  about  10 
Bty  six  men  on  tha 
Thii  must  bava 
liey  were  the  only 
•crved  that  thara 
ibablj  bean  relna- 


OENBRAL    STARK. 


IM 


Ifampflhire  marksmen.  A  tliird  time,  an  attempt 
ma  made  to  turn  our  left,  which  was  again  repul- 
sed with  dreadful  slaughter.  Our  men  were  brought 
into  action  with  the  utmost  coolness,  and  without 
being  fatigued.  The  Colonel  observed  to  Capt. 
Dearborn*,who  suggested  the  propriety  of  hastening 
/  the  march,  across  the  neck,  which  was  enfiladed  by 
the  guns  of  the  British  frigate  Lively  on  one  side, 
and  two  fidating  batteries  on  the  other,  that  "one 
fresh    man    in    action,   was    worth-   ten    fatigued 

orte3."t  >        ,  ,  ' 

In  the  hieat  of  the  action,  some  one  reported  to 
Colonel  Stark;  that  his  son  a  youne  man  of  16, 
who  had  foll(^ed  him  to  the  field,  had  just  been 
killed.  He  remarked  to  the  informer,  that  it  was 
no  time  to  talk  of  private  affairs,  While  the  enemy 
were  in  force  in  front,  and  ordered  him  baci?  to  hi' 
<luty.§  « 

The  position  occupied  by  the  New  Hampshir* 
troops,  was  at  the  rail  fence,  about  forty  yards  in 
rear  «  the  redoub^owards  Mystic  river.  The 
grass  pad  b^ea  recently  cut,  anil  lay  in  winrows 
jind  cocks  upon  the  field  ;  another  fence  was  taken 
up,  the  rails  run  through  that  in  front,  and  the  hay 
juspended  upon  them  from  top  to  bottom,  which 
haitt'  the  appearance  of  a  breast  work  ;  and  served 
to  deceive  the  enemy,  although  it  was  no  real  cover 
to  the  men.   When  th^  Port  was  parried  and  retreat 

*8ince  Major  General  Dearborn  of  the  U.  S.  army. 

^  fOen.  Oago,  looking  over  the  scene  of  action  at  Breed's  hHl, 
before  the  attack,  remarked  to  some  one  who'^nqujred  whether 
he  thought  the  Yankeea  would  wait  for  the  assault  of  the  Royal 
troops,  that  if  one  John  Stark  were  with  them,  he  thought^  they 
would  ;  for  he  was  a  brave  fellow  and  had  served  under  l^m'  at 
Lake  George  jn  1758  and  69.        ^ 

iThe  rdport  proved  groundless.  The  son  is  still  Uf'mg  aii4 
vaa  a  atalf  officer  during  the  remainder  of  the 


war. 


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became  un^roidiible,  Col.  Stark  drew  off  his  red. 
naent  in  such  order,  that  they  were  not  pursued 
Ihe  men  #ere  unwilling  to  quit  their  ground,  as 
they  had  repulsed  the  enemy  so  often  as  to  consid- 
er themselves  completely  victoriout.  "^         s 

^hile  the  British  were  storming  the  redoubt,  it 
was  with  difficulty,  that  these  troops  conld  be  pre- 
vented  from  abandonipg  their  position,  and  attack- 
ing the  enemy's  rear.  But  their  Colonel  had  wit- 
nessed  such  scenes  before  ;  he  foresaw  the  fate  of 
the  redoubt,  knew  that  the  men  had  no  bayonets,and 
but  little  ammunition  remaining,  and  therefore  con- 
«idered  that  any  attempt  to  succour  the  right  of  the 
line,  would  be  the  height  of  madness  and  folly. 

Immediately  after  the  retreat,  intrenchments  were 
formed  at  Winter  Hill*  and  the  campaign  passed 
away  in  a  few  abortive  projects,  in  settling  the  rank 
of  general  and  field  officers,  and  in  re-enlisting  the 
arm.iii^t'On  the  evacuation  of  Boston,  Col.  Stark 
|ed  to  New- York,  and  assisted  in  nrrang- 
Ifencos  of  that  city  until  May,  1776,  when 
nent  was  ordered  to  proceed  by  way  of 
^^  Canada.  He  joined  the  army  at  St. 
Johns,  and  advanced  to  the  mouth  of  the  Sor- 
ell.  He  opposed  the  expedition  to  Three  Rivers  as 
hazardous  and  imprudent,  and  after  delivering  his 
opinion,  obeyed  implicitly  the  orders  of  his  com- 
inaTKler.f     On  their   return,  the    remains   of  this 

•The  zoal  of  thd  soldiers  was  bq  great  that  they  labored  ineti^ 
santly  all  night,  and  the  next  day  being  exceedingly  hot  /fever, 
al  were   actually  melted  («8  it  is  called)   and   died   of  the  fa. 
tigue.  ?  I  ■ 

♦ 

tThia  expedition  was  formed  in  the  face  of  the  enemy,  and  on 
the  oppositei^ido  of  the  St.  Lawrence,  or  Lake  St.  Pie.re-eieEl 
or  ton  miles  broad,  at  the  time  the  British  bad  a  formidable  na- 
ral  force  on  the  river,  and  the  Americans  none. 

The  Army  retreating  from  Quebec  was  met  by  this  division  at 
the  raoutU  of  theSprell  where  General  Tbqmaa  who  CQmm«a<|e4 


.:>--».i 


-1 


^    -\4 


1^ 


GENERAL    STARK. 


185 


ill-fated  enterprise,  suffered  great  losses  by  the  small 
pox  at  Chamblee  and  Mount  Independence.  After 
crossing  Luke  Champlain,his  regiment  encamped  op- 
en Cliimney  Point-,  while  the  remainder  of  the  army 
lay  at  Crown  Point,  until  ordered  to  retire  upon 
Ticonderoga.  Against  this  removal  he  presented 
^Greneral  Schuyler  a  memorial  signed  by  most  of  the 
officers  of  the  army,  on  the  ground,  that  their  pre»- 
snt  position  ought  not  to  be  abandoned  as  being 
the  most  capable  of  defence.  Gen.  Schuyler  being 
of  a  different  opinion,  the  evapuation  took  place. 
On  the  6th  and  7th  of  July,  the  troops  reached  Ti- 
conderoga ;  on  the  following  morning  the  Declara- 
tion of  Independence  was  proclaimed  to  them  with 
shouts  of  ap])lause. 

Gen.  Gates  arriving  soon  after,  assumed  the  com- 
mand in  chief,  and  assigned  to  Col.  Stark  the  com- , 
mand  of  a  Brigade,  with  orders  to  clear  and  fortify 
Mount  Independence,  named  on  the  occasion,  and 
then  a  wilderness.  Towards  the  close  of  the  cam- 
paign. Congress  promoted  several  of  the  junior 
Colonels  to  the  rank  of  Brigadiers,  against  which, 
he  protested,  on  the  ground  of  insecurity  of  rank, 
and  of  planting  the  seeds  of  discord  among  the  offi- 
cers. At  the  close  of  the  northern  campaign,  Col. 
Stark's  regiment  was  ordered  to  join  General 
Washington  at  New  Town,  Pennsylvania,  where  he 
arrived  a  few  days  before  the  battle  of  Trenton  ; 
and  leading  the  ri&ht  of  Sullivan's  division,  contri- 
buted his  share  in  that  bloodless  and  fortunate 
Coupe  de  main. 


the  troops  after  Montffomery'g  fall,  died  of  the  amall  pox. While 
there,Arnold  employed  himaelf  in  plundering  the  merchants  of 
of  Montreal ;  and  Thompson  was  tt^en  prisoner  in  an  unsuccess- 
ful attack  upon  Trois  Rivieres.  A  retreat  now  became  necessary; 
and  was  ably  conducted  by  General  Sullivan,  before  a  close  pur- 
SMit  of  the  enemy,  which  continued  until  the  troop*  reached  St. 
Johns. 

16* 


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Kemoir  or 


Trtntoi   i?li  •     °/.^'»'-.P''««^ding  the  ^air  at 
Washu  gton   «  your  men  have  long  been  accustom- 

lorsatety.—butif  you  ever  mean  to  establish  the 
Independence  of  Che  United  States,  vou  m«t  teach 

InT'"  glr,'^"^^""^*^ »»  t*^"'-  fire  arms  "Wash 
ington  r^hed;  "that  is  what  we  have  agreed  up- 
on—we-are  to  march  to-morrow  upon  Trenton-- 
you  are  to  command  the  right  wing  of  the   advan- 
ced gua,^,  and  Gen.  Greene  the  lift."     StarkX 
served  that  he  could  not  be  better  suited. 

Here  it  may  be  proper  to  notice  a  circumstance, 
not  generally  understood,  the  particulars  of  wh"ch 

rr.';n''*'5  "^"^^  ^""^'•^^  «^  »^«  deceased Grnerai; 
by  a  comrade  in  arms  there  present.     It  is  we 

known  that  previous  to  this  important  action,^ 

br^kTuoT-^  r"P°".  '^'  P^'"*  of  ^^i 
broken  up  by  suffering,  desertion,  and  the  ex- 
piration of  the  term  of  «ilistment,  of  a  great  por- 
lon  of  the  troops.  A  few  days  previous,  the 
sLVL'^fu  New-flampshire   re^imLs  expired* 

«ixweek«  I     I  a'?'"    P.'-opo^e  «  reinlistment  for 
«x  weeks,  he  left  his  station  as  commander,  for  the 

moment;  took  upon  upon  himself  the  task  of  re- 
*^Tri  °^''®'''  ^""^  "o^  *^»»'»  fai'ed  to  reinlist. 
«d  ?Ln'? '''^' '"'''*  Washington  ^hen  hecros- 
PHnrpfn?  T'^  was  engaged  at  the  battle  of 
Frinceton,aud  continued  witK  the  General,  until 
he  had  established  his  Winter  quarters  at  MoS 

hnvr-  ^''^  'IT  «f  «""«t"«ent  of  hi,  regiment 
having  expired,  he  was  ordered  to  N.  H.  tofecruit 
another.-.Inthe  month  of  April  the  regiment  was 
completed  and  he  repaired  to'^Exeter  to^re^eiVeT" 

ed  that  a  new  list  of  promotions  had  been  made, 
•tid  his  name  omitted.  The  cause  was  e^irtrac- 
ed  to  some  officers  of  high  rank,  and  members  of 


*!1' 


'^-v^nwf^*^****" 


■'"'♦".Jp-i.fc^  •"' 


•V,. 


I»-A*»?V*.*- 


'i 


GENERAL    STARK. 


187 


congress,  who  were  displeased  with  his  unbending 
character. 

Cfpon  this,  he  waited  upon  Generals  Sullivan  and 
Poor,  wished  them  all  possible  success,  and  surren- 
dered his  commission.  They  endeavored  to  dis- 
suade him  from  this  course;  but  he  answered — that 
"an  officer  who  would  not  maintain  his  rank,  and 
assert  his  rights,  wa%  not  virorthy  of  serving  his 
country."  He  warned  them  of  the  dangerous  sit- 
uation of  the  army  at  Ticonderoga,  the  neces.sity 
of  immediate  relief,  and  declaring  his  readiness  a- 
gain  to  take  the  field,  whenever  his  "country  re- 
quired his  services,  retired  to  his  farm  as  a  private 
citizen.  His  zeal  for  the  cause  continuing  as  ardent 
as  before,  all  of  his  family  capable  of  bearing  arms, 
were  fitted  out  and  despatched  to  the  army.* 

After  the  disastrous  retreat  from  Ticonderoga, 
and  the  advance  of  the  invader  from  the  north, 
with  a  powerful  and  well  appointed  army,  all  the 
energies  of  the  countrv  became  nficessary  to  re- 
pel his  attack.  New-Hampshire  was  called  upon 
to  recruit  men,  and  forward  supplies. 

In  this  emergency,  the  council  of  his  native  itatd 
directed  their  attention  to  Col.  Stark,  relying  up- 
on his  military  reputation  and  popularity,  to  call 
out  the  Militia.  They  urged  him  to  forget  what  had 
passed,  and  assume  tHc  command  of  their  troops.. — 
He  informed  them  he  had  little  confidence  in  the, 

*(Jpon  his  resignation,  the  Council  and  Houao  of  DalegatM  wl 
New-Hampshire  on  the  2l9t  March  1777,  passed  the  following 
vote.  '<  Voted  that  the  thanks  of  both  houses  in  convention. 
b«  given  to  Colonel  Stark,  for  his  food  services  in  the  nlFl^seat 
war,  and  that  from  his  early  and  ateaafast  attachmetfu  to  the 
caiue  of  his  country,  they  make  not  the  least  doubt  that  bis  fi>- 
ture  conduct  in  whatever  state  of  life,  Pravidence  may  place 
him,  will  manifest  the  same  noble  disposition  of  mind."  Tnere- 
■pon  the  thanks  of  both  houses  were  presented  to  Colonel 
Stark,  by  the  Honourable  President.  Records  House  Rep.  Vol. 
11.  lao 


'.m 


•I 


$ 
'ij 


i^a,2l 


^j£iA^ 


188 


M^tfblR  OP 


'ii% 


;  "' 


i  I! 


»i 


m 

then  cominander  at  the  North;  but  if  thev  wnuU 
raise  a  body  of  troops  to  hang  upon  the  Vermont 
wing,  and  rear  of  the  enemy,  andffiw  him  to  u«^ 
his  own  discret  on  in  directing  tK«:J  ?• 

without  being  acco.mtat;t  Ly "  He?^-^^^^^^ 
fiiJS.  X^Tsedtllh'tl  -^^''^^^'^^^^^ 
sion  was  aYcSly'tur  hh^^^"?'',  ^"""^"?f 
the  recollection  of  hi  vro^^^^^^^^^  '?'"«  '^^^  « 

friends,  the  veomanrv  Ifflf"  ?"^^  "P°"  '"" 
obeyed  his  voice      In  »   r       ,^o»nfy,   and   they 

froiier  witlTconJiralJi^Vrr  '^  ^^  "^^"  ^^' 
The  aspect  of  their  affiirs  at  this  time    was  to 

fet:rwSj;::tr^^r  ^-i^pS^ 

en  them  from  their  Zonfu^T/rV'''  '^'^'■ 
a  Fortress  hitherto  <leemedl  inmtf  ?^'^o"^foga. 
versal  darm  prevailed  inle  nS" ''^''^^"'   ""'" 

^^l^en::^^^^^^^^^  accomplished    and 

triin  of  brassani  leVand  tuh  dlth"  ^°''™^*'''^ 
stores  and  equipments  tlHl  .u"  '^"^  ^PParatus, 
service  required  a"'«.rK  }^^  "«*"'«  <>{  the 
invented.  VeTerin  lifer  .i'^'f'  of  man  had 
troops  of  Britain  amJ«[  ^^^  ^^*  disciplined 
greater  portion  of  SW^T^'  constituted  the 
Sdian,  ind  Wicaf.l?,?^ 
.pies,  scouts,  anc^  rSge^s^^^^^^^  ''  ^"'' 

of  savages,  in  their  C'dres^es  S'f?"'  """^ 
weapons,  and-^chararf..r:!f  7  '•  ^*^"  ^''^*'"  own 
terrL  if  its  l^^^^^^  increased  the 

to    common  esfflion"  WoSS'^'^Zt"'''''^'''' 

which  considering  the  theat^/nf  !  ♦"  "    '^^  "^^ 

to  ten  times  that  number     nthl  i  j°"'  "^"^  ^'J""' 
Europe.  ""mt>er,  m  the  ordinary  wars  of 


^  (■•'•„.^,.... . ;..>■■ 


-   .--  f.-.~,i^^-  tj^^t^'/'r'^-r'--^ -^ 


GENERAL    STARK. 


189 


British  cause  in  America,  were  five  to  one,  Ge|i- 
eral  Burgoyne  detached  Col.  Baum  (a  German  offi- 
(»r)  with  1500  men,  upon  a  most  romantic  expedi- 
tion. His  instructions  which  fell  into  the'hands 
of  the  conqueror,  can  best  explain  his  rout,  and  the 
object  of  his  expedition. — They  are  as  follows: 

"  You  are  to  proceed  through  the  New  Hamp- 
shire grants,  cross  the  mountains,  scour  the  coun- 
try with  Peter's  corps  of  Tories,  and  the  Indians 
from  Rockingham,  to  Otter  Creek  ;  to  obtain  hor- 
ses, carriages,  and  cattle,  and  mount  ReidesePs 
regiment  of  dragoons  ;  to  proceed  down  Con- 
necticut river  as  far  a^  Brattleborough  and  return  by 
the  great  road  ta  Albany,  there  to  meet  General  Bur- 
goyne ;  to  endeavor  to  make  the  inhabitants  of  the 
country  believe  you  are  the  advanced  body  of  the 
General's  army,  who  is  to  cross  Connecticut  river, 
and  proceed  to  Boston;*  and  that  at  Sprinsfield,  we* 
are  to  be  joined  by  the  troops  from  Rhode  Island. 
All  officers  civil  aid  military,  acting  under  the  Con- 
gress, are  to  be  iqade  prisoners;  you  are  to  tax  the 
towns  where  you  h^lt,  for  such  articles  as  are  wan- 
ted, and  to  take  hostages  for  their  compliance  with 
your  requisitions."  By  the  tenor  of  this  commission  - 
it  appears,  that  the  Briti^i-  General  considered  his 
proclamation  at  Bouquet,  had  produced  wonderful' 
results; — ihat  it  had  sti;uck  a  general  panic  through 
the  states,  quelled  all  opposition — and  that  it  now 
only  remained,  for  his  troops  to  advance  and  the 
conquest  was  obtaiiled.  But  Heaven  be  praised, 
that,  fortunately,  for  the  liberties  of  this  country, 
there  were  others  who  thought  differently. 

At  this  critical  junctdre  General"  Stark  arrived 
upon  the  frontier  and  took  post  at  Bennington.  > 

*IIe  and  hia  armjr  arrived  at  Boston,  bi4  by  a  differtint  rout 
than  that  anticipated  by  the  British  Qeneralor  the  miniatry. 


mi 


I      V 


dK 


**• 


190 


HEMOIR  or 


!i\ 


M 


\  The  General   who   commanded  the  northern  nr 

\  my,  having  learned  the   arrival  of   L"rtroons  «; 

.o™r«!r"'  f '■''^?^  ^«"-   Lincoln  to  LsaJuie 
command,  and  conduct  them  to  head  quarterT  Ho 
^  presented  his  letter  of  instructions  anrpropo^d 

an  immediate  march;  but  was  informed  of  theTb 
iT'T^  :^^''^  *'"  forwarded  Gen.  Schuyler   wt: 
reported  the  case  to  General  Washinato"   andV^n 
Fes,,atthesame  time  urging  the  nt^^uj^o?  re-" 
.nforcements,   as  he  h.d  been  pressed  so  cIoL  br 

the  Mohawk.  The  matter  was  soon  after  brought 

cS  o?  N?ir '  '"^.''^T  '•^.'"'^^^^  "  t'-t  the  coun- 
cil of  New-Hampshire  be  informed   that  the  in- 
Jtructions,  which  Gen.   Stark  says  he  has  received 
from  them,  are  destractive  of  militarv  snS- 
tion  and  .highly  nrejudiciaHo  The  common  e-s" 
at  this  crisis;  an(f  that  therefore  they  be  desh-od  to 
instruct  General  Stark  to  conform  ^himseTf  to  the 
same  rules,  which  other  General  officers  of  the  m  ' 
Ilia  are  subject  to,  whenever  they  are  called  out  at 
the  expense  of  the  United  States  ''     ri.„  p 
probablv  apprised  of  thU  re'danc^^of^Xr 
'        jJetached  Lieut.  Col.  Baum  tobeat  JptUCa"' 
ters,  and  destroy  the  (orce  on  that  wing.  ^ 

Before   the   passage  of  the  above  resolve    th« 

^  rh"^?s?„?r"j '"^p*"^^  ac;r;:;plrnii'c: 

witii  i^n.  btark;  and  endeavored  to  prevail  on  him 
tocometothesproutk  of  the  Mohawk  Velatt" 

wrto'Su^t  B  "''''  'i'^"  «^  operations,  wS 
™off  ht  "f  °",.  "''^'!^"f  '  '■^"'•'  '^"^  t«  J^arras.,  and 

execute,  this  plan,  on  the  14th  of  August,  a  m^Men 

frTd'o^^fi"  t"'  ^^^'^'  ^^*'»  «"  expfessVoi^W 
h,  At  aoS*;''!"'''"^'*  ^"^*  of  Bennington,  ,Vfo?m. 
ing  that  200  Indians  arrived  there  that  mornine  •  a 
few  hours  after,  another  came  frpm  theTaWpfa;,* 


i  I 


?5f-?%T 


CENEKAL    STAftK. 


191 


Ifith  intelligence  that  1500  Hessians  and  Tories  had 
also  since  arrived.  A  large  quantity  of  flour  hav- 
ing been  collected  at  the  mills,  a  few  miles  to- 
wards Cambridge,  from  the  place  where  his  troops 
joy,  lie  immediately  despatched  a  battalion  under 
Col.  Gregg  to  secure  it,  and  followed  with  all  his 
force,  to  support  him  if  necessary.  Gregg  was 
soon  met  ih  full  retreat,  before  a  large  body  of  Ger- 
mans, who  were  approaching  in  the  rear  of  the  In- 
dians, and  were  within  one  mile  of  our  troops. 
Gregg  reported  that  the  woods  were  full  of  Indians, 
and  that  the  whole  of  Burgoyne's  army  were  on  the 
march.* 

On  perceiving  the  main  body  of  the  Americans, 
the  enemy  halted,  and  commenced  intrenching  him- 
self upon  advantageous  ground.  A  party  of  skir- 
mishers sent  out  upon  his  front,  succeeded  in  killing 
and  wounding  30  men,  without  loss  on  our  side. 
The  15th  proving  rainy,  no  i^eral  attack  was 
made,  and  tiipe  afforded  the  cfiemy  to  fortifv  his 
camp,  with  a  log  breastwork,  inform  Gen.'Bnr- 
goyne  of  his  situation,  and  request  a  reinforc«- 
uent. 

On  the  morning  of  the  16th  of  August,  the  Ameri- 
cans advanced  upon  the  enemy  :  who  was  found 
entrenched  upon  a  sodded  bluff,  fronted  by  the 
Walloomschaick  on  the  south,  with  a  gradual  slope 
on  the  north  and  west.  His  position  was  reconnoi- 
tred at  a  mile's  distance,  and  the  plan  of  attack  ar- 
ranged. 

Two  detachments,  one  to  the  right  and  one  to 
the  left,  were  ordered  to  turn  his  rear  and  advance 
directly  to  the  entrenchments,  reserving  their  fire 
until  very  near.  Fortunately,  they  reached  their 
stations  almost  at  the  same  moment,  and  by  a  rapid 

•Th«  tMwtr  to  thia  report,  wh  "  D—n  your  nraltiplTinf  oytB.' 


^ 


'  'A';, 


192 


MEMOIR  OP 


.-^ 


I      !' 


advance,  the  enemv  were  forced  out  of  their  lines 
.  c^ntes"*'""^"  '*•'  '"'^^^'  ^^''^  decided  th^ 
The  prisoners  were  collected  and  hurried  off  the 
ground  as  soon  as  possible.  They  were  scarcelv 
secured,  when  information  came  tharaTarge  J3/ 
forcement  of  the  enemy  was  coming  uplo  tS 
support.  The  number  required  to  guarj^the  mil 
oners  and  those  dispersed  for  relVeshinpnf.  ^««^ 
plunder,  left  but  few^for  defence  C^K^^lrrr? 
commg  up  at  this  critical  moment,  with  part  of  his 

elir  tT  "r'"''/"  advance  and  Attack  the 
enemy.  These  brave  troops  under  th^r  intrenid 
commander  succeeded  in  checking  hi  m/wWIe The 
others  as  fast  as  they  cpuld  hi  coltecS  were 
brought  up  to  sustain  them,  and  the  contest  ^on- 
tinueduntil  dark,  when  the  enemy  gave  wav  at  aU 
points;  many  prisoners  were  (aklnf  butThJ  mdn 
body  escaped   under  cover   of   the  night  ISS, 

InH  ?L«t '^;»K        1^  ^"""y  ^^"^^ P"""«d uStil  dark 

detachment  must  have  been  captured."  The  fruits 
of  this  victory  obtained  by  raw  Militia  over  Euro 
pean  veterans,  strengthened  by  a  numerous  and  Z- 
perate  band  of  Torils  and  InLns  smtaTeS  by  a  - 
tiliery  were  ^  pieces  ofbrass  cannon,  8  brass  drbms 
Kveral  hundred  stand  of  arms,  760  prisonm-S)7 
killed  upon  the  si)ot.  The  loss  of  the  Am"ricsS^. 
was  SO  killed  ancf  40  wounded.  But  the  mostT 
portant  result  produced  by  this  signal  andune^. 
d^slolZ'*^  ^-^^  a  restoration  of  cSnfiden^  to  the 
desponding  armie«  of  America,  and  a  death  blow  to 

whj5??l.*n'""'.''*^!®'.  **"»  directed  to  fall  upon  the  rear 

Wed  ..ainat  the  n.  Jn  h^l^f  iSo'it^'  .Z^y  S  S^ 
r^i  fo^lSrittlkL"!"*^  'I  '.''•, "'".then  iJ,r.dk..1J 


.n(/  / 


<-v* 


'^. 


u  ">&>« 


eilTERAL    STARK. 


193 


the  hopes  of  Great  "Britain.  Collections  of  the  tro- 
phies* of  this  victory,  were  presented  to  the  States 
of  Massachusetts,  New  Hampsliire  and  Vermont. 
The  news  of  the  disaster  was  braitght  to  Gen.  Bur- 
eoyne  on  the  night  of  the  16th  by  the  Indians,  who 
fled  at  the  moment  the  Americans  forced  the  Brit- 
lAJines.  A  large  portion  of  Ihe  killed  was  the  effect 
of  the  Indians'  sharp  shooting  in  their  flight 

This  was  the  first  link  in  the  chain  of  events 
which  opened  a  new  scene  to  America.  It  raided 
her  from  the  depth  of  despair,  to  the  summit  of" 
hope  ;  and  added  unfading  laurels  to  the  brow  of' 
the  veteran  who  commanded.  At  the  time  the  news 
reached  Congress,f  they  were  about  reading  New 
Hampshire  out  of  the  Union  as  the  society  of  Friends 
read  out  their  refractory  members.  They  however 
m  their  wisdom,  thought  better  of  it—that  althoueh 
proper,  it  was  not  expedient ;  and  on  the  4th  of  (Oc- 
tober, it  was  '» Resolved  that  the  thanks  of  Con- 
gress be  presented  to  Gen.  Stark  of  the  New-Hamn- 
•hire  militia,  and  the  officers  and  troops  under  his 
command,  for  their  brave  and  successful  attack 
opon,  and  signal  victory  over  the  enemy  in  their 
lines  at  Bennington  ;  and  that  Brigadier  Stark  be 
anpointe^  a  Brigadier  General  in  the  army  of  the 


•Webelievo  theyh««re  been  preaerred  in  the  other  State.  ■ 
lhedrummMaMachu8ettB,wehave  se^n  suspended  in  the  hali 
of  the  Senate  chamber.  In  this  State  manr  years  ago  the  aiS. 
etai  were  known  to  be  boxed  and  in  the  care  of  the  ComnUsSS 
uoneral.  Inquirj  has  lately  been  made  at  Portsmouth,  and  tit* 
•rt^de.  cannot  be  found  !  If  i.  reported  that  .they  wen  aoldit 
auction  leTeral  years  ago. 

-*!?r°V?*"ILr"  "^^^  why  he  did  not  commonioit*  the  »o- 
^\f  ^^V  *.*  Congress.  He  answered  that  a.  theVhS 
jotattondodto  hi,  last  letters,  hi.  corw.pond.nc  with'th« 


17 


*^*5s»,. 


JL. 


.•»A 


■1% 
1 


1.  im,^ 


104 


MBMOIllOr 


4Si 


^ 


f 


Never  were  thanks  more  deservedly  bestowed. 
'  This  was  the  first  turn  of  affairs  in  favour  of  Amer- 
ica, in  the  Northern  Department,  since  the  fall  of 
Montgonaery  before  Quebec.  The  triumph  over 
his  enemies,  was  complete.  His  conduct  on  this 
occasion,  discovered  whether  he,  or  they,  were  the 
true  friends  of  their  country.  When  her  liberties 
were  in  the  most  imminent  danger,  his  private  re- 
sentments were  forgotten  in  the  pursuit  of  the  pub- 
lic eood.  He  led  his  hardy  yeomanry  to  the  field ; 
and  to  them,  belongs  the  honor,  of  giving  the  first 
fatal  check  to  the  progress  of  the  invader,  which 
led  the  way  to  his  subsequent  entire  defeat  and  cap- 
ture. 

It  would  be  improper  to  pass  without  notice,  the 
worthy  clergyman  from  Berkshire,  who  came  with 
his  people,  to  meaisure  rifles  with  the  Hessians.  Be- 
fore light  on  the  morning  of  the  16th,  he  addressed 
the  Commander  as  follows.  "  We  the  people  of 
Berkshire  have  been  frequently  called  upon  to  fight, 
but  have  not  been  permitted.  We  have  now  re- 
solved if  you  will  not  let  us  fight,  never  to  turn  out 
again.  The  GenefTal  enquired  if  he  wished  to  go 
then,  when  it  was  dark  and  rainy.  "No,"  "Then" 
continued  the  General,  "if  the  Lord  should  give  us 
sunshine  again,  and  I  tlo  not  give  you  fighting 
enough,  I  will  never  ask  you  to  come  again."  In 
the  morning  the  weather  cleared  up,  and  the  men 
marched  ofiT  to  action,  with  the  spirits  of  freemen 
determined  to  "  live  free  or  die." 

Geii.  Stark  went  into  action  with  the  determination 
that  his  enemies,  secret  and  avowed,  should  be  con- 
founded by  a  glorious  victory,or  that  he  would  that 
ni^t  repose  in  the  soldier's  bed  of  honor. 

When  the  two  flanking  parties  approached  near 
to  each  other,  in  the  rear  of  the  enemy,  the  Indians 
ever  on  the  alert,  perceived  that  their  situation 
would  be  a  warm  one,  and  made  their  escape  in  a 


M 


aENEHlL  STAKK. 


195 


/ 


tingle  file,  betweet#the  two  parties,  with  horrid 
■creams,  and  a  jingling  of  cowbells  The  contest 
for  a  short  time  was  desperate,  particularly  at  the 
Tories'  breastwork.*  The  Hessians  were  treated 
with  the  civiJilies' belonging  to  prisoners  ofwar.f 
The  Tories  Wfere  considered  traitors  and  distinguish- 
ed as  such.  They  were  ordered  to  be  tied  in  pairs, 
and  those  pairs  connectecjt  ''y  a  rope,  to  which  a 
a  horse  was  harnessed  with  a  postillion  mounted  to 
l(»d  them  away.§  The  ladies  of  Beiteiington  fur- 
nished cords  for  the  purpose,  and  rendered  several 
other  services  with  the  same  spirit  which  actifated 
the  conquerors. 

When  Greneral  Gates  who  had  now  succeeded  to 
the  command  of  the  Northern  arnay,  wrote  the 
commander  in  Chief  a  few  days  after  this  affair,  he 
thus  exjpressed  himself.  "Upon  my  leaving  Phila- 
delphia^  the  prospect  appeared  most  gloomy,  but 
the  severe  checks  the  enemy  have  met  with  at  Ben- 
nington ahd  in  Tryon  county,  have  given  a  mor» 
pleasing  aspect  to  public  affairs." 

Stark's  victory  gave  reputation  and  courage  to 
the  Mi$tia,  who  found  that  neither  Britisl^  nor 
Germani  regulars  were  invincible.  While  the  A- 
mericanjs  exulted  on  the  one  side,  the  royal  army 

•William  Clement  of  Bradford,  Co.  of  Hillaborough,  N.H.  b*. 
iontfed  to^tickney's  regiment  which  attacked  the  Tory  breast- 
work. A4  he  rushed  up  to  MM^P*'^"'  *■  Tory  thrust  a  bayonet  at 
him  ;  he  struck  it  aside  amPpave  his  own  through  his  oppo> 
nents  eye  and  head  with  audi  f«lrce«  that  tjiA  bayonet  came  oS; 
and  remaii^ed  in  the  Tory's  hend.  When  th^tburied  the  slain,  th« 
soldiers  told  Clement  to  take  his  bayonet  out  of  the  man's  head, 
but  he  swolre  he  would  never  touch  it  again,  and  the  body  wae 
buried  in  that  condition.    , 

tTke  BrijtiBh  to  inUuce  the  Hessians  to  fight,  told  them  that 
they  would  ;b«  roaste^  and  eaten  by  the  Americans,  if  taken. 

$This  indignitj  the  Tories  and  their  descendants  neTer  cenld 
forgiTe. 


U 


<«•» 


'  \ 


r 


^' 


196 


MEMOIR   or 


experienced  a  deiM-ession.  of  spirits  on  the  other- 
especia  ly  as  the  disaster  not  only  added  to  their  de* 
%,  but  afforded  Gates  time  to  obtain  the  reinforce, 
ments  then  pn  their  march.     In  a  few  days,  thtf  ar- 
my which  had  been  driven  from  TicoJdefoga  in» 
July     faced    about,  and    with  new  cd*^rage,  ad- 
vanced to  meet  Burgoyne.     He  now  perceived  the 
danger  of  las  situation.     These  ihen  of  New  HaAD- 
shire  an^I  the  Greeji  Moi^ntains,  whom  he  had  hSfi- 
erto  viewed  with  <Jontempt,  he  now  considered  for- 
midabe  cnem.es.     In  a  let^  to  Lord   Germaine 

r.w**-n  **?'f'  ''\«'^»'  "the  New  Hampshire 

Giants  till   of  late,  but,  litUi^   known,  hang  Ake.  r 

,    cloud  upon  my  left."    He  finailjr  admitted^thM 

"was  1,1  vam  to  contend  tvith  the  Lords  of  the  sS'^ 

anZ»!!.  !?  ,?'*^*"e«  «>^  Burgoyne,  General  Stark 
approached  the  mam  «-my  at  Behmus  Heights,  and 
finally  entered  the  camp.     On  the  18th  of  SeDtem. 

and  Gen.  Gates  sensible  that  a  battle  must  shortly 

tVnl^  *  i'-'^'''  ^®'*''?"'  °^  '^'^^^"5  these  victorious 
troops  to  his  camp  ;  but  all  to  no  purpose.*  Theyf 
returned,  and  Gen.  Stark  proceeded  t  J  Ne^  HamS 
shire  to  make  report  of  his  campaign  to  the  CooJ^ 
cil,  receiving  wherever  he  came,  the  warmest  ex- 
pressions of  the  people's  gratitude.,  Congress  hon- 
oied  him  with  a  generous  vete  of  thanki,  and  the 
commission  9f  a  General  Officer  in  the  Continental 

-jI^^®^  "^^^^  "l'"*'"  ^^"i°e  when  the  battle  Wan.  many  halt- 
^jrwajr  home,  and  manjr  rotuwed.  only  tariying  at>L  oS 


{\ 


try 


f 


OCKERAi:,    STARK. 


1«7 


army..  Impressed  with  (he  idea  that  Burgoyno 
must  now  betaken,  volunteers  flocked  to  his  stan- 
4ardfrom  all  quarters,  andhe  was  shortly  enabled 
U)  joih  the  army  \yith  a  more  numerous  apd  formi- 
dable command  than  before.*  He  was  zealous  for 
attacking^^Burgoyhein  his  cnmp  at  Saratoga,  and 
for  that  purpose,  bad  placed  his  little  array  in  tht 
r^ar,  to  cutoff  his  cbmmunicatipn  with  Canada,  bv 
rW  ojhLhke  George.         ^  ^  - 

Ijr  this  movement^  Burj^oyne  Secffme  completely 
surrounded  ;  and  Gen.  Stark-  contended  that  he 
might  have  been  flp^pclled  to  an  unconditionalistfi»i 
render.  Capitulation  however  was  the  most  pru- 
dent and  perhaps  equally  advantageous  course  to  the 
Americans.  ^a 

The  war  being  how  Wer  in  the  north,  hejreturned 
home  to  .obtain  recruits  and  supplies  ;  ^nd  was  soon 
after  orderetl  by  Congress  to  prepare  for  d  winter 
expedition  to  Canada,  and  to  proceed  to  Albany  to 
confer  with  the  Mfrquis  de  la^  Fayette,  and  General 
Conway  upon  the  subject.  Afte»  preparations  wer« 
made,  Congress  thought  prqrier  to  abaodonChe  de- 
«gn.  3  - 

Early  in   1778,  he  was  ordelhed  to,  assiteie  the 
ojfminand  of  the  Northern  Department  at  Albany. 
For  this  service  he  had  very  few  troops,  two  exten- 
nve  frontier  rivers  to  guard,  and  was  surroiihded    t 
by  Tories,  spies,  speculators  and  pdblic  defaulters,  • 
In  regulating  these  abuses  he  succeeded  like  most 
reformers  ;  those  who  were  detected,  cursed  |iim, 
their  friends,  xomplained,  and  he  gladly  received  an 
order  to  join  Gen.  Gates  in  November  at  Rhode-  ^ 
IsUnd.    Gen.  Hand  8uc9eeded  him  %t  Albany,  but 

Th*  Militia  t&sed  oat  with  tli9  ii!iid«ratandiiig  ud  amnmum 
that  they  ware  to  aenro  under'  ««  Ocn.  Stark."  Thia  arffumeot 
mduced  the  men  to  march,  and  the  General  to  remain  i^  the 
field.    See  Belknap'a  Hiateiy,  Farmer's  edition,  volnau  1,  WB. 


/-* 


■'A 


.  ^ 


•/-- 


rw 


«v 


rl' 


118 


MEMOIR  or 


r5/?< 


shortly  after  left  the  command,  for  the  same  rta- 
lon,  and  with  the  same  pleasure.     On  joining  Gen. 
Gates  at  Providence,  he  was  directed  to  take  post 
at  East  Greenwich  on  account  of  his  popularity 
with  the  Militia,  and  with  a  view  to  ascertahj  and 
counteract  the  designs  of  the  enemy  from  Rhode- 
Inland.     When  the  *s6ason  of  action  was -over,  he 
returned  by  the  way  of  Boston  to  New-Hamp. 
shire  to  urge  the  necessity  of  recruits  and  supplies. 
»        In  the  spring  of  1779,  he  joined  the  army  at 
Providence  and  by  direction  of  Gen.  Gates,  he  ex- 
amined the  coast  from  Providence  to  Point  Judith, 
as  well  as  the  east  side  of  the  bay  as  far  as  Mt.  Hope. 
Few  troops  were  employed  on  this  station,  and 
more  than  ordinary  vigilance  was  required  to  pre- 
vent inroads,  and  to  establish  a  regular  system  of  es- 
pionage.     In  autumn,  indications  of  a  descent  from 
the  enemy  being  discovered,  he  removed  his  head 
quarters  to  Point  Judith,  seldom  resting  more  than 
one  night  in  a  place. 

Late  in  October,  the  enemy  were  in  motion,  and 
his  command  were  for  some  days  upon  constant  du- 
ty.   About  Jhe  10th  of  November  the  enemy  de- 
camped from  Rhode-Isl&nd,  and  early  next  morning, 
Gen.  Stark  took  possession  of  Newport,  and  placed 
guards  in  the  streets  to  prevent  plunder  and  pre- 
serve order.    At  this  time.  Gen.  Washington  fear- 
ful that  on  the  arrival  of  the  Newport  reinforce- 
ment at  New-York,  some  attempts  might  be  made 
upon  his  army,  ordered  Gen.  Gates  and  Gen.  Stark 
with  the  troops  who  had  blockaded  Newport  excep- 
ting a  small  garrison,  to  join  him  in  New-Jersey  • 
and  soon  after  directed  Gen.S.  to  proceed  to  New- 
England  to  make  requisitions  of  troops  and  sup- 
plies.    Having  performed  this  servibe,  he  joined 
the  army  at  Morristown  in  May   1780  and  was 
present  at  the  battle  of  Springfield  on  Short  Hills. 
Immediately  after  this,  he  was  despatched  to  New- 


r  .1 : 


tefesis 


-   ■   •  ■-■'     ,    f^  '  ■ 


■^  •  ^  wi^"--»"e,,Si-, 


OENKEAL  ITARK. 


II 


Englandjwith  orders  to  collect  a  body  of  Militia  and 
▼olunteei*8,  and  miurch  to  West  Point.  He  arrived 
with  hisjtroops  at  the  Point,  while  Gen.  Washing, 
ton  was  kbsent  to  meet  Count  de  Rochambeau  «^ 
Hartford  Connecticut,  and  shortly  before  Arnold*! 
dcHseJ'f  ion.  Upon  delivering  up  the  reinforcement,  he 
joined  jnis  division  at  Liberty^Pole  New  Jersey. 
In  September  he  was  ordered  to  'relieve  tho  Penn- 
s^lvaniA  line  under  6eu.  St.  Xllair,  which  had  occu- 
|aed  Wjfesi  Point  after  Arnold's  treason.  St.  Clair 
marchdd  the  next  day  to  libertv  Pole. 

WhMe  at  West  Point,  he^^  called  to  partake  in 
the  melancholy  duty  of  decnRig  the. fate  of  Major 
Andre^  and  was  a  member  of  the  military  tribunal, 
whichsentenced  to  death  that  brave,  but  unfortunate 
"  victim  of  a  traitor's  wiles."  iFlc  was  duly  sensi- 
ble of  the  hardship  of  the  case,  but  with  his  broth- 
er ofl^cers,  was  also  aware,  that  the  liberty  of  hie 
county  was  at  stake,  and  that  the  safety  of  iier  ar- 
my, dependetlupon  the  example.  Their  decision 
stem  and  unfeeling,  as  it  has  since  been  termed,  by 
thosil  who  have  lived  in  less  dangerous  times,  had 
undoubtedly  an  effect  throughout  the  war,  of  pre- 
venting a  recurrcmce  of  the  evil. 

About  this  time  Washington  formed  the  desisn  of 
surprising  Staten  Island  and  to  mask  his  intentions, 
ordered  General  Stark  ^ith  2,500  men  and  a  larg» 
train  of  waggons,' to  advance  near  New  York  m- 
landi  bring  away  all  the  corn  and  forage  to  be  found, 
and  l^over  about  New  York  until  further  orders. 
The  ^British  suspecting  some  design  from  another 
quartlpr,  suffered  this  detachment  to  pillaoe  tha 
countW  as  far  as  Morrisania,  and  King's  bri£;e,  for 
ieverd|  days,  and  then  quietly  return  wi£  their 
booty!  Col.  Humjihries  having  crossed  the  North 
river  one  stormy  night,  informed  that  the  Staten 
Island  Expedition  was  abandoned,  and  directed  the 
forager^  to  retire.    The  army  soon  after,  went  into 


^0  vm 


y*- 


.;&! 


£- 


r^m^ 


"V-.-l 


too 


MEMOIR  or 


Bi"? 


r 


winter  quarters,  at  West  Point,  New  Windsor  and 
Fishkill.  General  Stark  was  here  visited  with  a 
severe  illness,  and  returned  home  on  furlough,  with 
the  standing  orders  for  men  and  supplies. 

In  the  spring  of  1781  he  was  ordered  to  the  com- 
mand of  the  Northern  Department  at  Saratoga- 
some  feeble  detachments  of  Militia  from  N.  York 
N.  Hampshire  and  Massachusetts,  were  all  the  dis- 
posable force  for  the  protection  of  this  extensive 
frontier.  The  country  was  at  that  time  overrun 
with  spies  and  traitors.  Robberies  were  frequent, 
and  inhabitants,  (non-combatants)  carried  prisoners 
to  Canada. 

General  Schuyler's  house  was  robbed  and  two  of 
his  servants  carried  to  Canada.  The  General  saved 
himself  by  retreating  to  his  chamber,  barricading 
the  door,  and  firing  upon  the  niarauders. 

The  noise  rotised  the  city  military,  but  the  plun- 
derers escaped.  Soon  after  the  establishment  of  the 
military  post  at  Saratoga,  a  party  of  these,  brigands 
was  discovered  within  the  lines  unarmed,  and  a 
British  commission  foiJiia  upon  the  commander,  a 
refugee  from  the  States.  A  board  of  officers  exam- 
ined the  case,  pronounced  him  a  spy,  and  condemn- 
ed him  to  be  hanged;  which  sentence  was  executed 
the  next  day. 

One  of  the  prisoners  upon  promise  of  quarter, 
informed  that  he  belonged  to  a  party  of  15,  who  had 
come  down  from  Canada  on  the  same  business, —who 
were  then,  in  various  disguises,  scattered  through 
the  country,  to  ascertain  the  state  of  affairs,  for  the 
benefit  of  the  British  General  in  Canada,  who  was 
planning  an  inroad  ;  and  that  they  had  left  their 
boats  concealed  on  the  shore  of  Lake  George.  A 
Lieatenant  with  a  sufficient  force,  and  the  prisoner 
for  a  guide,  was  immediately  despatched  to  the 
place,  with  orders  to  wait  five  days,  for  the  return 
The  officer  found  th 


party. 


boats. 


^.,... 


•  •ncy>r„ 


evr  Windsor  and 
visited  with  a 
n  furlough,  with 
pplies. 

3red  to  the  com- 
nt  at  Saratoga; 
from  N.  York 
rere  _  all  the  dis- 
f  this  extensive 
t  time  overrun 
were  frequent, 
;arried  prisoners 

bbed  and  two  of 
e  General  saved 
er,  barricading 
iders. 

^  but  theplun- 
jlishment  of  the 
r  these,  brigands 
Harmed,  and  a 
commander,  a 
r  officers  exam- 
',  and  condemn- 
i  was  executed 

use  of  quarter, 
of  15,  who  had 
business, — who 
iltered  through 
affairs,  for  the 
lada,  who  was 
V  had  left  their 
ke  Gieorge.  A 
d  the  prisoner  ' 
latched  to  the 
for  the  return 
sir  boats, 


GENERAL    STARK. 


201 


Wfuted  one  day,  when  his  prisoner  escajping,  he  be- 
came alarmed  for  his  safety,  and  thought  proper  to 
disobey  his  orders,  and  return.  Ten  days  would 
have  elapsed,  before  the  enemy  could  possibly  have 
brought  a  force  against  him,  from  the  information 
of  the  spy;  and  it  was  afterwards  ascertained,  that 
the  Tories  returned  to  their  boats  two  days  after, 
and  escaped.  The  officer  was  severely  censured 
for  not  capturing  the  whole  party,  as  he  mi^it,  and 
ought  to  have  done.  /  ' ; 

The  nanie  of  the  spy  executed  was  ThomasXove- 
lace,  who  having  some  connexions  in  the  vicinity, 
complaints  were  made  to  the  Commander  in  Chief, 

and  much  said  about  the  danger  of  retaliation 

Washington  demanded  a  copy  of  the  proceedings, 
which  were  sent  him,  and  no  further  notice  taken  of 
the  affair.  The  cure  of  the  body  politic  was  radi- 
cal ;  and  no  more  of  these  parties  were  found  in 
the  country  during  the  war.* 

After  the  reduction  of  Cornwallis  and  the  danger 
of  inroads  from  Canada  had  disappeared,  he  dis- 
missed the  Militia  with  thanks  for  their  good  con- 
duct; and  after  securing  the  public  stores,  was  or- 
dered to  retire  by  way  of  Albany,  to  the  New  Eng- 
land States  to  raise  men  and  supplies  for  the  next 
campaign.  During  the  year  1782,  he  was  afflicted 
with  the  rheumatism  and  did  not  join  the  army  until 
ordered  by  General  Washington  in  April  1783.    He 

*  A  nmilar  party  was  found  at  Bennington  on  his  adtance  to 
the  coo^nand,  and  be  had  to  employ  all  his  address  to  preTent 
the  sovereign  people  fiom  exercising  summary  justice  upon  tb« 
cnlprils.    They  were  sent  to  SymsbOry  mines. 
• 

t  It  was  durmg  General  Stark's  command  at  the  north  that  tha 
battleof  Johnstown  was  fought,  in   which  Col.  Willet  with  400^ 
whites,  and  60  Oneida  Indians,  attacked  and  routed  500  British   ' 
and  Indians,  on  the  grounds  of  Johnson's  estate.    The  enemy'* 
loss  was  so  great,  that  they  reached  Canada  with  bat  220  moa. 
This  took  place  October  86, 1781. 


•I 


'     '1 


■t- 


^ 


SOS 


MBUoiR   or 


y.  1 


t 

was  upon  the  spot  at  the  day  appointed,  and  received 
the  hearty  thanks  of  Washington  for  his  punctuali. 
ty.     His  influence  was  exerted  with  that  of  the  oth- 
er General  Officers,  in  allaying  those  feelings  of  dis- 
content which  at    that  time,    manifested    them- 
selves in  the  army,  and  to  induce  the  troops  to  dis- 
band without  confusion,  and  not  suffer  their  victo- 
rious laurels  to  be  tarnished  by  acts  of  hostility  and 
violence  to  the-authorities  of  their  country.*    Af. 
tcr  this  concluding  scene  of  the  Revolution,  he  bade 
*  fin^.adieu   to   the  cares  of  public  life,   retir- 
ed  to  his  estate,  and  devoted  the   remainder  of  his 
™XV*V'^®  ^'""^^"^  duties  incumbent  upon  a  patriot, 
and  father  of  an  extensive  family.     His    long  and 
useful  Career  was  terminated  on  the  8th  of  May  18S2 
at  t^e  age  of  94;  and  he  was  the  last  surviving  Amer' 
lean  General  of  the  Revolution. 

His  funeral  was  attended  by  a  large  ccuicourse  of 
people,  at  his  late  residence  m  Manchester,  on  the 
bank  of  the  Merrimack.  His  remain^  were  inter- 
red with  military  honors  in  the  cemetry  which  with- 
in  a  few  years,  had  been  enclosed  at  his  own  request. 
It  IS  situated  on  a  mound,  being  the  second  rise  from 
the  river,  and  may  be  seen  for  a  distance  of  four  or 
five  miles  up  and  down  the  Merrimack. 

On  the  4th  of  July  1829,  a  hionument  was  erect- 
ed by  his  relatives,  to  mark  the  spot.     It  is  a  block 
of  granite  emblematical  ^f  the  republican  firmness  of 
his  character  and  hewn  in  the  form  of  an   obelisk, 
bearing   this  inscription  :    "  Maj.  General  Stark." 
Such  is  a  faint  outline,  of  the   life  and  military 
services,  of  a  hero  whom  New-Hampshire  mayjust- 
y  boast  to  have  been  unsurpassed  in  cool,  and  de- 
liberate  bravery.     He  was  indeed  one  of  the  firmest 
supports  of  the  Revolution,  and  contributed  as 

•The  eelebntod  N«wbiirg letters  were  at  tkie  time.  oiMntmr 
■poo  tlM  minde  ofthe  officers  and  aoldiere.  op«*»nt 


ri^<f\t. 


•:;a^ 


,.^; 


¥V 


OBNEKAL  STARK. 


SOS 


tkic  tins,  opvnting 


much  u  any  other  individual,  to  its  success- 
ful issue  To  him  the  unqualified  praises  of  his 
compatriots  in  arms,  have  already  been  awarded, 
and  posteritjr  have  r^pogniscd  his  important  servi- 
ces, in  the  tribute  of  respect  and  veneration,  which 
has  beeil  bestowed  upon  the  character'of  a  deceased 
friend  and  fearless  defender  of  his  country  "  in  the 
times  which  tried  men's  souls."  0^  his  patriotism 
and  integrity,  the  best  evidence  which  can  be  offer- 
ed, is  the  circumstance,  that  soon  after  the  breaking 
out  of  hostilities  between  Great  Britain  and  the 
Provinces,  he  was  offered  the  appointment  of  Brig- 
gadierinthe  royal  service,  which,  with  its  emolu- 
ments, would  have  proved  a  splendid  fortune  to 
himself  and  family.  He  rejected  it  with  disdain; 
his  reply  was,  that  he  was  "  not  to  be  bought  with 
the  baubles  and  gold  of  the  British  King,  but  had 
determined  to  devote  his  life  and  fortune  to  the  de- 
livery of  his  country  from  foreign  oppression." 

When  the  army  was  about  to  be  disbanded,  some 
of  its  commanders  still  retained  a  fondness  for  the 
pomp  and  parade  of  courts,  and  orders  of  aristocra- 
cy. The  establishment  of  the  Cincinnati  was  the 
result.  To  this,  the  General  made  many  objections, 
one  of  which  was,  that  the  principles  of  the  order, 
bore  no  resemblance  to  those  of  the  illustrious  Gin- 
cinnatus.  '^ 

To  imitate  the  great  Roman,  he  observed,  we 
should  return  to  the  occupations  we  have  left,  with- 
out ostentation,  holding  ourselves  in  readiness,  to 
obey  the  calls  of  our  country.  This  was  the  line 
of  conduct  he  had  markedi  out  for  himself,  and 
which  through  life  he  strictly  pursued.  In  the  path 
of  duty,  no  man  was  more  stern  and  unbending;  yet 
no  one  better  understood  the  art  of  winning  the 
affections  of  the  soldiers — with  them,  he  was  at 
times  upon  the  most  familiar  and  sociable  terms; 
but  knew  well  how  to  check  any  thing  which  had 


■*:■'"« 


t    I 


■  t*.' 


204 


MEMOIR  or 


the  appearance  of  forwardness  or  ill-timed  familiar- 
ity. Fearlefis,  cool,  intrepid  and  calculating  in  the 
midst  of  danger,  he  could  make  no  allowance  for 
those  whose  nerves  were  of  a  more  sensitive  text- 
ure. When  the  writer  first  became  acquainted  with 
the  General,  he  was  the  last  surviving  (American) 
General  of  the  Revolutionary  army.  He  was  then 
the  only  relict  of  that  glorious  band  of  patriots  who 
were  his  compeers,  to  read  the  story  of  their  suf- 
ferings and  triumphs. 

VV^u  ^^u  P'"""'*  °°-^*  "***  ^'■''^^'  **>«  pelting  storm, 
Unbroke,  unbent,  though  lightnings  play  sublime, 

'     Zu^   "'"°'y  y^"^  ^*^^  marked  thy  war-worn  form, 
Thoustand'st  alone  amid  the  march  of  time. 
First  in  the  lists  where  warring»chan:pions  stood,  , 

Whoft)  free-born  spirits  brook'd  no  sceptred  lord. 
Thy  deeds  of  fame  were  writ  in  tyrants'  blood. 
And  freedom  blest  thy  ever-conquering  sword."  i 

Though  broken  down  with  age  and  infirmities, 
his  memory  was  still  clear  and  distinct  in  regard  to 
the  military  events  in  which  he  took  part  in  the 
seven  years  war  under  Lord  Howe  and  General  Am- 
herst. The  events  of  the  Revolution  had  then 
mostly  escaped  his  rebollection  ;  he  had  however 
enough  of  them  at  command  to  dictate  an  appropri- 
ate  letter  to  President  Munroe,  who  had  served  with 
him  at  Trenton,  but  whose  numerous  engagements 
prevented  his  paying  him  a  visit  during  his  tour  of 
New  Hampshire. 

The  events  of  the  la^t  xvbx  with  Great  Britain, 

•  The  eminence  occupied  biy  the  Hessians  at  the  battle  of  Ban- 
Bmgton,  IS  now  called  •■  Hesgian  Hill."  A  traveller  a  few  ywrs 
■nco,  described  it  as  covered  with  W  growth  of  bushes  and  vooiiff 
oaks.  One  noble  oak  which  kpparently  had  braved  the  BtonnTof 
an  hundi«d  wmters,  still  towered  ibove  the  surroundinir  dwarft 
not  unaptly  remmding  the  8p£ctat6r,  of  the   veteran  Arrwhl 

rJuTIL^t!  J»*PPJnes.  of  postefity,  tii«  result  of  hia  glonow 


1i 


aiNBRAL    STARK. 


m 


ill-timed  familiar- 
calculating  in  the 
no  allowance  for 
re  sensitive  text- 
ic  acquainted  with 
ving  (American) 
ly.  He  was  then 
d  of  patriots  who 
)ry  of  their  suf- 


ngstorm, 

sublime, 

r-wora  form, 

me. 

IS  stood,  i 

■ed  lord, 

>lood, 

word." 

and  infirmities, 
inct  in  regard  to 
)ok  part  in  the 
and  General  Am- 
lution  had  then 
e  had  however 
ate  an  appropri- 

had  served  with 
us  engagements 
iring  his  tour!  of 


Great 


1- 
Britajin, 


it  the  battle  of  Ben- 
raveller  a  few  yean 
>f  bushes  and  yoang 
braved  the  Btomu  of 
surrounding  dwarA, 
veteran  H«ro  who 
tio  atill  aunrivfld  to 
suit  pf  hi*  glorioM 


were  watched  by  the  Grenerai  with  the  strictest  atten- 
tion. After  the  surrender  of  General  Hull,  he  was 
informed  that  the  brass  cannon  taken  at  Bennington,* 
which  bore  the  inscription  of  August  16,  1777,  were 
surrendered  to  the  enemy.  He  was  highily  Jncen- 
sed  at  the  loss  of  his  guns,  as  he  termed  them; — 
and  lamented  that  his  age  and  infirmities  prevented 
his  again  taking  the  field  for  his  country. 

He  read  with  delight,  the  complete  overthrow  of 
the  enemy  at  New  Orlieans,  and  pronounced  the  he- 
ro of  the  west,  worthy  to  cominand  the  nation. 

At  that  alarming  crisis  in  the  history  of  this  coun- 
try "  when  the  chafed  Lion  of  New-£ngland<  leap- 
eel  upon  the  daripg  huntsman,  who  had  galled  him, 
and  bade  defiance  to  his  power,"  Stark  was  one  of 
the  first  who  declared  for  his  country,  aniiKf^sofn- 
bled  a  regiment  of  daring  Irish  and  Scotchmen'  for 
her  service,  who  proved  themselves  throughout  the 
war,  worthy  of  their  European  ancestors.  After 
having  rendeored  imprtant  services  in  the  arduovi 

* 
*  These  beautiful  brass  pieces  of  airtillcry  were  destined  to  un- 
dergo several  of  the  vicissitudes  of  wair.  They  are  French  oast, 
and  were  brought  from  Quebec,  with  the  army  of  Burgoyne,  and 
captured  at  Baum's  defeat.  They  were  inscribed  "taken  at  Ben>^ 
aiagton  August  10, 1777."  They  constituted  part  of  the  artille- 
ry of  Hull's  army,  and  fell  into  the  enemy's  hands  at  Detroit. 
An  officer  of  Hull's  army,  mentions  an  anecdote  respecting  them, 
aa  follows.  He  was  near  the  station  of  the  field  artilleiy,  when 
the  British  officer  of  ^the  day,  ordered  the  evening  salutes  to  b« 
find  from  the  American  cannon,  who  at  the  same  time  reading 
the  inscription  «  taken  at  Bennington  August  16, 1777,"  observ- 
ed that  he  would  cause  to  be  added  as  an  additional  line  to  the 
verse  "  Retaken  at  Detroit  August  16,  1812."  The  guns  were 
carried  by  the  British,  down  to  t^'ort  George,  at  the  month  of 
Niagara,  where  they  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  American  army, 
which  captured  that  Fortress.  General  Dearborn  had  them  trana- 
ported  to  Backet's  Harbour,  and  with  them,  says  our  informant. 
(Captain  Jonathan  Eastman  Jr.)  we  fired  the  salutes  in  honour  of 
Harrison'svictory  over  Procter  at  the  Thanes  in  npper  Canada. 
The  guifl  ar«  nibw  at  WaAington. 
^18 


■-'  ■, 


^ 


<-m 


4- 


*jr 


^wre^*!      *     T/f  «s  3'>'V''( 


it 


£'     \ 


I  1 


S06 


MEMOIR    or 


eampaigns  of  the  Frencli  war  under  Howe,  Aber- 
erombie  and  Amherst — after  sustaining  his  part 
gallantly  in  the  fields  of  Bunker's  Hill  and  Tren- 
ton, and  contributing  much  to  the  result  of  those 
important  actions — he  had  the  mortification  to  find 
himself  overlooked  in  the  line  of  promotion,  and 
men  who  \jrere  his  inferiors  in  rank,  who  had  scarce- 
ly seen  the  fire  of  an  enemy,  or  the  smoke  of  his 
camp,  promoted  over  him.  He  remonstrated  to 
Congress,  but  all  to  no  purpose; — and  rather  than 
aubmi|  to  the  injustice  of  the  measure,  he  resigned 
his  commission  and  retired  from  the  army. 

When  the  invader  advanced  from  the  north  with 
»  powerful  force,  and  all  the  energies  of  the  coun- 
try became  necessary  to  repel  his  attack,  the  author- 
ities of  his  njftive  state,  directed  their  attention  to 
General  Stark,  relying  upon  his  military  reputation 
and  popularity  to  call  out  the.militia  of  New  Hamp- 
shire and  Vermont.  At  their  request,  laying  aside 
the  recollection  of  his  wrongs,  he  called'  upon  his 
friends,  the  yeomanry  of  the  countryv  and  they 
obeyed  his  voice.  The  victory,  of  Bennington  dis- 
covered to  his  astonislied  countrymen  the  rare  spec- 
tacle of  undisciplined  militia  fighting  for  their  fire 
sides  and  homes,  and  triumphing  over  British  vete- 
rans. The  enemy  were  attacked,  front,  flank  and 
rear  at  the  same  moment,  and  not  one  escaped.  A 
tsecond  division  which  arrived  to  their  support,  was 
immediately  attacked  and  totally  defeated,  though 
part  of  the  detachment  escapftd  under  cover  of  the 
night,  otherwise  they  would  have  shared  the  fate  of 
their  comrades. 

Mr.  Jeflerson  sopie  years  since,  speaking  of  him- 
self,^  Gejieral  Stark,  and  Mr.  Adaujs,  then  the  eldest 
patriarchs  of  the  Revclution,  in  regard  to  the  ob- 
jects which  were  most  agreeable  to  the  recollections 
of  en<  h  of  them,  makes  use  of  this  6bservation;— 
H  Stark  talked  of  his  Bennington  and  exulted  in  his 


■  ^.  '■'  -^ 


CCNEltJLL    STARK. 


207 


Slory."  Exultation  in  the  usual  sense  of  the  term, 
id  not  belong  to  him.  To  nil  the  committees  from 
different  states  who  congratuhited  him  upon  his  suc- 
cess, his  answer  was  "  tliut  any  other  man  would 
have  done  as  well  under  similar  circumstances." 
And  well  might  the  hero  exult  in  his  fame.  He  had 
struck  an  immortal  blow  in  the  cause  of  liberty, 
which  turned  the  tide  of  conquest  against  her  ene- 
mies, and  gave  hope  and  confidence  to  his  despair- 
ing friends  in  the  common  cause.  It  was  not  the 
loud  shout  of  successful  ambition,  but  the  .honest 
expression  of  true  patriotism,  which  characterised 
his  triumph.     The  liberty  of  his  country   was  the 

grize  for  which  he  contended — to  free  the  land  of 
is  birth  from  foreign  dependence,  and  not  merely 
the  gathering  of  military  laurels,  was  the  object  of 
this  soldier  citizen;  when  that  was  obtained,  h« 
retired  to  domestic  life,  and  never  more  solioitfed,or 
received  a  public  employment.  It  iniist  have  been 
extrelnely  gratifying  to  his  feelings,  to  observe  the 
effect  of  his  successes  upon  Gongiess,  late  so  hostile 
to  his  promotion,  in  drawing  from  them  commis- 
sions and  votes  of  thanks. 

It  is  however  worthy  of  remark,  that  while  Con- 
gress liberally  bestowed  upon  distinguished  actors 
in  the  great  Revolutionary  drama,  swords  and  med- 
als in  apprftbation  of  their  services,  the  total  defeat 
of  a  veteran  enemy,  the  capture  and  destruction  of 
a  thousand  men,  and  a  death  blow  given  to  the 
hopes  of  the  invader,  was  complimented  by  the  Old 
Congress,  with  a  generous  vote  of  thanks  bestowed 
upon  the  hero  of  Bennington. 

In  person  the  General  was  about  the  middle  si«e, 
extremely  well  proportioned,  and  in  his  youth  wai 
remarkable  for  vigor,  activity,  and  the  capability 
of  sustaining  fatigue;  as  was  proved  _  during  the 
French  war,  in  which  a  single  bear-skin  and  a  roll 
of  snow  was  frequently  the  war  couch   of  our  gal- 


"#i 


*■•■- 


-W 


r 


S08 


MEMOIR  or 


lant  veterans.  He  was  a  man  of  kindne«i  and  hos- 
pitality, which  through  life  he  extended  to  all  hi. 
broken  down  companions  in  arms^,  a'nd  all  others 
tTpljjri  J^^*'  assistance.  One  remarkable  fact  in 
InLlV-  ^"*"*  ?''^^'  **'  *»»«*  althougK  often 
Frinfh  «r/lT  ^"^^/«Pr*«  combat  with  th^ 
^hnn^T  •  ''•^"!l''"i  afterwards  with  the  «F1^ 
ish  and  Tories,  in  the  Revolution,  he  was  never 
Jtruck  by  a  shot,  or  wounded  in  an'y  man?ej  by  Z 

.W^tt^^'^^'ur  ^^?/"^**^'  ™  "  unexception- 
able as  in  his  pubhc  life.     His  manners  were  frank 
and  open;  though  tinged  with  an  eccentTfcUy,  ^ 
culiar  to  himself,  and  useful  to  societv     He  .S 
tained  through  life,  the  reputation  of  a  W«  of  hot 
or,  and  integnty,  friendly*^to  the  induS^fou    and 
enterprising^evere  to  the  idle  and  Snworthv^ 
society  may  venerate  the  memory  of  an  ^2  c^^ 
xen  andthe  nation,  of  a  hero,^  whose  eSwyi 
written  in  the  remembrance  of  his  countrymeT 


■■l«« 


'% 


The  following  articles  connectdd  with  the  life  of 
General  Stark  are  selected  frbm  hispa^^  ;    heref 
mamder  of  which,  will  be  published  in  the  New 
Hampshire  Historical  Collections. 


Copy  of  a  petition  to  the  Government  of  New- 

"Anjos  Eastman  of  Pennact)ok,  andJohn  Stark 
of  Starkstown,  [Dunbarton],  both  in  the  p"<iSSc« 
Of  New-Hampshire,  of  lawful  a^,  tortify  aid  wy^ 


-"^M.-.- 


?,5*;"i,,;'bv- .    -  * 


.  ,^  ,.>■ 


=.v..^. 


■\\ 


QENIRAI,    STARK. 


209 


cindnets  and  hoi- 
(tended  to  all  hit 
,  and  all  others 
:niarkable  fact  in 
although  often 
ombat  with  th^ 
Is  with  the^Flt^ 
>  he  was  never 
y  manner  by  th« 

as  unexception- 
lers  were  frank 
iccentricity,  pe- 
ciety.  He  sus- 
•f  a  man  of  hoh- 
indi;j|triou8,  and 
nd  unworthy-* 
r  an  honest  citi. 
hose  eulogy  is 
ountrymen. 


mth  the  life  of 
papers ;  the  re- 
id  in  the  New* 


ment  of  New- 
lie  office  of  the 


id  John  Stark 

the  Prdvincif 

■tify  aad  say  j 


That  on  the  t8th  day  of  April  1752,  they  were  in 
company* with  H^liam  Stark  of) Starkstown,  and 
DaTid  Sanson  oH^tondonderry,  on  one  of  the 
branches  of  Pemigewasset  river,  about  18  miles  from 
Stevcnstown,  [Salisbury], anifthat on th^ame  day, 
towards  night,  the  Indians  captivated  the  said  John, 
and  the  next  morning  soon  after  day  break,  capti- 
vated the  said  Amos,  and  fired  on  David  Stinson 
and  William  Stark  ;  killed,  scal|ied,  and  stripped 
the  said  David  ;  (aftd  the  said  William  made  hues- 

X)  and  Carried  the  deponents  both  to  Canada, 
did  not  return  till  the  sixth  ^of  August  then 
next    That  the  stuff  the  Indians  took  from  thede- 

Eonents  and  their  company,  was  of  the  value  o{mv% 
undred  and^sixtj^  pounds  at  the  least,  old  tenor, 
for  which  they  have  n6  restitution. ,  Tliat  the  said 
Amos  was  sold  to  the  French,  and  for  his  redemp- 
tion paid  sixty  dollars  to  his  master,  besides  all  hi* 
expenses  of  getting  home.  That  the  said  John 
Sta  rk  purchased  his  redemption  of  the  Indians,  for 
which  he  paid  one  hundred  and  three  dollars,  be- 
sides all  his  expenses  getting  home.  That  thei^ 
were  t8  Indians  in  company  who  ciiptivated  the  de-^ 
ponentt^and  lived  at  St.  Francoiq.  They  often  told 
the  deponents  it  was  not  peace.     One  Francis  Titi- 

Siw  wav  the  chief  of  the  scout.     There  was  in 
ek  scout  one  named  Peer,  a  young  sagamore  that 
belonged  to  St.  Francois."  ..,-^ 

\  The  deponentcTmad^l^lh  to  the  preceding.  May 
W,  1T54,  before  Joseph  Blanchard,  Ksq.  one  of  hi* 
najesty'f  jnstV^ei  olthe  Pleace. 

In  a  memoHaF  presented  fcpy  William  Stark, 
Amos  Eastman,  and  Jol^n  StiM^k,  to  Governor  Went- 
worth  in  1764,  they  say  that  thev  gave  no  offence 
te  the  Indians,  that  they  had  it  m  their  power  to 
destroy  them,  or  defeat  their  enterprise;  but  esteem- 
ing it  a  time  of  peace,  with  all  the  Indiani  who  . 
18* 


>< 


y         } 


I 


Bi%. 


■f- 


:•--/■  •■<!' 


flO 


MKMoiR  or 


own  thfimselvea  t^e  subjects  of  the  Pronch  Kinir 

mi  ed  against  them,  peaceably  applied  themselves 
ia  heir  business,  till  ambMshed  bj^he  InSfwh; 
killed  scalped,  and  stripped  Dav^  Stinson,  one  of 
their  company,  captivated  the  aflresaid  John  and 
Amos  and  shot  at  the  said  WiJlLm  who  escawd 
earned  the  said  caotives  to  Canad^  and  aU^T 
time  took  the  goocls  and  effects  of  your  mem 
ists,  and  said  David  Stinson  in  con^pany,  of  th 
ue  of  five  hundred  and  sixty  pounds  at  \t^i  m 
tenor."  «  -   r  mS  ' 

The  Government  never  refuhded  any^l^Rf  th* 

liberal    I?  *^i?  '"'Pf^V.  Massachusetts^  morj. 

-  ^rS  ?«  ^f  «*™an  were  redeemed  by  Mr.  WheeN 
^^dtpUon  ^^^^^ ''  "'""  they .fterwU  paid  th. 


Let 


Hill. 


^ofCpI    Stark  to  the  Pravincial  Congresi 
'.  H.  with  a  report  of  the  Battle  of  Bunker's 


Six, 


Mtdjord,  JyiM  19,  1776. 

I  embrace  this  opportunity  by  Colonel  Holland.* 
ih^K '  ^7  'T^  particulars  of  an  engagemem 
which  was  fought  on  the  Hth  instant,  betw^n  the 
British  troops  and  the  AmerSm,.  oi  the  mh  J 
evening  a  detachmertt    of  the  Massachusetts  line 

•C^.  Holland  afterwards 
Ywl^Ha  received  an  esta 
«  remiAieration  for  his  co 
Bampshire. 


ItMh  and  WMtte  N«#  * 
'(*>  10><'iPhd.a. 
LoBdondtrrj.Naw- 


:^: 


t ' 


% 


•'?».,» 


*    OBNBB^   STARK. 


211 


marched  by  the  General's*  order,  to  make  an  in- 
4renchinent  upon  a  hill  in  ^Charlestown  called 
Charlestown  Hill,  near  Boston,  where  they  intrench* 
ed  that  night  without  interruption  ;  but  were  attack- 
ed on  the  morning  of  the  17th  very  warmly  by 
^f;  ships  of  war  in  Charlestown  river,  and  the  bat- 
tipries  in  Boston.  Upon  this,  I  was  ordered  by  the 
PJteperal,  to  send  a  detachment  of  200  men  with 
l^ilfTOpcr  officers  to  their  assistance ;  which  orderl 
I  promptly  obeyed  ;  and  appointed  Lieut.  Goionel 
Wyman  to  command  the  same.  Atnwo  o'clock  P. 
M.  an  express  arrtyed  with^  orders  for  my  whole 
re^ment  to  proceed  to  Charlestown,  to  oppose  the 
British  who  were  landing  on  Charlestown  Point,t 
Accordingly  we  proceed^,  and  the  battle  soon  came 
on,  in  which  a  number  of  officer^  and  men  of  my 
regimciit  were  killed  and  wounded.  The  officers 
killed  were  Majdr  McClary  by  a  cannon  ball,  Capt. 
Baldwin  and  Lieut,  Scott  by  small  arms. 

'General  Ward  ordered  this  party  to  (brtiiy  BuniOIV's  Hill ;  but 
hj  «.ome  mistake,  they  pro<»lieded  to  Breed's  Hitl,  a  lesser  etei- 
■ence  nearer  Boston  ;  which  made  it  absolutely  necessary  th»t 
the  British  should  dislodge -them.  .This  attempt  produced  what 
is  called  the  Battle  of  Bunker's  Hill.  It  first  gave  the  entfmy  aa 
idea  that  the  Yankees  could  fight ;  and  the  Americans  a  confi- 
dence in  their  own  courage.  The  British  commander  conducted 
his  uttack  in  the  most  imprudent  manner  possible.  By  occupying 
the  neck  with  part  of  his  force,  and  with  the  remainder  to  hav* 
attacked  the  American  rear,  would  have  cut  them  off  efTectually 
and  saved  n;iany  brave  men  on  both  sides.  But  ai  it  happened  tfc* 
result  of  the  action  had  a  good  effect  upon  the  American  cauM, 
by  giving  the  British  a  sample,  of  the  courage  and  patriotism,  of 
„  the  men  they  had  undertaken  to  subdue. 

fCol.  Stark's  regiment  formed  the  left  wing  of  tKe  Amerieena, 
and  was  thrice  attacked  by  the  regiment  of  Welsh  Fosiieen, 
whom  they  repulsed  with  rachslaughtertth^t  the  regiment  which 
went  into  action  with  a  force  pf  700  strong,  nnstered  the  neat  ' 
aoniag  apoa  pendtbot  83. 


\     » 


I* 


■4. 


■     ,A 


213 


MEMOIR  or 


The  \^hole  number  including  officers  killed 
and  missing 
Wounded 


15 
45 


00 


Total,  killed,  wounded  and  missing 

By  Colonel  Reed's  desire,  I  transmit  the  account 
of  those  who  suffered,  belonging  to  that  portion  of 

his  regiment,  who  were  engjjed. 

Killed  „ 

Wounded  -J 

Missing  t 


Total  in  both  regimfints,  9S. 


33; 


But  we  remain  in  good  spp-lts,  being  well  saUsfied 
that  where  w*  have  lost  one,  the  enemy  have  lost 
»  ®;o  I  should  consider  it  a  favour  if  the  Commit- 
tee of  Safety  would  recommend  to  the  several  towns 
and  parishes  in  the  Province  of  New  Hampshire, 
the  ne^ssity  of  their  detaining  and  sending  ick  al 
the  soldiers  belonging  to  the  New  Hampshire  Line, 
stationed  al  Medford  whom  they  may  ind  at  a  dis! 

c:i!a"LtoS:  "''^"'  '^  '"''^"«^  ^--  *»>• 

lam  Sir,  with  great  respect, . 
yours^  and  the  country's  to 

serve  i&  the  good  cause, 

T«  T„r  H«-   tM  n.      ^^^^  STARK, 

ro  THE  Hoif.  Matthew  Thornton,  Esq. 

: ,  Eaeter, 

<J«0»ORATUiaTORr  LETTER  FROM  OEW.  tbHlTTUR 
.  TO  OEN.  STARK. 


Orar  Sir, 


Vamhaik't,  Jhtg.  19, 1777. 


I  dp  myself  th«  pleasure  to  congratulate  you 


on 


'ikrr 


^ 


%  J. 


^ •< 


GENERAL   STARK. 


21Z 


ccrs  killed 


CO 
nit  the  account 
that  portion  of 


>g  well  satisfied 
pmv  have  lost 
if  the  Coininit- 
i  several  towns 
w  Ilaoipshire, 
inding  back  all 
tnnMhire  Line, 
f  nnd  at  a  dis- 
)ugh  from  th« 


cause, 

N  STARK. 
!V,  Esq. 
Eieter. 

•  VfcJBvrLii 


f.  19,1777. 
iiilatejoa  on 


the  signal  victory  which  you  have  gained  ;  pilease 
accept   ray  best  thanks.     The  consequence  of  the 
severe  stroke  the  enemy  hafe  received,  cannot  fwl 
of  producing  the  most  salutary  results.     I  have  des- 
patched one  of  my  Aids  de  Camp  to  announce  your 
I  ^  victory  to  Congress  and  the  commander  in,  Chief. 
Governor  Clinton  is  coming  up  with  a  body  of 
Militia,  and  I  trust  that  after  what  the  enemy  have 
received  from  you,  their  progress  will  be    retarded 
and  we  shall  yet  see  them  driven  from  this  part  of 
the  country.*  Gen.  Gates  is  at  Albany  and  will  this 
day  reassume  the  command. 
I  am,  dear  General, 
Your  most  obedient 

PH.  SCHUYLER. 


LETTERS  OF  THANKS  FROM  THE  STATE  OF  VERMONT. 

State  of  Termont,  in  council  of  Safety. 

•  :  ^         ^:^     Bennington,  Sept.  a,  ini. 

The  council's  compliments  most  cordially  wait  on 
his  honor  Brigadier  Greneral  Stark,  with  their  sin- 
cere thanks  for  the  honor  the  General  has  been 
pleased  to  do  them,  by  presenting  a  Hessian  broad 
sword,  taken  by  a  number  of  troops  from  the  Slate 
of  New  Hampshire  and  elsewhere,  under  his  imme- 
diate command,  in  the  ever  memorable  battle  fought 
at  Walloomschaik,  near  this  place,  on  the  sixteenth 
day  of  August  last ;  and  also,  for  the  honor  the 
General  has  been  pleased  to  do  them,  in  applauding 
their  exertions  for  the  public  as  a  council. 
Brio.  Gen.  Stark. 

• 

•BetUr  still,  thtj  wera  dnrsn  to  BMton. 


n 


-'V^tsJS^Mi 


«s5«r*^p 


814 


MEMOIR   or 


State  of  Vermont.,    In  Council  of  Safety. 

m.  M    .        ^^^^ington,20tliSept.m'r. 

Ihe  council    beg  leave  to   return  their   sincere 
thanks  to  the  Hon.  Brioadier  Gen.  John  Stark,  for 
the  infinite  service  he  has  been  jjleased  to  do  them, 
m  defending  them,  and  their  constituents,  from  the 
cruelty  and  bloody  rage  of  our  unnatural  enemy. 
Who  sought  our  destruction  on  the  16th  of  August 
iMt.      1  hey  also  return  their  grateful  acknowledge- 
ments for  the  honor  the  General   has  been  pleased 
to  do  the  council,  by  presenting  them  with  one  Hes- 
«an  gun,  with  a  bayonet,  one   broadsword,    one 
brass  barrelled  drum,  and  a  grenadier's  cap, taken  on 
the  memorable  16th  of  August,   for  the  dbU)f  this 
stale.     Ihe  General  may  rely  upon  it,  tW  will  be 
reserved  for  (the  use  (hey  were  designe^^*   > 
I  am,  dear  General,  '       ^^ 

with  sentiments  of  esteem,    " 
your  most  obedient 
humble  servant, 
THOMAS  CHITTENDEN; 

u..-    -D         r^        r.  President. 

Hon.  Brig.  Gen.  Stark. 

-  «■  •  • 

A  similar  collection  of  trophies,  was  presented  to 
the  State  of  New  Hampshir..     Thev  were  boxed 
up,  and  kept  some  time  in  the  old  Courtf  house  at 
rorlsmouth  ;  we  understand  they  were«ouie  years 
since,  sold  to  get  them  out  of  the  way,  being  con- 
iidered  an  incumbrance,  and  unworthy  of  preserva- 
tion by  an  enlightened  posterity.     In  the  States  of 
Vermont  and  Massachusetts,  these  venerable  trophies 
nave  been  preserved  in  a  conspicuous  place,  and  it 
would  not  appear  to  have  been  very  derogatory  to 
the  wisdom   of  a  New   Hampshire   LegisFaturi  to 
have  done  the  same  ;  for  if  there  are  ciFcumstances 
in  their  history,  of  which  they  have  reason  to  be 


'**»*„  »•-<»  i 


GENERAL  BTAKK. 


SI  5 


Erond,  it  is  the  gallantry  of  their  countrymen   at 
unker's  Hill,  Trenton,  Bennington,  Saratoga  and 
Monmouth. 


•^^y-    . 


State  of  jyetp- Hampshire.     In  Committee  of  Safety. 
Dear  Sir, 

The  committee  received  yours  of  the  J8th  inst. 
with  the  greatest  pleasur^,  and  have  directed  me  to 
present  their  very  sincere  thanks  to  ^ou,  the  offi- 
cers and  soldiers  under  your  command,  for  their 
brave  and  si)irited  conduct  manifested  in  the  ]at« 
battle,  and  for  the  very  essential  service  done  the 
country  at  this  critical  period.  I  hope  sir,  that  the 
late .  success  may  be  a  preluded  to  greater  things  of 
the  same  kind,  and  that  Heaven  will  ytet  bestow 
many  blessings  upon  our  country,  thrA^gh  your 
hands.  ** 

Fervently  praying  that  the  God  of  armies  may 
protect  you  in  the  day  of  battle,  be  a  shield  and 
buckler  to  our  countrymen  under  your  command, 
and  that  he  may  give  success  and  victory  to  all  your 
undertakings,  I  do  in  behalf  of  the  committee,  [sub- 
scribe myself  your  most 

obedient  and  very  i 

humble  servant, 

M.  WEARE,     Chairman. 

HoK.  Geh.  Stark. 


f' 


letter  of  Prendent  Hancock  enchsing  vote  of  thanki, 
and  a  commission  in  the  army  of  the  United  SUOes. 


Sir, 


Yorktoten,  Pa.  Oct.  6,  17T7. 


It  is  with  the  greatest  pleasure  I  transmit  the 


--.    «   1i     TIliW  iJMtfiilTiTBlifa     ll*riTfir      I       K^-LiU.  ^. 


m 


21C 


MEMOIR     OF 


closed  resolve  of  Congress,  expressing  the  thanks 
of  that  body  to  you,  and  to  the  officers  and  troocs 
under  your  command,  for  the  signal   victory  you 
obtained  ever  the  enemy  in  the  late  battle  at  Ben- 
nmgton.     In  consideration  of  your  distinguished 
conduct-on  that  occasion,  and  the   service  youren  ^ 
dered  the  cause  of  freedom  and  your  country,  the 
Congress  have    been  pleased    to  appoint  you  I 
Brigadier  in  the  army  of  the   United  States.^Be 
pleased  to  communicate  to  the  officers  and  troons 
under  your  command,  this  mark  of  the  approbation 
of  their  country  for  their  exertions  in  defence  of  A- 
merican  Liberty.     I  enclose  your  commission  and 

r«s    ct  Sir""*'"'  ***       "^'^^  *^  ^""^^'^'^  ^'*®®«'  »°^ 
Your  most  obedt.  and  very 

humble  servant, 


/ 


(ti>^ 


RESOLVE    OP  CONGRESS. 

1   J    mi.  .  ,  ^" .Congress  October  4,  17T6. 
M,  That  the  thanlss  of  Congress  be  present- 

.Athl'nm^^  ^^"'^^^  the  New  Hampshire  toitia, 
,d  the  officers  and  troops  under  his  command  fo^ 
hoir  brave  and  successful  attack  upon,  and  signal 
victory  over  the  enemy   i„  their  JinesLt  BennW 
ton  and  that  Brigadier  Stark  be  appointed  a  Brif- 
•dier  in  the  army  of  the  United  States.  * 

,   By  order  of  Congress. 
JOHN  HANCOCK,  Prenieitf. 


6ERMAK  i-IDELITY. 

Dl'ar  Sir,  '^""'''^  '^'^'  '^'  ^™' 

Thirteen  Germans,  have  been  before  us  and  ad- 
vaneed  for  reasons  for  not  taking  the  oath  of  allc 


■^ 


OBNBRAL    ITARK. 


217 


fiance,  that  the  time  of  their  contract  with  their 
'rince  is  not  yet  expired,  after  wh^ch  they  will  be . 
at  liberty  to  make  a  new  one.  Up^n  recommenda* 
tiODg  of  their  conduct,  we  have,  permitted  them  to 
return  to  Schoharie,  upon  their  taking  an  oath  of 
neutrality  to  the  States.  Your  concurrence  in,  or 
disapprobation  of  the  measure,  will  be  necessary. 

Your  humble  servts. 
__  Mat.  VissiGHER. 

Hoic.  Geh.  Stark.  Jer.  Van  Rensselaer. 

Isaac  D.  Forde. 
,  Concurred  in. 

J.  S. 


f- 


CK,  President. 


THE  FOLLOWING  IB  A   LETTER  FROM  THE    KCCliNTRlfi 
COL.  ETHAN  ALLEN. 

■* 

BennitigUmt  Jvmt  18, 1778. 
Dear  Sir, 

I  lately  received  a  letter  from  General  Chites,  re- 
questing me  to  furnish  you  assistance  in  defending 
the  ^norther  frontier.  I  shall  be  happy  to  render  any 
aid  in  my  ^ower,  to  that  service.  Your  reputation 
and  the  hatred  and  fear  with  which  you  are  regwrd- 
edby  the  Tories,  those  infernal  enemies-  of  Ameri- 
can liberty,  induce  me  to  propose  a  visit  to  your 
aiiiarters  in  Albany  as  soon  as  our  affidrs  are  in  a  lit- 
e  better  way.  The  Tories  and  the  friends  of  To- 
ries  give  us  some  trouble  as  yet.  Their  manige- 
ment  in  a  great  measure,  keeps  alive  the  anarchy 
which  has  heretofore  disturbed  the  peace  of  Ter- 
moat.  I  am  of  the  opinion,  that  we  shall  nerer  be 
at  peace  while  one  df  the  traitor*  it  suffered  to  re- 
mam  in  the  country.    I  hear  you  are  doing  well,* 

•Doing wall, h«ram«aiuhuigiBf.    8«v«nl  Hm  abovt  Hm 
tint  hung  by  order  of  th«  mmttim  ptoplt.        ;  ""^ 
19  ^ 


.*    M 


i'.y?5T*r-"''i'i'ii.liii!.ii., 


dia 


MESfoift  or 


with  sbnrie  of  (hem  at  Albany.  I  hope  in  a  few 
dayg  to  be  able  to  pay  iny  rerperts  to  a  man,  for 
whofc  republican  character,  and  imjiortantaervices, 
I  have  the,  highest  veneration  and  etleem. 

I  am  Mr,  / 

^  very  reepectfullv,  ' 

^'  „  ETHAN  ALLEN. 

How.  Gew.  Stake. 


THE  AII8WER. 

Jilbany  June  20^  ni^. 

Dear  Sir,  . 

Your  favor  of  tl.^  18th  inst.  has-  just  arrived 
wherein  you  proniiee  me  a  visit— You  may  be  as- 
•ured,  I  shall  be  very  happy  in  receiving  one,  from 
a  man  where  fame  has  been  eo  extensive,  and  whom 
I  never  yet  had  the  pleasure  of  seeing. 

As  for  the  political  matters  you  have  in.  hand,  I 
cordially  agree  with  you  in  sentiment.  You  may 
rely  upon  my  coopjjrating  with  you  in  all  measure! 
which  may  be  necessary,  for  purging  the  land  of 
freedom  from  such  most  infamous  and  diabolical 
Tillains. 

As  to  Bedel's  regiment,  if  any  iniquity  has  been 

Sractifed  upon  the  public,  I  hope  in  a  few  days  to 
iscover  it.  I  shall  he  obliged  to  vou  for  usins 
your  best  endeavours  to  ascertain  their  number,  em- 
ployment, &c.  8lc. 

^  Please  accept  my  best  wishes  for  your  sueceuand 
happy  settlement  of  the  business  now  on  hand. 
1  am  sir, 

your  friend  and, 
humble  le^yanl. 

Col.  Etbah  AixKii. 


JOHN  8TABK. 


I  ','rt  : 


-^:. 


i.iy'iife, 


:.:>^'" 


*   J^       i"    '^  *^^     . 


OBNERALXSTARr. 


2t$ 


VIW  UAlj^PSHIRE  RESOLVE!  IN  FAVOR  OP     THEIR 
OWN  LINE. 

State  of  JSTew-Hctmpshirli.     In  the  Hnise  of  Repre$en- 

tativet. 

December  iiy  1779. 

.The  Committee  ^o  confer  with  a  committee  of  of- 
ficers  from  the  arn»y,TespeCting  the  reinlistment  of 
44ur  contiiicritui  troops,  and  the  ullovvauce  which 
shall  be  made  for  the  depreciation,  tatlie  officersand 
soldiers  who  have  served  in  the  continental  battal- 
lions  belonging  to  this  state — 

Report  that  a  bounty  of  $  300,  in  addition  to  the 
encouragement  allowed  l)y  Congress,  be  paid i^ each 
non-commi:38ioned  officer  and  soldier,  who  shall 
enlist  as  one  of  the  State's  qaota,  of  the  continen- 
tal army,  during  the  present  war.  'Ami  that  eaqh 
oflScerand  soldier  shall  be  entlittedto  alt  the  emolu- 
ments promised  by  a  resolutiohof  the  state,  passed 
the  2Sth  day  of  in:irch  last;  .that  their  accojimts 
shall  be  settled  yearly;  and  the  respective  balances 
paid  or  security  j^iven  therefor;  that  the  pollsof  such 
officers  and  sbldiers,  shall  be  exempted  from  all 
kind  of  taxei  whatever;  and  their  estates  both  real 
and  personal  shall  be  exempted  dnrin;  their  contin> 
uance  in  said  servics,  from  all  town  taxes  levied  for 
the  purpose  of  raising  troops.  The  committee  beg 
leave  farther  to  report  that  all  officers  and  soldiers 
who  are  considered  as  paid  of  the  State's  quota  of  * 
(he  continental  army,  shall  be  allowed  for  the  depre- 
ciation of  money,  in  the  rates  of  two  for  one  for  the 
year  1775;  six  for  one  for -^1778;  and  t^venty  for  one 
for  1779;  and  arrearages  which  shall  be  found-due 
on  the  adjustment  of  the  accounts  up  to  the  first  of 
January  178Cf,  shall  be  paid  by  the  first  of  March 
next,  or  security  given  therefor. 

The  committee  beg  leave  to  recommend  that  some 
provisioo  be  made  for  the  widows  and  orphaui  of 


\ 


^l^jE^Ujife 


r4.-~ 


.    .-  '        %    ■  ».    .«Bv.#    -^-•^l.'f.'* 


^>'^^Wi^4^^J^Mi^'^ 


^sjpwwx^ssww"^*-; 


)3'*^^J''SJ_',  -"P.' 


220 


MBMOIK  or 


such  officers  and  soldiers,  as  have  died  or  shall  die  in 
the  Service  of  this  state,  which  is  respectfully  sub- 
mitted by 

JOSEPH  BARTLETT. 

For  the  CommiUee. 
The  foregoing  being  read  and  considered,  voted 
that  the  same  be  received  and  accepted. 
Sent  up  for  concurrence, 

J.  LANGDON,  Speaker. 
In  committee  the  same  day  read  and  concurred, 

E.  THOMPSON,  Secretary. 


RESOLUTION  OF  THE  PATRIOTIC  STATE  OP  NEW-VORR 
VESTING  IMPORTANT  POWERS  IN  THE  COMMANDER 
IN  CHIEF. 

State  of  JSTevj-York,  in  Senate. 

October  10,  1^780. 
A  message  from  the  Hon.  the  House  of  Assiimblr, 
was  received  with  the  following  resolution  for  con- 
currence.   VIZ,  "Resolved  unanimously   tHKt  the 
delegates  from  this  State  be  instructed  to  declare  in 
Congress;  that  it  is  the  earnest  wish  of  thik  State, 
that  Congross  should  during  the  war,  or  until  a  per- 
pelual  confederation  should  be  completed,  exercise 
every  power  which  they  may  deem  necessary,   for 
'aneifettual  prosecution  of  the  war;  and  that  when- 
ever it  shall  appear,  that  any  State  is  deficient  in 
furnishing  the  quota  of  men,  money,  provisions  or 
other^iipplies  required  of  each  State,  that  Congr^i 
direct  the  Commander  in  Chief  without  delay,   to 
march  the  army  or  such  part  of  it*  as  may  be  re- 
quisite, into  such  State,  and  by  a  military  force, 
compel  it  to  furnish  its  deficiency. 

Resolved,  that  his  Excellency  the  Governor  be  re- 
quested to  transmit  a  copy  of  the  foregoing  resolu- 


»^— ..^o. 


,..^, 


-^^,.   >-.,s-' 


'■f.^***' 


•BIIKRAL  STA.1K. 


2S1 


tion  to  the  delegates  from  this  State  in  Congress; — 
Resolved  that  this  Senate  do  concur  with  the  Hbn- 
orable  the  House  of  Assembly  in  their  said  resolu- 
tion. 

Extract  from  the  minvtea, 
I  ROBERT  BENSON,  CUrk, 


MEMORIALS    TO    CONGRESS    rOUKD    AMONG    GENERAL 
stark's  FAPCIRS.  . 

In  July  1780,  the  General  Officers  of  the  old  army 
addressed  the  first  of  the  following  memorials  to 
Congress; — ^which  not  being  noticeclby  that  body, 
they  addressed  a  second  to  the  Legislatures  of  their 
several  State's  setting  forth  in  strong  and  glowing 
colors  their  wrongs  and  sufferings;  and  represent- 
ing in  forcible  terms,  the  fatal  consequences  which 
would  follow,  a  further  denial  of  their  just  and  ne- 
cessary demands. 

To  the  Honorable  the  Represeraatives  oj  the  freemen  of 
America^  in  Cof^ess  assemhkd. 

The  memorial  of  the  subscribers,  G^eneral  Officers 
in  the  army  of  the  United  States,  in  behalf  of  them- 
selves,^ and  the  officers  and  soldiers  of  the  army 
humbly  sheweth: 

That  on  the of last,  they  did  lay  be- 
fore Cbngress  a  representation  of  the  grievances  un- 
der whicE<  they  labored,,  couched  in  terms  decent 
and  respectful,  praying  redress;  that  to  their  infi- 
nite mortification,  although  their  grievances  have 
continued  to  increase,  no  redress  has  been  granted 
them,  nor  any  notice  taken  of  their  complaints: 
\         19* 


Wm^^f^^^wm 


IPB^fw-^r^T^'^'K  '^■^'^^^^^T^viitmm^mw^W^^ 


Mi 


MEMOIR   or 


They  conceive  it  to  be  not  merely  a  rigirt,  bat 
their  duty  to  state  to  Congress,  not  only  their  own 
sufferings,  but  those  of  the  officers  and  -soldiers  un- 
der their  command;  and  they  assure  Conirress  that 
from  a  variety  of  x^ircumstances,  b,,t  chiefly  the  de- 
preciation  of  paper  money,  aod  the  restrictions  in 
regard  to  rations,  for  which,   no  adequate  remedv 
has  been  provided,   their  situation  has  become  ii 
tolerable:^  ^ 

That  the  army  have  ^ive^such  unequivocal  proof 
of  their  patriotism,  and"^  self  denial,  as   to  entitle 
Uiem  to  the  generous  rewards  of  a  gi^ateful  people, 
lliey  now  request  only  that  justice,  which  their  sit- 
uafion,  and  thut  to  which  many  «f  them  have  redu- 
ced their  families,  so  imperious^ claim. 
.       That  to  this  end,   the  depre|l?tion  of  the  paper" 
puglit  immediately  to  be  settled;  JiiM  paid  off,  iithcr 
in  specie,  or  paper,  at  the  currefit   exchange.     But 
if  from  the  State  of  the  Treasury, 'this  cour^  should 
be  inconvenient,  loan  office    certificates  redeemable 
at  a  s.iort  period,  and  bearing  the  common  interest 
should  be  issued;  and  that  the  armv  in  future,  ouirht 
to  receive  theii^  pay  at  the  real   va'lue  of  currencv 
when  established  j^X  also,  that  all  officers  be  al- 
lowed  to  draw  th*^'hoIe  number.,  of  rations,  to 
w lucli  they  ^yere  originally  entitled,  or  be  paid  the 
full  value  of  siich  as  may  be  retained  in  the  hands 
of  the  commissary— that  the  deplorable  situation 
to  which  have  been  reduced  in  many  instances,  the 
families  of  the  men,  who  have  nobly  sacrificed  their 
Jives  in  defence   of  their  country's  liberty,  loudly 
demands  an  immediate  remedy. 

An  enlightened  people  contending  for  the  noblest 
riglits  of  humanity,  cannot  a  moment  hesitate,  to 
eheerthe  hearts  of  the  desponding  widows  and 
fatherless  children,  of  those  brave  men  who  have 
died  in  their  cause.  It  may  also  be  observed,  that  a 
full  confidence  in  the  justice  of  their  country,  in 


^:lL^., 


itsaw  JK;^.-r«.T 


-'•-''•'•^^mm 


;?»; 


y  a  rigl>t,  bat 
only  their  own 
nd  -  soldiers  un-' 
:  ConjB;re88  that 
;  chieAy  the  de> 
restrictions  la 
Icqiiate  remedy 
has  become  ia> 

:Hiui  vocal  proof 
as  to  entitle 
^Hteful  people, 
vhich  their  sit- 
icin  have  reda- 
im. 

of  the  paper*^ 
aid  off,  either 
(change.  But 
I  course  should 
tes  redeemable 
mmon  interest 
1  future,  ought 
!  of  curreocy 

officers  be  al> 
:>f  rations,  to 
»r  be  paid  the 

in  the  hands 
able  situation 
instances,  the 
icrificisd  their 
berty,  loudly 

»r  the  noblest 
hesitate,  to 
widows  and 
\n  who  have 
erved,  that  a. 
r  country,  in 


flENEftlL   STARK. 

i 


its 


making  suitable  provision  for  the  famili«rof  deceas- 
ed officers  and  soldiers,  would   be  un  fiil  powerful 
txcitement,  to  the  exertions  of  all   ranks  isS  th«^ 
army. 

Your  memorialists  bejj  leave  farther  lo  reni|e8ent, 
that  besides  tlieir  complaint  in  common  witli Ttheir 
fellow  soldiers,  their  establishment  as  General  Offi- 
cers, is  unequal  to  their  station,  the  honor  of  their 
country,  and  the  good  of  the  service.  They  therefore 
request,  that  in  addition  to  the  rations  they  are  en- 
titled to  receive,  a  sum  may  be  allowed  to  each  Gen- 
eral Officer,  to  enable  him  to  support  a  table  suita- 
ble io  the  rank  he  holds.  Tliis,  they  consider  rea> 
sonabic  under  circumstances;  but  more  especially  lo 
atpi'esent,  as  they  may  soon  be  called  upon  to  act 
in  concert  with  troops  liberally  paid  in  specie,  which 
by 'giving  them  a  complete  command  of  all  the  pro- 
duce of  the  country,  will  constantly  present  a  disa- 
greeable contrast,  and  render  our  situation  already 
sufficiently  irksome,  altogether  insujiportable. 

That  they  beg  leave  in  the  name  of  the  army,  to 
offer  Congress  tlie  strongest  assurances  of  their  lov« 
pf  country,  and  zeal  in  the  common  cause;  but  art 
Ci)i$||r»ined  to  remark,  that  to  these  objects,  they 
have  for  years  sacrificed,  their  time,  tjieir  health, 
and  their  /brtunes.  If  then  from  inattention  of  the 
Rejpresentativcs  of  the  people,  to  these  just  com- 
piamts,  combined  with  those  presented  last  year, 
(to  which  they  beg  leave  to  refer,)  the  army,  ex- 
posed as  they  are,  to  the  rapacity  of  every  other 
claps  of  the  community,  should  be  obliged  to  quit 
the  service,  and  any  ill  consequences  arise  to  their 
eountry,  they  leave  it  to  the  world  to  det^inine, 
who  ought  to  be  responsible  for  them. 

The  distress  of  the  army  is  so  great,  and  their 
claims  for  immediate  redreas  so  urgent,  that  your 
loemorialists  are  induced  to  8«nd  this  representation 

/ 


:!' 


Hi   i 


41 


] 


: 


•  I 


.1 


H 


'4 

.  4) 
■  I 


r>\  •  ■»: 


■>^ 


y^^',:^.=J 


.■■:7 


MBiioii  or 


by  a  Generaj  Officer,  who  will  furnish- any  eiplaiia. 
tion  required  by  Congress.  *^ 

Signed  by  the  General  Officen  of  the  army. 

July,  1780. 


,       MEMORIAL  TO  THE    SEVERAL  ITEWENOLAKD   STATES. 

We  the  underwritten  GenerM  Officers  of  the  Now- 
England  lines,  Seem  it  our  duty  to  unite  in  a  seri- 
ous  address,  to  the  several  States  to  which  w«  be 
long,  to  represent  the  distressing  condition  of  thSr 
officers,  in  tho  army  o^the  United  States. 

After  haying  joined  iftur  brother  officers  of  the 
line  at  large,  in  two  ineffectual  appKcations  td  Con- 
grelis  upon  the  subject,  nothing  but  the  purest  re- 
gard  for  the.safety  of  the  country,  could  impel  ui 
to  undertake  a  third  essay  of  th6  kind. 

We  beg  leave  to  premise,  that  a  large  propor- 
tion of  tfie  officers  engaged  in  service,  witlTan  in- 
tention  of  making  one  campaign  only— neither  thev 
nor  their  country  thought^?  thei/  becoming  .o^! 

t^^Z^;t  '^^r''  ^°"»  ^*'-  '^^«^'  weMnation, 
const  tutions,  and  circumstances,  forbade  such  ex- 
pectations ;  but  from  a  conviction,  that  their  irrow- 
mg  experience  was  of  the  utmost  importance  to  the 
cause,  they  have  been  induced,  in  oppositiopTo  ev- 
ery private  consideration,  to  extend  their  services 
from  one  period,  to  aaother,  constantly  flatterinir 

I'SJt^K^S**^  *>«^r'  thievery  ne^c^S 
would  be  the  last ;  and  bring  about  the  long  wished 
for  period,  of  their  return  to^the  bosom  of  thdr 
families  and  friends.  The  perseverance,  and  con' 
stimcy  of  the  army  under  their  numerous  hardships, 
and  jprivations,  excited  the  admiraUon  and  appIaSe 
of  their  countiy,  until  the  personal,  and  fomlfy  dis- 
tresses  of  the  officers  and  sofdiers,  constrained  them^ 


"i\ 


■r.' " 


OLAITD   8TATC9. 


aSNERAL,   fTAEK. 


,1  •■  ■ 


325 


to  remind  their  follow  citizens  of  their  wanti,  and 
the  necessity  on  their  part,  of  an  equitable  and 
grateful  return.  From  that  time,  many  (not  those 
who  have  met  the  enemy  in  the  field)  have  pretend- 
ed to  entertain  an  ill  grounded  and  impolitic  jealousy 
of  the  army.  The  officers  have  been  charged  with 
acquiring  wealth,  and  aspiring  after  honours,  and 
distinctions;  and  that  too,  at  a  time,  when  it  has  re- 
quired all  the  persUa^on  within  the  conijiass  of  Ian; 
guage  and  arguhient,  to  retain  them  in  the  service. 

A  laudable  pride,  arising  from  a  just  sense  of  the 
real  dignity  ^of  their  stetion  and  employment,  an 
.  ambition  of  «xoelling,  which  has  been  esteemed  by" 
all  wise  nations,  as  a  passion  amiable  in  itself,  and 
an  essential  support  to  that  authority,  necessary  for 
the  government  of  every  well  constituted  army, 
have  rendered  the  officers  of  our  army,  opprobri- 
ous to  too  many  in  civil  life,  some  of  whom,  and 
even  those  of  power  and  influence,  have  laliburedto 
counteract  and  debase  the  principle,  by  denying  the 
officers,  not  only,  a  suitable  provision  to  maintain' 
th^ir  character  as  such,  -but  by  suffering  them  to  be 
'  in  want' of  the  necessariies  of  food  and  clothing. 

The  officers  are  sensible  of  the  public  embarrass- 
n^ents.  They^ave  been  attentive  to  the  adminis- 
tration of  civil,  as  well  as  military  affairs,  ^d  for- 
ward in  suggesting  their  views  upon  every  proper 
occasion,,4vith  an  honest  zeal,  for  promotive  the 
welfare  of  the  array,  and  the  States.  They  ^^^t 
exfNBct  impossibilities  of  the  government  ;*  but  are 
desirous  of  experiencing  that  effusion  of  a  liberal 
heart,  which  it  is  possible  to  exhibit,  even  in  a  state 
of  poverty.  Generosity  is  the  characteristic  of  the 
soldier.  For  the  love  of  his  country,  he  exposes 
health  and  life ;  for  which,,  no  equivalent  can  be 
returned  him  ]  should  he  not  then,  be  spared  the 
mortification  of  receiving  his  scanty  pittance  from 
a  reluctant  hand  ? 


,„  I 


m 


'J. 


a  fK^fyie^M-klh 


r^'^'^'^^T^--**?'^?^:-''*'**.*:**''''*^'*'^^-"'"?''''** 


■VJf. '  \ 


.^n^^ij! 


M6 


HEMOIB  or 


The  present  incomes  of  a  majority  of  the  people 
Who  sustam  the  burthen  of  the  public  char<re3    are 
ptroportio'ied  to  the  increased  prites  of  the  necessa- 
ries  of  life. 

It  is  objected,  thnt  those  who  subsist  upon  fixed 
Mlaries,  up.»n  the  interest  of  their  money,  or  have 
been  injured  by  the  ravages  of  tlio  enemy,  share  as 
largely  as  the  army,  in  the  common  calamity  it 
argues  no  m,)re  than,  that  such  persons  ought  to  be 
(avoured  by  some  exemption,  or  that  those  who 
have  suffered  less,  should  contribute  to  their  in- 
demnity. 

Were  the  situation  and  circumstances  of  the  army 
fully  understood  by  the  ptjople  ai  large,  we  are  per- 
suaded their  wlsdofti  anil  sensibilities  would  be  ex- 
«rted,  to  render  the  situation  of  officers  and  soldiers 
as  eligible,  and  happy  as  possible. 

To  us,  the  war  appears  to  be  as  far  from  an  hon- 
orable  issue,  as  it  has  ever  been.  Our  allies  howcv- 
«r  generous  their  intentions,  lia\'e  not  been  able  to 
afford  us  the  expected  assistance;  and  perhaps, 
ITovidence  by  repeated  disappointments  from  that 
Jjuarter,  designs  to  convince  us,  that  our  salvation 
IS  under  God,  to  be  derived  from  our  own  exer- 
tions. 

There  is  no  ground  to  expect,  that  the  enemy 
will  relmquish  their  object,  until  they  find  tlie  couii- 
try  prepared  to  defend  itself :  tliat  is,  until  they 
are  opposetl  by  an  army  as  regular,  and  established 
upon  as  permanent  a  basis,  us  their  own.  Our  pros- 
ent  condition  promises  them  the  speedy  accomplish- 
ment  of  thejr  wishes. 

An  army,  conJtrting  of  a  few  inadequate  thon. 
sands,  almosti  destitute  of  every  public  supply,  its 
officers,  whoie  tables  once  abounded  with  plenty 
and  variety,  Subsisting  month  after  month,  opoo 
Jarely  one  ration  of  dry  bread  and  meat,  and  that, 
frequently  ^f  the  meanest  quality,  their  families 


'"•'•'- 


;>''iriniirni[nri  '_   m/'Aij,!,  i|.it'im.i,  B^^i^^m 


j^i.4  ^kM 


^sarj^- 


S'^  f^  T'^*^*"f*V 


SEIfBRAL    STAAK. 


22T 


y  of  the  people, 
>lic  charges,  arc 
»  of  the  necessa- 

>sist  upon  fixed 
Money,  or  have 
inemy,  share  as 
on  caiiiinity  it 
3ns  ought  to  be 
that  thojie  who 
te  to  their  in- 

iccsof  the  army 
rge,  we  are  per- 
is would  be  ex- 
ers  and  soldiers 

r  from  an  hon- 
ir  allies  howcv- 
[)t  been  able  to 
;  and  perhaps, 
cuts  from  that 
;  our  salvation 
our  own  exer- 

at  the  enemy 
''  find  the  coun- 
is,  until  they 
nd  established 
rn.  Our  pres- 
ly  accomplish* 

dequate  thon. 
lie  supply,  its 
I  with  plenty 
month,  apoD 
leat,  and  that, 
their  families 


looking  to  them  for  their  usual  support,  and  their 
children  for  that  education  to  which  they  once  had 
a  title :  all  these  things  have  a  certain  and  direct 
tendency  to  nccomjilii-li  the  object  so  desirable  to  th» 
British  miniitry.  Our  enemies, know  Tiuman  na- 
ture too  well,  to  apprehend  they  shall  long  be  com- 
pelled to  contend  with  an  army,  under  such  circum> 
stances. 

,  In  faithfulness  to  oiir  country,  we  make  these 
■latements  without  the  solicitation,  or  knowlcdjEe  of 
those  officers,  who  are  chiefly  intercs(e<l.  We  are 
assured,  that  they  have  determined  generally,  tore* 
sign  their  commissions  at  the  close  of  this  campaign- 
Indeed,  it  is  absolutely  iniposjibie  for  them  longer 
to  continue  under  such  circumstances,  however 
great  may  be  their  virtue  and  patriotism  ;  and  we 
cannot  refrain  Irom  expressing  our  decided  opin- 
ion, that  the  lo$s  of  our  present  bodv  of  veteran 
officers,  will  prove  the  dissolution  of  the  army. 

If  the  country  is  competent  to  its  defence  without 
a  regular  army,  nothing  further  need  be  said  upon 
the  subject  ;  ours  may  be  suffered  to  progress  as  it 
now  does,  to  final  dim)lution.  But  if  on  the  other 
hand,  a  well  ap|iointed  army  is  absolutely  necessa- 
ry, its  component  materials  should  lie  made  easy 
and  contented  with  (heir  situation  ;  and  reasonable 
things  will  satisfy  (hem. 

The  ofiicers  have  we  conceive,  a  just  claim  to  a 
handsome  support,  according  to  their  rank,  for  the 
time  present,  and  to  be  made  sure  of  an  after  jirovif- 
ion,  to  compensa(c  for  the  loss  of  business,  and  ena- 
ble them  when  (he  war  is  over,  \o  live  among  their 
fellow  citizens  above  contempt. 

Without  a  provision  of  this  kind,  a  pitiful  penu- 
ry,if  not  actual  want  and  misery,  mmt  be  the  wn*- 
,  voidable  portion,  of  many  brave  men  who  hav« 
faithfully  discharged  their  cluly  ai  officers  and  citi- 


^S 


I' 

b 


'u 


li 


•i 


*'  "^'^^^ 


428 


UEMOIR   OF 


The  wages  and  rations  of  the  officers  if  paid  in 
s|)ecie,  (much  less  in  notes)  are  bv  no  means  sutB- 
went  to  support  them  with  decenc'y  and  comfort  to 
themselves,  and  advantage  to  the  service.  The  ne- 
cessaries of  life  have  risen  to  three  times  their  for. 
mer  prices,  ih  specie ;  and  as  for  the  depreciation 
notes,  (so  called)  they  do  not  sell  for  ane  third  of 
thtir  nominal  value. 

It  is  our  opinion  that  nothing  short  of  the  foil 
amount  of  the  wages  and  rations  made  good  from 
time  to  time  in  its  relative  value  to  the  property 
of  the  country,  will,  or  ought  to  be  satisfactory: 
this  has  been  allowed  to  the  New-York  line;  and  add 
to  a  future  provision,  we  ask  no  more  than  what  the 
last  mentioned  State,  and  the  southern  States  have 
done,  or  may  do,  for  their  respective  lines,  servinir 
in  the  same  army  with  ours.       '  '* 

If  it  should  be  thought  best  to  vary  the  mode  of 
payment,  there  will  be  no  objection  on  our  part. 

A  sum  in  gros?  will  be  more  agreeable  and  ad- 
vantageous  to  the  eastern  officers,  and  more  conso- 
nant  with  the  sentiments  prevailing  in  their  several 
States  than  an  annuity  unaccompanied  with  services 
Here  we  would  take  occasion  to  mention,  that 
some  States  appear  to  be  taking  measureslp  attach  to 
themselves,  the  affection  of  their  own  trSops  ;  with 
what  views,  we  are  ignorant ;  but  should  suppose, 
that  similar  motives  for  the  same  line  of  conduct, 
must  exist  m  every  State.  ' 

We  beg  leave  to  add,  as  a  measure  of  propriety 
and  justice,  that  a  reasonable  consideration  oucht  to 
I)e  paid  to  all  officers,  who  through  ill  healtMhall 


m 


'• ''  "■totlfll.riVi 


i-.-<«?^j,     , 


^tEKBSAI.  ITAEK. 


tst 


»  I^wmpellcdto  fetiwfirom  jervice  before  the  con- 
I    eliuion  of  the  war. 

Signed,        >     "V;!;.--  V  :'/  ..eWl,\".:,v. 
N.  Gwtir,  Maj.  General.         ^ 

.  , . .  .   Samuel  H.  PERsoNt,  Brif.  Q^r 
JoHW  Pattersok,  Brig.  Gen.    1  ^, 
Joiur  Glover,  Brig  Getu  - >, 

John  Stark,  Brig.  Gen. 
,  J.  HuNTiNaToir,  Brig.  Gen. 


H.  Kwoi,  Bitig.  Gen.  Artillery. 


The  following  correspondence  between  Gen. 
3lvk  and  Gen.  Sullivan,  then,  a  member  of  Con- 
gren,  and  a  strennona  supporter  of  the  righto  of  the 
lirmy,  relates  to  the  result  of  the  jforegoing  memori- 
>b.  Cong^esi  granted  the  officers  hfif  pay  for  life 
and  made  more  satisfaetory  provisions  for  their  ^up- 
^Ort  while  in  a«taal  servi<;e.       ^ 


::%' 


ilUE  Sl»,    ^      -     ^^'v^  '^" 

Tp**"'^**'*  "^.  *^*^«^«nce  of  my  country,  ha* 

#  wBg^hy  so  far  iqipaired  my  coiistitution,  as  to 
itoder  it  necessary,  that  the  remainder  of  my  days 
iiiotdd  be  spent  in  domestic  retirement. 

.But  Sir  knowing  you  to  be  iny  confidential  friend, 

•  friend  to  the  rights  of  the  army^  and  to  justice  at 
.lu-ge,  I  think  I  may  more  properly  apply  to  you 
for  advioe,  than  to  any  other<  iban,  within  the  cirvk 
•f  my  acquaintance.  Tour  conduct,  and  the  lale 
Ujberality  of  Congress  hare  induced  the  army  to 
Miere  that,. although  their  friends  are  still  in  the 
nmiority,  their  exertions  are  unwearied,  and  their 
mmee  duly  inereasingin  thegrand  LuniUttufe  of 
JUMrica.    Tdo-may  rest  assured,  that  toe  offlcera 


.  M 


t 


.  (f  la 


J 


A 


l4- 


£^4^>JJH     MliLi^ 


;»,•»' 


S30 


MEMOift  or 


fi) 


V 


f(»- 


ft  I 
the  arunr  are  not  backward  in  pronouncing  ihe  eu- 
logiuiff^of  those  illustrioua  patriots,  to  whose  e»- 
tertions^^iey  consider  themselves  indebted,  for  that 
reward  tq  which,  their  long  and  faithful  servtcet 
have  GO  justly  entitled  them.*      V  C  ^, 

Notwithstanding  this  generous  treatment  of  t1i« 
regimental  officers,  those  of  superior  rank  are  still 
forgotten,  prVather,  let  us  suppose  that  Congress  is 
now  making  such  arrangements,  and  future  provis- 
ions for  those,  whose^  health  ^ill  not  permit  them 
to  remain  unl>l  the  CQndusioBbf  hostOiti^,  as  will 
,do  honour  to  that  body  and  to  their  country  j  and 
evince  4o  the  world,  how  highly  they  value  the 
merits  of  those  officers  who  have  thus  far,  conduct- 
ed their  armies. 

For  my  own  part,  should  any  provisioii  be  made 
suitable  to  my  rank,  or  should  I  be  under  the  neces- 
sity of  retiring  withbut  that  provision,  my  life  and 
services  shAll  always  be  in  readiness  to  answer  my 
.country»s  call ;  and  wheneveit^tke  wishes  of  my  fel- 
low citizens,  or  the  exigencies  of  the  public  require 
me  to  take  the  field  Jpr  short  periods,  I  shall  cheer- 
fully  exert  my  influence  to  encoMrage,  and  by  per- 
•onal  hazards  endeavour  to  stimulate  my  country- 
men, to  actions  worthy  of  freebom  Ameiicana 
These  services  my  shattered  constitution  will  y« 
])ermit  me  to  penorm. 

;  I  cannot  thmk^  of  resigning  at  this  hour,  espe- 
cially after  having  been  induced  to  continue  in  ser- 
vice by  no  other  motive,  than  an  ardent  zeal  for  my 
country,  hoping  jthat  evtty  new  campaign  would 
prove  the  last,  until  I  am  in  a  manner  unable  to  Iteve 

The  conclusion  of  the  war  appean  i^ltogether  un- 
•ertaiii,>and  my  health  ^strongly  iirg«i  me  to  reliie 

•The  OaiMnl  obtaiB«d  Imv*  of  ftbMbM  and  ntvnmi  hem ; 
,  h«  rtwvMvd  hia  hialth,  f  ad  is  the  ■ptinf  i^pda  took  tht  field. 


if  !   »■ 


Jl^Ui^^'^rA' 


'n 


nouncine  the  eu- 
)t8,  to  n^ose  esr 
ndebted,  for  that 
faithful  secvice* 

treatmeat  of  ihc 
>r  rank  ttre  stiil 
that  Congress  |b 
id  future  provis* 
ibt  permit  them 
lostiliti^,  as  will 
r  country  ;  and 
they  value  the 
lus  fi^r,  conduct- 

9?ision  be  aiade 
under  the  neces- 
ion,'my  life  and 
i  to  answer  my 
wiihes  of  my  fel- 
ie  public  requhv 
Is,  I  shall  cheer- 
ige,and  byper-N 
te  my  country- 
>om  AmencansL 
itution  win  yet 

this  hour,  etpe- 
continue  in  aer- 
dent  zeal  for  my 
ampaiffti  would 
r  unable  to  teare 

"s  altogether  ub- 
gesmeto  retift 

ad  ntanwd  hooM  i 
ItiateoktlMMi. 


OaifBRAL    8TAKK. 


SSI 


for  a  time  at  least,  to  my  farm  now  in  a  ruinous 
state,  for  want  of  pj/oper  management  and  cnltiya- 
tion,  during  mv  long  engagements  in  the  service  of 
my  country  ;  for  that  difficulty  a  remedy  may  be 
provided,  but  thejdecays  of  nature  are  irreparable. 
^  I  will  not  further  trouble  your  patience  at  this 
time,  but  re^^e  further  particul&rs  for  the  sub- 
ject of  a  fu^e  letter,  fully  convinced  that  you  will 
compreheffd  nay  meaning,  from  whiat  has  alreadv 
been  said.  *      ,  '       ^ 

T  hare  the  honor  to  be  Sir, 

^        very  respectfully, 
*  Your  friend  and  serv't. 

,      .  '       JOHN  STARK. 

'   Maj.  Gen.  Sullivan, 

now  member  of  the  Continental  Congress. 

^  "  )  PA»farf«/pAui,  JVbi>.  26,  1780. 

Dear  Sir,      (- 

I  am  favoured  with  your  letter  of  the  13th  in- 
itant,  and  am/sorry  for  the  decline  of  your  health. 

I  am  happy  to  [earn  that  the  late  allowances  to 
the  army,  are  so  pleasing  and  in  a^iiring  you,  that 
the  tide  fias  turned  and  now  sets  strongly  in  their 
favour.  -Xwiskit  rtiay  continde. 

The  iiUowance  of  halfpav  is  undoubtedly  extend- 
ed to  General,  as  well  as  other  officers  ;  but  no  pro- 
vision ill  yet  made,  for  those  vhose  ill  health  com- 
pds  them  to  retire.  My  advii^e  to  you^  is  that  you 
iend  a  request  to  Congress,  fo  r  leave  to  retire  for 
R  short  time  for  the  recovery  of  your  health, 
which  I  will  take  care  shall  an  iwer  every  purpose. 
In  it  you  will  please  to  men  ion,  that  whenever 


i-y*"^j,^ 


m 


»A 


^^^^^■''^^^^l^ 


"^ti 


■   7.  '»*■'  IT".:  -'i^^'h 


p  • 


,,  SI2  MEIfOIK     OF 

To  "he^fifld*  ^'^^  '*^'^""'  ^**"  ^*"  cheerfully  ^tum 
I  Jim,  bear  Sir,  „  -I 

'^  !,     '  *  your  assured  friend,  ^  ^ 

and  mo«t  obedient  servant, 

H      /i^    a  JOHN  SULLIVAN. 

How.  Gek.  Stark.    .  . 

"...        .  .       -    '    A.     <        .         ■"..;. 
*0   OEK.    SULUVAN.        ^ 

DeakS^e;     •     ^  \  Z>ec«n4er  10,  1780.  . 

Youpfavbr  of  86th  ult.  was,  delivered  last  eve- 

clo^d  a  letter  to  the  President  of  Congrcig,  wbSi 
yoii  will  besogood  as  to  deliver;  ^  *~T^ 
I  am  sorry  toac^u^int  you  that' flie  army  is  at 
pment,ma<condition  truly  deplorable;  they  are 
destitute  of  money,  have  no  clothing,  and  as  I 
crowning  ^ercy,  have  not  even  the  prospect  or 
promise  of  redress  or  supplies.      ^         *-     i^  *  "<- 

..,iTH''**®^"«**T  «iWation,yo«  dm  withoui  diffi, 

xulty  Wine  what  our  feelings  are:    I  cannot  but 

;  remark,tSa^  it  is  lay,  candid  Opinion,  that  unS. 

S!S^  n»«"iresare  taken^to  pay.  off  the  army,  the 

h?ntinf*^'.  "*•"'*  ^>WoSr  totheStatS.  A 
hint  tathe  wise  IS  sufficient.  The  army  ap,,rehend 
less  danger  from  4he  sword  of  thepnemJ,  tVanfr^ 
theuigratitude  of  their  Governmont.*  ?     ^ 

The  letter  to  the  President  is  open  for  yourpcru, 
«al,  If  youthiAk  proper.  Please  deliver^ it  in  th« 
customary  manner,  upon  suel^  occasions. 

Maj.or  ScQtt  has  by  accident  lost  his  commissioi^  j 

^;The«.n|t  h.r  prora4  that  „  tppr,I««,ioi  wm  ^sm  Ut«|  ^ 


— --^.♦•.-^.^l 


!f«p;  '   -Iri^y  ' 


%'.i^fi 


GEIIBRAL   STAKK, 


»BS 


cheerfully  ^um     I    the  enclosed  letter  is  to  the  hoard  of  waJ-  for  4  new 

«ne,  which  you  will  oblige  me  by  forwarding. 
I  ain,  dear  Sir,  - 

very  respectfully, 

your  obeHient  servant, 

.»x       »*      ^       c  JOHN  STARK. 

Hon.  Ma.j.  Gen.  Sullivanj- 

Member  of  Cgngress, 


\     % 


tfterlO,  178a.  , 


iQirwiWerlMtte* 


D«Aii  Sir, 

Since  I  wrote  you,  I  have  obtained  the  two  en- 
closed resolutions.     The  first  gives  to^ihe  lip*  of 
wch  State,  the  journals  of  Congress.     The  second 
must  reinove  nil  doiibt  respecting  haUf  pay  for  Gen- 
eral Officers.  . 
^  I  am  at  a  loss,  what -to  do  respecting  «ich  of  the 
General  Officers,  as  may  by  ill  health,  or  other  mis- 
fortune, be  rendered  unfit  for  service,  and  compel, 
led  to  retire.    la  Europe,  General  Officers  are  nev- 
er reduced  to  half  pay  :  n^hen  age  and  infirmity,  or  - 
other  misfortune  rebdcrs  theml  unfit  for  6ervice,thev 
have  leave  to  retir*,  but  their  pay  cohtinues.    ff 
If  they  recover  so  far  as  to.be  able  \p  take  the  field, 
or  command  in  Garrison,  they  are  again  called 
forth,  or  placed  at  the  head  of  some  board,  or  are 
made  Governors  of  some  Island,  Colony,  or  Garri^^ 
son.    I  wish  you  to  consult  the  General  Officers 
near  you  and  ti^their  opinion  ;  inform  me  what 
thev  would  wisfi^  to  have  done  in  the  case  and  I 
.will  attend  to  it ;  and  I  beg  of  you  and  them,  to 
keep  the  whole  a  secret.           .    ^ 
,  ^         I  am,  with  much  esteeni, 
%t               dear  Sir,  your  most              /  \ 
I                   ^     obedient  servant, 
' '  „       ^       „                 :  JOHN  SULLtVAN. 
.  Hoir.  Gem.  Stark. 


V 


J      - 


k,Si^ 


%:'; 


tH 


MEMOIR  or 


Gen.  Heath's  direction  for  th«S  grand  forage  to  mask 
VVashington's  attempt  on  Staten  hlund. 


RK. 


Sir, 


To  Brio.  Gen. 


Head  Quarters,  mst-Point,  Mw.  J  9,  1780. 


Having  thought  it   expedient  to   msjikea  grand' 
forage   in  the  cotmty  of  West  Chester,  between  our 
lm(?s  and  those  of  the  enemy,  to  secure  to  ourselves, 
and  prevent  falling  into  the  hands  of  tlie  enemy,  the 
beef  cattle,  grain,  and  hay,  with  which  that  country 
abounds,  I  have  made  the  following  disposition  for 
,  that  purpose.    The  five  companies  which  marched 
this  day  are  directed  to  imprest  the  teams  of  the 
adjacent  country,  which  amount  to  200  ;  and   will 
rendezvous  at  certain  places,  appointed  by  assistant 
Quarter  Maslfer  Campbell.     Tl^  five  companies  are 
to  keep  with  the  teams  during  the  forage  within 
the  chain  of  covering  ti»oop8,  to  preserve  order  and 
protect  the  foragers  from  being  interrupted  by  refu- 
gees, and  cowboys.     In  which^  you  will  particular- 
ly instruct  then^ 

The  troops  ddstined  {p  cover  the  foragers,  will 
consist  of  a  detalchment  n-on^iis  post,  thrown  in- 
to  three  commands.  The  troops  of  the  Jersey  and 
New  York  line",  to  Ife  commanded  by  Col.  ShVeve  • 
those  of  vour  brigade,  of  Michael  Jackson^s  and 
Col.  Bradley's  detachments,  4>y  Col.  Commandant 
Henry  Jackson  ;  those  of  laie  Poor's  Brigade  will . 
act  under  Colonel  Commandant  Cilley ;  and  a  de- 
tachment of  artillery  with  three  small  field  piec**,. 
^  will  be  commanded  by  Capi.  Thomas. 

The  country  proposed  foiHlje  forage,  lies  in  th« 
rear  of  Dobb's  Perry,  White  Plains,  and  the  south- 
erly parts  of  Mar  oneck.  <  .      V 

The  troops  are  to  march  on  Tuesday  morning 
next ;  those  at  West  Point  will  cross  over  as  e^rly 


II 


* 


a-v. 


!"•"  ■      ^  ^S' V  s^iiv  ♦ 


!?P^*f^f^ 


/ 

.       V 

^ 

• 

. 

■\ 

•                     • 

U  Sfci»        -iJt-  'Its  4idJ«^J5=I.iS 

^  ", 

J^. 

-  Ji   ' 

L-a. 

tmi^'^r^--'VPtf9Tmfv  *»" 

.ii»i|»,-rj-..- 

"f'A?WH= 

■■wtw     VH, 

•ElfBRAL  I  ST  ARK 


is$ 


Jat  poasible.  On  their  ^«Mlval  at  Mr.  Pcmsrts,  be- 
^lo|Br  the  Continental  viliagR,  they  will  be  joined  by 
'0v?  ,artil!ery,_and  three  waggons  with  twelve  caski 
pf  hard  bread,  some  rum  and  salt.  The  tumbrilc 
cpntain  besideit  the  ammunition  for  the  field  pieces, 
atiumber  of  musket  cartridges-  The  trbops  will 
'  from  thence,  continue  their  march  ;  those  under 
immediate  command  pf  Colonel  Shreve,  taking  th« 
load  to  Groten  new  bridge.  With  one  field  piece, 
tumbril,  and  waggon  of  bread  ,  the  other  taking  , 
the  road  to  Pine  bridge,  on  the  way  to  which,  tiiey 
will  be  joined  by  Capt.  Holnaes  with-  100  regulars 
and  militia.  The  march  of  the  troops  is  to  be  con- 
ducted, so  that  those  on  the  right  are  to  be  a  little 
I  below  Croten  bridge,  on  Wednesday  evening ;  hnd 
the  others  at  N?)i  th  Castle,  where  tlie  waggons  for 
each  of  the  roqtes  will  rendezvous  that  night  :  the 
column  at  North  Castle,  will  be  Joined  by  Col. 
Sheldon  with  the  2d  dragoons,  and  a  detachment 
of  infantsy  ;  one  third  of  the  former,  will  in  the 
afternoon  of  Wednesday,  join  the  cohunn  on  the 
right.  Col.  Shreve  will  take  the  nfccessary  pre- 
caution to  prevent  acci<lent8  through  mistake,  when 
they  approach  him.  This  detachment  of  dragoon* 
is  to  continue  with  the  right  column,  during  th« 
forage  ;  a  subaltern,  sergeant,  and  twenty  men  are 
to  be  left  at  each  bridge,  when  the  columns  pass,  to 
remain  there  with  pr9per  instructions,  whde  the 
.troops  remain  belom 

On  Thursday  nextuhe  23d  inst.  the  greatest  punc- 
tuality as  to  time  antKexactness  aa  to  movement  of 
the  several  columns,  id  to  be  observed,  be  the  weath- 
er what  it  may.  If  it  Vhould  be  deemed  expedient, 
at  Nor^h  Castle,  to  divide  the  troops  into  two  er 
more  columns,  it  may  be  done  ;  but  these,  as  well 
M  the  colunin  on  the  right,  are  to  be  at  the  place, 
where  the  chain  is  to  be  formed  between  one  and 
two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  the  said  day,the  lat- 

■1^4  ■■—  ■-  ■      ■  -    • 


■r 


\ 


til^M^xA 


__, — 


"Tf^-^i  .>'T(*-S'*«* 


.■^jfl 


S36 


MBMOIK  or 


-•c 


ter  hoarnot  to  be  exceeded,  and  the  progressof  the 
column  should  be  slower  or  faster  accordinglv. 

Part  of  the  horse  having  joined  the  riSit  col- 
umn, the  remainder  hre  toi  be  with  the  other  col- 
umn,  and  when  the  troops  take  up  their  line  of 
nwrch,  are  to  be  detached  in  front  with  small  par- 
tie^  of.  infantry  in  their  rear,  to  reconnoitre  the 
country.  When  the  troops  arrive  at  their  uround 
and  form  their  chain,  the  greatest  precaution  will 
be  necessary.  Patroles  of  horse  and  infantry,  are 
to  be  kept  at  proper  distances,  on  all  the  roads  and 
avenues  leading  to  the  enemy,  to  bring  the  earliest 
notice  of  his  movements. 

The  troops  willlay  upon  their  arms  at  night,  and 
It  may  be  advisable  to  make  movements  after  dark, 
to  deceive  the  eneinj'— no  fires  are  to  be  lighted 
during  the  night.     The  waggons  will  follow  the 
tr6ops  at  a  proper  distance,  and  when  the  chain  is 
lorined,  bcgJh  to  forage  and  collect  the  stock,  un- 
der  the  direction  of  those  appointed  for  tfie  purpose, 
who  are  te  be  supported  if^  necessary.     The  fora- 
gmg  18  to  be  executed  with  great  expedition,  and  as 
the  teams  are  loaded,  or  cattle  collected,  they  are  to 
move  upwards  with  small  escorts.    At  h  is  proba- 
ble the  forage  will  not  be  completed  on  Thursday 
afternoon,  it  is  to  be  continued  on  Friday  early  in 
the  morning.     When  the  foragers  have  returned, 
the  troops  will  slowlv  retire,  at  some  distance  be- 
hind them,  kcfeping  the  strictest  precaution. 

If  attacked  by  the  enemy,  the  goodness  and  brave- 
ry of  your  troops,  will  insure  vou  every  thing  that  - 
can  be  expected,  from  the  best'officers  and  soldiers. 
In  case  of  the  enemy's  advance,  give  the  earliest 
notice  to  the  foragers  to  retire  under  your  cover. 
Keep  up  a  communication  between  your  columns 
by  patroles  of  horse,  and  light  parties,  and  support 
each  other,  as  occasion  may  require.  The  cannoni 
will  seasonably  announce  the  alarm  from  th^  at- 


!^M?.«r;«^ffli,^^.■.l 


CBlVSliAL   ITARK. 


sst 


Uoked.  If  the  enemy  should  come  out  in  such 
force,  that  prudence  and  policy  ghould  dictate  a 
more  cautious  line  of  conduct,  collect  your  force, 
occupy  the  most  adrantageous  grounds,  and  act  as 
circumstances  may  require. 

^Your  right  column  will  keep  a  close  watch  upon 
the  river,  and  should  the  enemy  attempt  to  convey 
a  body  of  troops  in  vessels  t^nd  boats  on  that  side  of 
you,  you  will  keep  paee  with  them,  recross  Cro- 
ten  river,  or  return  to  this  post,  according  to 
circumstances,  Please  inform  me  of  everv  occur- 
rence whether  favourable  or  otherwise.  Preserve 
throughout  the  whole  expedition  the  strictest  order 
and  the  most  rigid  discipline. 

Suffer  no  insults  or  abuse  to  be  offered  the  inhabi- 
tants, and  prohibit  all  plundering.  You  will  be 
joined  by  a  troop  of  militia  light  horse  under  Capt. 
Delavan  ;  and  the  militia  under  Col.  Thomas,  both 
of  whom  from  their  knowledge  of  the  countrv  may 
be^  service  to  you.  ;        ^ 

^  1|hen  necessary,  issue  your  hard  bread  and  rum, 
thelattens  all  thati  can  be  spared.  As  you  wiU 
have  beef  cattle,  kilfyuch  as  you  'require.  Settle 
with  Major  Campbell,  a  lino  of  expresses  to  com* 
municate  your  intelligence. 

A  regiment  of  Connecticut  troops  may  form  on 
your  left  on  Thursday,  some  where  south  east  of 
Maroneek  }  before  retiring,  gire  Jhem  notice*  that 
they  may  also  fall  back. 

Confiding  in  your  zeal,  bravery,  and  good  conV 
duct ;  I  commit  tlie  executio^»of  this  enterprise  to 
you.  Your  own  good  judgment  will  lead  yotfto 
take  such  fui^ther  steps,  as  may  be  oeces^ary  for  cf. 
ffclmi^  the  ohject  in  view,  * 

T  .  .,  ,       .  .  ......  !■'■.■ 


.#fe; 


■ 

M 

{] 

i     '! 

n 

; 

ml 

'11 

*      V  i-i 

.    S  '  :    ' 

IN 

V 

' 

' 

i      f'- 

■■■    "        ■                ri 

1 

i 

li 


~  u 


I* 


t    -J*..  3*   •»-  ,     *    ^    f 


'»«,  *-^t^mf^^»  •^,1* 


99a 


MKMOIR    or 


Wi,J,ing  you  success,  and  an  agreeable  command 
I  am  with  great  regard, 
bir, 

Your  most  obedient  serv't. 
A^  WM.  HEATH.       ^ 

'  Major  General. 

^         ^  JVest  Point,  J^ov.  23,  1180.   ' 

Dear  Sir, 

As  the  weather  has  been  b:»d  since  you  left,  and 
may  hive  retarded  the  teams,  and  as  the  quantity  of 
foragf%3low,  may  be  considerable,  and  the  teams 
may  be  lofiger  employed  to  advantage,  dont  move 
up  with  the  troops  until  you  hear  further  on  thai 
iiead. 

With  great  regard, 
—         .^  W.  HEATH. 

"  Mv.  23,  1780. 

Dear  Sir, 

*  Yours  of  this  date,  was  received  by  Major  Fisk 
but  previous  to  the  receipt,  I  had  ordered  thetroopj 
to  march  ;  those  of  the  centre  column,  I  Immediate- 
ly halted,  and  gave   the  necessary  directions  to  the 
right  and  left  columns. 

I  hope  the  forage  will  turn  out  according  to  vour 
wishes,  but  it  does  not  equal  my  expectations.  'The 
country  below  White  Plains,  is  almost  desolate,  on 
account  of  the  fretjuent  ravages  of  both  armies. 
Scarcely  a  farmer  has  more  than  one  cow,  and  many 
who  were  onco  in  affluent  circumstance8,are  now  re- 
duced to  indiscriminate  povertv. 

I  sent  Col.  Sheldon's  Light  "Dragoons  to  Port 
Clinton,  yesterday,  and  moved  with  the  troops, 
wUhm  eight  miles  of  King's  Bridge,  to  cover  them 
in  case  of  necessity.  But  the  caution  however  pru- 
dent, It  may  appear,  was  jieed less ;  for  they  either 
did  not  know  of  our  approach,  or  did  not  chooat 


r— 

- 

"\ 

fu_ 

.: 

^.^^ 

1 

"^        -  ■  / 

\^ 

r-^^ 

li 

/           . 

^  ^ 

1' 

». 

II. 

/        i.,. 

%^- 

L. 

-K.: .         ^-''""'''^ 

L 

kk' 

/•Jh^ 

■SB^B*'*'*!" 

— ^' 

4i^ 

^'♦-v--'  -  — '"^i^l^ 

^-..'  ■• 

^mKbk 

.  ^         ^L.'jm  '    ,A' 

■■ 

^iHffiiTF^ 

H^-  '-       1               «»£« 

OEIfCRAL    STARK. 


»S9 


>le  command. 


;  serv't. 
lEATH. 

ijor  General. 

u  23,  1780. 

you  left,  and 
te  quantity  of 
nd  the  tcami 
,  dont  move 
titer   on  that 


ATH. 

3,  1760. 

Major  Fisk, 
ed  the  troops 
I  immediate* 
;tions  to  the 

•ding  to  your 
itions.  The 
desolate,  on 
both  armies. 
nr,  and  many 
!,are  now  re. 

ns  to  Fort ' 
the  troops, 
cover  them 
owover  pru- 
they  either 
not  choost 


— >*♦  f  —«*^,fc^,<«j^ 


to  meet  us.     Twenty  Militiu  Light  horse^ho  pro- 

of  Dclancr-  men,  one  Bumour,  cou«n  of  the  fa- 
mous  Major  Bumour,  and  one  Ferret  a  noted  cow- 
boy,  and  of  course  a  villain.  He  has  once  been  col 
demned  to  be  hanged,  but  made  his  escape.  I  hS^ 
sent  them  to  you  under  a  guard.     While  the  caval- 

themJeft  the  line  and  proceeded  a  few  rods  to  the 
rear,  to  water  his  horse ;  curiosity  Jed.  him  to  I 
house  near  by,  where  a  cow-boy  came  up,  dismount- 
ed  him  and  rode  away  his  horse  in  triumph  If 
my  instructions  would  have  permitted,  Morrissa- 
m;  that  noted  nest  of  tories,  might  have  b^n  Zn- 
dered  and  burnt,  but  I  think  it  too  late  no«N  ^ 
1  am  sir, 

very  respectfully,  ^ 

your  obedient  servant. 

Mv.Ge,,H«th.  JOHN  stark. 


MtSOLUTION  OF  CONGRESS  GRANTING    HALF    PAT    FOR 
n  ^  LIFE  TO  GENERAL  OFFICERS. 

RUn^  'i^L^l^'V  Sullivan,  seconded  by  Mr. 
Bland,  ordered  that  the  commander  in  chief,  the 
S.^.t"'^  n^  ""^V"'  i"  ''»A?P"thern  department,  the 
Inspector  General,  the  Adtutahl  General,  and  the 
commanding  officer  of  each  State  line  respectively 
tll^f.Z^:'^^^''-^'  of  Congi^frij^SL' 

Some  doiibts  having  arisen  in  the  nunds  of  t$^ 
«teneral  officers,  whether  the  resolutions  of  the  Slst 
Jf  October  last,  |f  ranUn«  half  pay  for  life  to  the  of- 
ncers  who  shall  remain  in  service  to  the  end  of  the 
war,  extended  to  them-therefore:  ; 


^'f/ 


.,* 


7  J 


'    ^ 


|.:ftl 


.     '  ■■--'  "^ 

ti«ff 


t0 


•i--*  -.*"- 


XSMO 


^^^<rr 


?«! 


Resolved  that  the  $aid  half  pay  for  life  be  extend- 
ed to  all  Ma/or  Generals  and  Brigadier  Generals 
wfio  shall  continue  in  service  to  the  end  of  the  war, 
and  that  the  said  Resolution  of  4he  31st  of  October 
was  so  nneant  and  intended.  .  ^ , 

CJIAllLKS  THOMPSON, 


tA3l*i->>»;4  Jy 


# 


P 


■  -    '  '    -■   '       ■    '    1  f  ,    ' 

■■"/■'■  -"•:  ■.■■      ''  'Ct  'lijti^- 
OENjBBAL  STABK  TO  OEKlIUIi/fi^8HIWOTOll*pi=4f 

The  impaired  state  of  my  health,  and  unsettM 
^condition  of  my  accounts -with  the  State  of  New- 
Hampshire,  renders  my  presence  in  that  State  the 
ensuing  winter  highl;^  necessary.  I  have  never  as 
yet  settled  my  depreciation,  or  received  any  cash 
from  that  S<^^rce.  Without  an  arrangement  of  these 
matters,  it  is  impossible  for  me  to  subsist  in  the 
army.  ■■:_-'     %       '  ii  ;  .  ^  "     ^f-  "  ■>'   '- 

The  maiiy  ikvors  I  have  received  from  you,  and 
the  zeal  you  have  manifested  for.  the  interest  of  the 
officers  under  your  command,  induces  me  to  ask 
leave  (xf  absence  until  sprii^. 

ThelBrigade  I  have  the  honor  to  command,  is 
n^w  oi^der  orders  to  join  its  several  States;  thern- 
'"^  It  is  not  probable,  it  will  be  in  my  power  to 
H^the  country  lany  essential  sorvice  until  next 
xiiinpaign. 

fifaave  thehonor  tobe  ,    ;  .   ^"        '» >. 

'      , .  J&r  your  obedient  servant, 
*   ^  .  JOHN  ST4l|tK*, 

,^Hl8  RXCXLLBRCT  Qxif .  WASHinaTOlT. 


•»itW 


^^^ 


-\- 


'^ 


-   %     VHf 


•KNESAL  STARK. 
a«AD  QUARTERS. 


241 


SiR) 


•^twmhdsor,  December  81  ^nOO. 

IfilSl^^^^^u^^  *^«  'St**  inst.  which  iLclo" 
ih?rtv  to  Jt?"  V^^r***  aPPHcation  to  themfo; 
ffi?^  tJ!  '™  ^*'.'  ****  reestabiishment  of  your 
hTn  L  ^i*P''T'^'y  «^  *'»«  measure  they  Ce 
been  pleased  to  refer  to  me;  and  as  I  shair^i^^T 
i^  approbation,  I  have  no^ob^ctbns  tryouTsS^ 
^i  «T  r  *****!?  "f  y^"'  ''^aith  will  adiJS  The 
l^^l^n'^^n^^T^^^^  to  linut  it,  Will's^ 

/       lam  Sir, 

your  obedient  servant. 
Br,«.  Gen.  s,,he^^^^®E  WASHINGTON. 


OEKERAL  STARK  TO  PRESIDENT  WEARE 

DearS«       ^******''^''''«*^«««*«r20,  1780. 
My  last  gave  you  a  hint  that  our  troops  were  in  a 

J«en  paid  them  by  thepuhiick,  nor  can  I  learn  thS 
•nv  M  soon  expected.    Their  hopes  must  nZ  w2 

tM  Lr^  §  ^*^l  *^  ^Wc^they  belong,  foj 
I  mat  support  which  is  absolutely  nec^ssarv  fnf  Vi, 

You  certainly  know  whether  Oonirress  havJ  it  in 

^  tr^S'  -^'J  l'**.®*"*^  shoildalloi  a  p^tuSS 
t»  ieait,  «,lficieiit  to  keep  muI  and  body  t^ethcT 


F 


I 

M 


n 


m^:^ 


I. 


X 

MEMOIR  or     ~ 

i848 


What  must  be  the  feelings  of  a  number  of  officers', 
who  have  obtained  leave  of  absence  to  visit  their 
families,  without  a  shilling  of  money  to  pay  their 
expenses  on  the  road,  who  if  they  do  go,  must  as- 
sume the  cliaracter  of  beggars; — a  circumstance  tru- 
ly mortifying  to  gentlemen  of  spirit,  to  whose  pro- 
fession a  certain  degree  of  gentility  awd  dignity  is 
requisite  to  entitle  it  to  a  proper  respect?  _    ' 

Perseverance  has  lo«"|  been  their  favorite  topic, 
and  hope  almost  their  only  support,  but  they  have 
in  a  measure  abandoned  that.  Despair  stares  them 
boldly  in  the  face— flattery  will  no  longer  avail,  an 
immediate  remedy  is  their  positive  demarid. 

I  am  sorry  to  be  under  the  necessity  o(  writing  in 
this  manner,  but  I  consider  it  a  duty  I  owe  4o  my 
country,  and  to  the  brave  officers  and  soldiers  I  liave 
the  honor  to  command. 

Lieut.  Col.  Dearborn  will  have  the  honor  of  de- 
livering thisi  and  can  furnish  any   further  informa- 
tion you  may  require. 
I  have  the  honor, 
to  be  your  most 

obedient  servant- 

JOHN  STARK. 

Hon.  Mesheck  Weare. 


TO  THE  PRESIDENT  OF  TH)|  BOARD  OF  WAR,  If.  M. 
151R, 

I  expect  to  be  in  New-Hampshire  in  a  few  days, 
and  wish  forage  to  be  provided  for  my  lisrses.— ■ 
These  matters,  appear  to  be  left  entirely  to  the  States, 
and  you  are  therefore  the  proper  person  to  whom 
application  should  made.  My  allowance  from  the 
publick  for  myself  and  family,  is  for.six  saddle  hor- 
besides  four  waggon  horiei  for  my  baggage ; 


^f 


6GNERAL    STARE. 


.Iwish  that  provision  maybe  made  as 


ble. 


Your  obedient  servant. 


t4$ 


soon  as  possi- 


JOHN  STARK. 


IN  STARK. 


CENERAL  SCHUYLER   TO  GENERAL  STARK. 

'"  '        .  ■  •  ' 

.  'Albany,  September  llynSl.     , 

LiEAR  General, 

Your  favour  of  this  day's  date,  has  just  come  to 
hand.  You  may  be  assured  that  any  intelligence 
received  from  Canada,  or  else  where  worthy  of  your 
attention,  will  be  communicated  immediately  to 
you.  I  have  now  thl  pleasure  of  enclosing  a  fur- 
■ther  confirmation  of  the  account  I  gave  you  in  my 
last,  taarether  with  some  additions  which  maybe  re- 
ftn,  respecting  the  British  fleet,  which  Riv- 
Lin  a  paper  of  the  5th  inst.  declared  had  gone 

.  ^t  of  the  French    fleet.     It  has  returned  to 
JVew-York,  when  it  remains  and  will  remain,   as  it 
cannot  face  the  formidable  fleet  of  our  generous  al-  . 
iy. 

Governor  Clinton  writes  that  all  our  prisoners  at 
New- York  have  been  dismisse<1  on  parole,  and  in 
exchange,  and  that  from  the  best  accounts,  gre« 
consternation  prevails  in  that  city,  among  the  Brit 
islt  and  their  infamous  friends— and  may  God  in 
crease  their  apprehensions. 

It  was  this  morning  reported  that  the  infamous 
traitor  Arnold,  had  made  a  descent  upon  New-Lon- 
don (Connecticut)  and  burnt  the  place,  but  it  has 
since  been  contradicted-  With  my  compliments, 
please  inform  Major  Stark  that  t  am  pleased  with 
his  polite  attentions,  both  as  endearing  him  to  me, 
and  also  that  I  look  upon  such  a  line  of  conduct  in 
a  young  gentleman,  as  very  proper,  and  which  will 


g*f^w»^^;;;rf'  \tyyw" -  ■■■»  •■•-■  ^  .,<  ....^..,,^„„ 


'^■nn|>il|ilniv*-»  {>■•««*. 


"^Sm'T^W!!?^'' 


rocsta:: 


244 


MEMOIE  OP 


f 


ever  be  attended  Irith  happy  effects.    I  should  have 
written  him,  but  the  express  waits. 
With  great  esteem, 
Ifun/dr, 
.    \i      yoiu' obedie^ ^rvant.  *.     - 

PH.  SCHUYLER. 
Gew.  Stark. 


'■' 


Saratoga,  S^ptmber  13, 1761. 

Dk4R-Sir,       ,  ■"■■    '■*" 

I  am  honored  with  yours  of  the  1 1th  inst.  The 
extr*  flood  of  good  news  it  contains,  diffuses  a  toy 
through  my  senseslittl&shortof  delirium  and  makes 
me  almost  forget  my  declining  years,  and  wish  for 
health  and  vigorrandan  opportunity  of  distinguish- 
ing myself  in  presence  of  our  illustridus  General, 
m  aiding  to4ittmble  the  haughty,  the  arrogant,  and 
ostentatious  Earl  Gomvrallis.  >  In  recollection  of  the 
nm  de  guem  we  played  him  about  the  time  of  oiir 
Trenton  affair,  I  should  be  very  happy  \a  have  a 
share  in  his  defeat,  and  capture,  two  events  which 
either^  have  already  occurred,  or  in&llibly  numt 
take  place  in  a  few  days.  ' 

Poor  Rivington  must  now  be  in  a  wretched  di- 
lemmar—what  excuse  can  he  make?  how  extricate 
the  British  from  their  present  diffiailties?  If  he  or 
any  other  power  short  of  omnipotent,  can,  they 
must  be  adepts,  indeed. 

I  am  so  pleased  with  the  good  news  you  send  me, 
u  alivost  to  forget  to  thank  you  for  vour  generous 
<mer  of  sending  me  intelligence,  lie  assured  Sir, 
that  I  feel  exceedingly  grateful  for  this,  and  every 
other  expression  or  your  favor. 

IKave  no  doubt  of  the  willingness  of  that  infa- 
mem  traitor  Arnold,  to  do  his  country  all  possible 
injury,  but  hope  he  livnot  beemibl«  in  the  case  you 


Z*'  - . 


l{?J3^,'''f'~!'»*'.t  .>*.''  ''*''<^?''-.'n'f,«j¥ra_i^ji''  ■■'-■'  '"''7*"';*  "*■■'»■+•; 


I  should  bave 


C^SNERAL   STARK. 


S45 


iwenUon,  to  give  Us  fresh  evidence  of  his  hateful 
du^iosition.  ' 

With  eiteem  dear  Sir, 

your  friend,  ^  -        v 

J'     I  JOHN  STARK.       . 

llON.UBN.BCHUn.BR,  '  * 


lies?    If  he  or 


"A 


OEKERAL  STAltK  TO  OENEJUL  HEATH» 

.        ^         ,  Soro/flgo,  Aptemier  JBO,  1781. 

1>EA»  Sir,  7 

lam  somewhat  alarmed  that  no  answers  hav^ 
Jeen  receiyedto  mv  several  fetters  addressed  to  you. 

I  think  It  impdssible^that  aU  should  have  beeh  mis- 
wried,  and  hav^  considered  some  of  them,  of  suf- 
mifsnt  conseqiience  to  have/  requtrtsd  an  answer.  By 
them,  you  will  ascertain  tl^at  this  department  is  des- 
titute of  ammunition;  th^  not  being  ten  rounds 
^o  a  man  at  thispoit-^«n4  none  at  Alhany,  subject 
to  my  order.  There  are  ilo  horses  for  9xpre8se8;  or 
to  convey  provi^o^ns  to  tibf  several  posts;  and  if 
Were  were,  they  must  sUu-ve  for  want  of  forage.  ♦  /  -^  l 

We  have  not  even  paper  to  transact  our  business       ^ 
«rUh,  nor  can  we  obtain  it.  v  1 

^tVJ^'^.X?^  w»'^  ^  uptheaccoufcyou  V 

tffi.  5l*^*P"**'**'^  mm^h  irt  our  debi,  aiid  uulesi       ' 
the<e  debtaare  paid,  or  ijhore  regular  provision  made 
•or  supplies,  I  harcHy  ki^ow  what  consequences  may 
foliow^o  good  ones  dm  come«  unless  miraderin. 
terpose  m  our  behalf:    j   .    \ 

^tdligenqp  from  Gai»ada  through  sevend  sources,  '^ 
^ds  «s  to  conclude  thit  an  attack  is  desiimed  eiS-  ^ 
jr  um>Q  this  poslj^  or  the  Mohawk  SvS.    Prom 
Aesituation  of  thddountrV,  I  think  the  attempt 
jmh$  audeuDOR  thU  post ;  as  the  enemy  <wi  com 

*^  *%  •'iy  twenty-five  miles  land  caniag^.  . 

•I*  "'  . 


t 


f  > 


a»  ..v 


346 


MEMOIR  or       0 


whi]6  on  toe  other  qjuarter,  the  distuice  is  lix  timei 
that  number.  However  if  ammunition  Js  tuppUed 
n|iei  I  hope  to  give  any  paiAthat  may  come,-  such 
a  reception,  as  \|rill  make  them  gla4  to  return,  if 
they  have  ^fi  opportunity. 

The  people  of  Albany  are  greatly  alarmed  for 
their  city.  They  require  all  the  troops  of  this  dis- 
trict or  a  major  part  of  them,  to  prevent  about  fifty 
Tories  from  biurning  them,  their  wives,  horses, 
sloops,  aiid  houses;  for  it  appears  these  turbulent 
sons  df  rapine  have  given  out  some  most  fearful 
threats,  against  that  sacred  place.  However  Sir, 
unless  yon  order  the  contrary,  I  shall  venture  (in 
case  I  feel  confident  of  the  enemy's  approach)  to 
'  order  the  troops  now  at  Albany,  to  this  post,  or  to 
theM6ha|wk. 

The  resolutions  of  Congress  allowed  to  every 
General  Qflicer,  I  have  not  seen  for  nine  months«-I 
wish  they  ma^  be  sent  me. 

"With  respect,  ,—  -, 

I  am  dear  Sir,  i 

your  friend  and  seryant. 

-  JOHN  STARK. 

Max.  Geit.  Heath. 


BATTX.G   or  JOHNSTOWH. 


In  October,  Major  Ross  commanding  at  Buck^s 
Island^  left  that  place,  with  a  party  of  450  men  in 
batteaux,  and  jproceeded  to  the  Oneida  Lake,  where 
leaving  their  boats  and  provisions  under  the  care  of 
twenty  invalids,  they  advanced  by  way  of  Cherry 
Valley,  to  the  Mohawk,  which  they  struck  at  a  place 
opposite  Anthony's  Noee.  From  this,  they  directed 
their  march  to  Warren's  Bush,  destroyed  twenty 
farm  houses,  with  their  outhouses,  containing  large 


I,,    f'ip^mi^*!* 


♦ 


GENERAL  STARK. 


241 


Sil  it^  ""^  ?:5"*,.""^.?"'«^  '^«  !««»<»«•  After 
mlk.!^*^**'?!*^  ^^'^^'^'^  at  V  ford  twenty 
^dfr  tnVS  iS?,^.*"*"*/?^'  »nJ  proceeded  in  goo5 
^A  J^  ^"^  ^*"*T  J«»»»W9«'«  Hall;  which,  they 
reached  a  quarter  of  an  hoiir  before  Colonel  Willet, 
whose  detachment  crossed  the  river  six  miles  higher 
and  were  ijarchmg  for  the  same  point.  The  Col 
immediately  attacked  the  enemy,  and  (he  action 
would  have  termmated  greatly  in  his  favour^  but 
prt  of  histroops  who  covered  a  field  piece,  sudden- 
ly giving  way,  occasioned  the  loss  of  the  ffun  and 
ammunition  cart,    tn  a  short  time  howevir,  ther 

ZtVf:^f^^^^''^^^'\'^r*  with  great  brkvery^ 
put  not  ttntil  the  enemy  had  robbed  the  cart  of  all 
Its  ammunition.  Night  coming  on,  put  an  end  to 
the  action.  Part  of  Col.  Willet's  me Jhowever  kept 
possession  of  the  Hall  all  night;  during  which,  the 
enemy  retreated  six  miles  into  the  woo'ds.     Thirty 

P*  w"f.",^''®  **'^®"'  *®^*»  of  the  enemy  and  thri 
of  Willet's  men  were  killed;  while  forty  on  both 
sides  were  wounded. 

n  T^w*?if***"  *'®™°*®"*'®^  Vesterday  afternoon,  «nd 
Col.  Willet  pursued  them  this  morning,  with  a  force 
about  equal  to  theirs,!  we  aUo  learn  that  a  detach- 
ment has  been  sent  from  Fort  Herkimer  to  destroy 
their  boats  and  provisions.-.  Schenectady  1781,  26 
October  at «  o'doefc  P.  M. 

-  H.  GLEN. 

This  party  consisted  of  about  650,     British  In- 
dians and  Tories,  who  were  so    roughly  handled 

-Jl^*f  w!h?  ^'''j"'  ^?^^°^ ^'^ Mm.,  arrived  with  a  datack- 
■ant  of  WUIat'i  maa  and  attacked  the  enemy  with  peat  brare- 

^'  •        -v,-;^V   ..     -.'i    ,    ••    V  ,■„  ■  .    ; 

^*  WiUelJiad  a  party  of  Indiau  with  him,  who  he  raid,  faraiah- 
ed  the  ^at  oavaliy  for  wood  Be^ric*. 


1^'  \ 


Vl, 


;  I 


Vv 


t\ 


IT 


ji 


m-mwi^.  I 


y«^ 


.   V 


\ 


rjKFlwpi'BSWl^ 


,,"  -"w  ,  'Vffi 


S48 


MI1161B  ojr 


by  Wiilet,^  thai  they  returned  tor  Cimada  with  but 
2M  men.  Man^  perished  in- the  wilderness:  their 
boats  and  provisions,  having  been  cut  off,  and  their 
retreat  greatly  harrassed.  Ubl.  Walter  Butler  noto- 
rious for  his  G^ueltios,  was  refused  quarter  and  slaiii 
by  the  pursuers.  < 

In  passing  through  the  country  at  this  lime, 
while  it  was  subject  to  the  enemy's  ravages,  it  was 
very  easy  to>  ascertain  who'  were  ^higs,  and  who 
were  Tories.  The  houses  and  estates  of  the  latter 
being  in  all'  cases  respected  by  the  enemy;  while  the 
property  of  the  friends  of  liberty  was  indiscrimin* 
ately  4pBtoiyed,  and  plundered. 


iJTECDOtES  OF  COLOHEL  CILLET  | 

(  $  •  We  rogret^hat  we  have  not  the  materials  for  a  de- 
tailed sketch  of  the  servfces,  of  this  gidlant  offi- 
cer. The  following  anecdotes  however,  speak  vol- 
umes in  praise  of  his  courage  and  patriotbm. 
As  a  prelude  to  the  engagement  at  Behmus  heights, 
'"^y.-.  a  British  flanking  party  was  directed  to  turn  the 
American  wing,  wnere  Gilley  was  posted,  who  was 
ordered  to  counteract  the  m'ovement.  Ab  the  par- 
ties approached  each  other,  and  a  few  ^battering 
trees  only  intervened,  the  British  Col.  was  heard  to 

Sive  the  order,  "  Fix  bayonets,  and  charge  the 
rd  rebels."    Col.  Cilley  was-  near  enough  to 

hear,  and  resjponded  loudly  enough  for  .the  enemy 
to  understand,  '*  That  ii  a  game  two  can  play  at — 
Gharge,by6^-d,  an$|wewilttry  it!"  The  Amer- 
icwBt  charged  at  the  word,  and  rushing  upon  the 
enemy,  discharged  a  volley^  in  their  feces,  who 
brok*  and  fled  without  stopping  to  cross  if^  with 


i 


"  ^1  ^£Jl     ,i?rA:_li^r:f....  * 


Ai.-i!.'-**, 


■ 


-^fHIK.'.fl^T^.-  .,rnvwpr^.-- 


^■2!?^^itrw?«t^.w,'»^^5?ffn 


-J!    '■^1 


/a;.'' 


1  --•„         ^.-Yi.jinwT^fWlrt 


aiirBBAI.  ITA&K. 


da  with  but 
Jerneu:  their 
off,  and  their 
r  Butler  noto- 
rter  and  tlaini 

j' 

it  thi'8  tinie, 
vages,  it  was 
[gs,  and  who 
of  the  latter 
ay;  while  the 
indiscrimin* 


•BT  .-.,,,  .  ( 

sriah  for  a  de> 
8  gallant  offi- 
er,  speak  vol- 
Atrtotbm. 
hmus  heights, 

to  turn  the 
ted,  who  was 

A^  the  par- 
BW  ^battering 
was  heard  to 
if  charge  the 
ar  enough  to 
ir,,  the  enemy 
ail  play  at — 
TheAmer- 
Dg  upon  the 
r  faces,  who 
OSS  ^^1  with 


t;'  "■*.  t^".  "-"•"«  ""-^'  •""-  «>■»- 

Atthebattleof  Monmouth,  when  Gert.  Lee  wu 
2  h«  retreat,  Cilley's  regiment  checi^d  tWp~ 
^t  of  the  enemy,  and  drow  them  back  in  tSrn 
Wwhington,  who  at  that  moment  arrived,  delight- 
•d  at  th^gallant  stand  made  by  the  New-HAmushire 

Nooded  Yankees,  Sir,'  was  the  Col's,  emphatic  w^ 
,Ittthe  retreat  from  Ticondero<m:  a  "son  of  Toi 

officer  of  distmction  in  t^e  American  army,  brought 

fe  V  Z^^\ . M?"  ^"T^''  "^^  tiiitinghint 
hor2^«n?.  iil  ''^^•^'•iy'*"*!  furnished  him  i?Hha 
5wrA!*'''''f  ?T  ^?".**^  *»"  proclamations.-. 
A«r?T'"^,*'*^"*.*^*»«''  Fho  taking  ohe  of 

isoiteSd  "         ^'^^''^^^d,  «  So  shall  their  arm? 


■"r 


AWECDOTBS  Or  GEWEKAL  STAaiC. 


trn^n!^!r^    '^^''^^^^^P****'*^    '«    C«"»d«Ct   the 

iiS^KL  '**•*  T%.t^  Stftl-water,  General  Stark 
had  not  arrived.  The  troowS  were  paraded,  and  in 
their  march  when  he  roJe  up  and  Orderid^C 
back  to  quarters.  In  vain  the  Officer  with  tewi  in 
SL'S?P*T?'^'.*»*  ^"*^«»'  and  alarrSj; 
Str^riLll'-^"*"?/*  •••"^y  «»  ♦h'*  Mohawk; 

fh^^K  *  operationi^  of  his  Own  troops  as  he 
3  ''S!?  ^  "OH  condqcive  to  the  gVod  of  M. 
country.    This  determlmuion  protected  the  frontS? 


i. . '^ 


-N* 


U2 


^^\i.       -^^r-.il^^t.JV' 


•«rj3HT?»Brf  •«■  'nfyw 


•| 

^ 

' 

•    ■ 

^ 

; 

•  w 

m 

/ 

•                         j 

* 

,; 

f 

\ 

, 

;-V     ' 

^  -S^j.    -«'(*.^t.*».^.^,.^,_. 

■•■•»**»  ^,«tr*~  »-  -^.^  .*,  Vf.  *f^   /»- 

/-- 

-k  #-. 

".*-  1  "* 

•V 

, 

*  •    "N. 

„  ^ 

'  •  . 

M 

. ".  jt- 

y^)^ 

^yy 

ifstf 

• 

A(« 

iMi^.  ki.;L..  ..^idiiii 

...ir^j/Jg^ 

■  i 


i'-\ 


«50 


MEMOIB  OF 


\ 


,^ 


of  Vermont  frmn  being  ravaged,  and  enabled  him  to 
m^e  an  immediate  and  successful  attack  upon  th$ 
troops  of  Bnrgoyne;  andby  routing  a  large  body 
of  inem  to  dishearten  the  remainder. 

Just  before  the  action  at  Bennington,  CoK  Baum 
addressed  his  troops,  and  in  the  course  of  his  re- 
marks, stated  that  tiie  "  countrymen  by  xvhom  they 
were  about  to  be  attacked,  were  the  owners  of  the 
soil,  and  would  make  a  desperate  effort  to  defend  it; 
but  could,  not  contend  against  their  superior  disci- 
pline  aided  by  astrong  position.  "Greneral  Stark  on 
the  other  hand,  addressed  his  yeomanry  as  follows. 
"  There  are  your  enemies  the  red  coats,  and  Tories 
— we  must  have  them  in  half  an  hour,  or  my  wife 
sleeps  a  vridow  this  niffht." 

G^eneral  Stark  with  his  centre  column  was  slowly 
advancing;  towards  the  front  of  the  enemy's  works, 
in  order  to  give  time  for  his  flanking  parties  to  turn 
their  right  ahd  left,  and  attack  the  rear,  when  they 
forouirht  tjieir  field  pieces  to  bear  upon  his  division. 
He  ol^served to  an  officer — "They  begin  to  take 
notice  of  us,  but  we  shall  return  the  compliment 
soon."  Just  after  the  fire  commenced,  an  officer  who 
had  never  before  be^  in  battle,  ranup.saying  "  for 
'  God's  sake  Crenerai  what  shall  I  do,"  '^Take  a  pinch 
of  snufi',  and  do  your  duty,"  replied  the  veteran. 

The  late  Major  Dow  of  Hampton  Falls  related 
the  following  anecdote  of  Gen.  Stark.  When  he 
was  quartered  at  Winter  Hill,  ns  Col.  of  the  first 
New  Hampshire  regiment,  a  Col.  Hubbard  was  sent 
from  Exeter,  as  Paymaster  for  the  New  Hampshire 
line.  He  was  one  of  tlie  Exeter  junto^  aud  disposed 
to  make  as  much  difficulty  as  possible  ;  but  being  a 
man  of  plausible  address,  he  succeeded  in  obtaining 
from  the  then  ruling  authorities,  this  important  ap- 

S ointment.     He  had  some  personal  hostility  to  Col. 
tark,  and  took  this  occasion  to  manifest  it ;  and 
with  a  view  to  cause  a  mutiny  in  the  regiment.  Th6 


./ 


"  -,'iar-    .iMk^i^lt'  ^    -*^ 


-«««!:^W»li^S?R«'^^?j*',W«^if5^«W5 


./liaA^jJ^  ' 


i-^n^'. 


i'.' 


r?^. 


OBNEBAL   BTABK. 


161 


troops  were  marched  by  companies  down  to  Med- 
ford,  where  he  had  taJcen  his  quarters,  to  receive 
their  pay. .  This  he  refused  them  on  the  plea,  that 
their  pay  rolls  wejre  not  properly  made  out.  The 
men  returned  in  a  great  rage,  and  the  next  day  with 
■ew  pay  rolls,  waited  upon  Hubbard  once  more. 
The  same  difficulty  still .  existed.  The  third  day 
thesame  was  repei^ted ;  and  the  soldiers  returned 
almost  in  a  state  of  mutiny  to  camp.  They  then 
beset  the  Colonel's  quarters  calling  loudly  for  their 
pay.  Col.  Stark  was  provoked,  said  that  «  Hub- 
bard was  a  poltroon,  and  as  he  mafle  him  three 
visits,  it  was  but  fair  to  exact  one  in  return."  Up- 
on this.  Sergeant  Abbot  went  drfwn  to  Medford 
with  a  party  of  the  soldiers,  (volunteers),  arrest- 
ed Hubbard  at  his  quarters,  a^d  brought  him  to 
camp,  his  music  playing  "  Rogue's  March"  all  th» 
way. 

Upon  examination,  he  could  find  no  fault  with 
the  payrolls,  paid  the  men,  and  was  dismissed.  Up- 
on his;  return,  he  pretended  that  his  money  had  been 
stolen  in  his  absence.  It  was  the  first  emission  of 
New  Hampshire  paper  money.  Information  was 
immediately  forwarded  to  the  General  Court  at  Ex- 
eter, who,  as  very  little  of  the  paper  had  actually 
been  put  into  circulation,  voted  to  call  it  in  by 

Jtroclamation.    Hubbard  was  then  at  Exeter.     The 
bllowing  evening  a  stranger  muffled  in  a  cloak,  I 
came  to  the  door  keeper,  handed  a  bundle  for  th«  ' 
speaker,  and  instantly  disappeared.   It  was  the  mon- 

S  Supposed  to  have  been  stolen  from  Hubbard,  at 
edford.    This  put  the  credit  of  the  latter  upon  so 
dOilbtful  a  foundation  that  he  left  the  army. 

This  affair  suHected  Col.  Stark  to  a  court  of  In- 
quiry ;  which  after  several  sittinw,  reported  that  it 
wifts  inexpedient  to  have  any  further  consideratioa 
of  the  subject.  The  late  Capt.  Emery  of  Concord 
in*  a  member  of  the  Court,  ■  ^^ «  .i  ^ 


7^/kr 


M 


^m>-w^^'*^^'^'^w^ 


--^ife' 


^  ^i 


"i'.     ' . 


■*• 


s&e 


:\. 


HIIMOIB  or 


«BMKRAL  FKASEK. 

^nersl  Fraaer  was  a  descendant  of  Lord  Lovat, 
who  was  beheaded  for  the  i^bellion  in  favor  Charles 
Edward,  lie  was  a  Brisadier  General  in  the  army 
of  Burgoyne.  Two  of  the  American  officers  taken 
«t  Hd[>bardst6wn,  relate  the  following  anecdote  of 
him.  Hesawthatthe^  were  in  distress,  as  their 
continental  paper  would  not  pass  with  the  English; 
and  offered  to  loan  the^  as  much  as  they  wuhed 
for  thdr  present  convenience.  They  took  three  guin- 
eas each. 

He  remarked,  to  them— "  Gentlemen  take  what 
you  wish--give Ine  your  due  bills  and  when,  we 
reach  Albany,  I  trust  to  your  honor  to  take  them 
up;  for  we  shall  doubtless  over-run  the  country ,and 
I  shall,  probably,  have  an  opportunity  of  seeing 
you  Mam. "  General  Fraser  fell  in  tfce  battle  of  the 
"^  <>t  Octobe|r:  the  notes  were  consi^uently  never 
paid;  put  the  signers  of  them  could  not  refrain  from 
shedding  tears  at  the  fate  of  this  ^lant  and  gener- 
ous enemy.  .^  „^ . 


AKBOOOTB  OF   GOV.  LAVfiOOlT. 

nLani 


The  following  anecdote  of  JohnXaihgdon  afords 
a  notyle  example  of  tho  patriotism  of  that  devoted 

friend  of  America?™  ■■''**'''^»'^'*~-'^    -*  »i-i-  •- * 

trud  and  danger.  \ 


friend  of  American  :tid|beiK|Bnoe,  nt  this  hour  of 


iflf  in  session  at  £z«- 
^'^^^efall  of  Ticon- 


The Provincial  L^S^., 
ter,  when  the  appalling  news  — Eg»^«  «».  «»  ««vwii- 
derog»  arrived.  The  members^  that  body  wen 
disheartened,  th#j)ufilic  credit  was  exhausted,  ther* 
were  no  meani  to  subsist  even  a  single  regi- 
ment, provided  one  cduld  be  raised.    The  men  of 


.vy... 


— :; — r — 
..V-} 


'     -* 


>-*t 


■»'»j>JfepJt  JW 


i 


•BNSmAX.   StAHK 


IM 


the  extent  of  their  ability.    John  Langdon  was  at 

have  ioventy  hog-heada  of  Tobago  rZ,  whSh  rfi'al 

>  wld  for  the  most  it  will  brini^    These  are  aJihJ 

•errioeof  the  State.    If  we  .ucceeS  rdefendi^ 

taiaedthe  honour  of  our  State  at  Bunker*«1?ill 

71^'  L't^il^  /^  cS^'/of'^h; 

^terpn-e ,  an4 1«^^^  the  progrett  of  B«r. 

JS!!  ?!?!? CTl^W"^life  into  the  «^ 

ffliSSS^flKgdTit^^^^^^^ 
«wnbted  Md  on  !t»  march  for  thi  (tonSw    ^ 

^  pf  thi.  gallant  army  of  freemen  f  and  to  jX 
Stark  who  knew  not  personal  fear  whnV..  «       i 
.tWd  deliberate  amid  tKr^  ^d  irn^/Si 
:f«*^>  " ''ken  iJougWngli.  acrLT  h^^^^ 

n^*^^^' f^*^*^^Amerie«,hi^ 

tft^litj^  WaUwr  ofConco^,  W.  H  wa.^ 
Md»r  ortheXegislature  at  thia  crirf.  •  anXK 
oft«  rjmarked  that  he  considered  the  SLri^e  ^ 
wjj|>f  Ungdon  and  Stark  wpon  this  *ooSS«rL 

^vmA  npoik  the  camoiandtr ii»,GhiiC.^Vir^ 


|^_ 


Cf&/',?? 


'^Hi^^^ 


i 


A. 


\ 


m^v  "^M 


ft*" 


^    "^V, 


^'M^rp^P 


9M 


■EMoiR  or 


w* 


The  venerable  Jonathan  Eastman  of  Concord  K* 
H.  furnishes  the  following  anecdotes  of  his  cam-* 
pajgn  against  Burgoyne. 

During  the  armistice,  which  followed  the  battle 
of  October  7,  1777,  many  of  Burgoyne's  followers 
commen<ced  their  retreat  towards  Canada  by  the  on- 
ly pass  open  to  them,  that  by  way  of  Lake  George, 
where  tlirte  Americans  had  no  forces  stationed.  Tne 
enemy's  hordes  wete  kept  without  the  camp,  in  that 
'direction,  under-charge  of  the  servants  of  the  ar- 
my ;  from  whom,  many  were  taken  by  Tories,  and 
others,  who  wished  to  escape  into  Canada.  The 
American  soldiers  frequently  way  laid  these  fel- 
lows, and  seized  the  horses,  for  their  private  bene- 
fit. Capt.  Eastman  went  out  with  three  others  on  a 
scout  of  this  kind.  They  went  in  among  the  hor- 
sec,  where  they  found  several  Hessians,  whom  they 
informed  that  Burgoyne  must  surrender,  and  that 
they  would  g^  to  Boston,  where  they  would  have 
plenty  to  eat  and  drink,  and  would  not  be  eaten 
themselves,  as  the  British  had  told  them.  In  their 
return  at  the  outskirts  of  the  place  of  forage,  they 
succceeded  in  capturing  a  good  horse  for  each  of 
them,  after  killing  two  Tories,  and  wounding  a 
third.  They  were  returning  with  their  prizes,  when 
they  met  Gen.  Stark,  who  had!  just  arrived  from  ' 
Fort  Edward,  with  2500  men  to  close  up  the  only 
passage  for  Burgoyne's  escape,  "  "What,  Eastmttn, 
says  the  General,have  you  been  stealing  Burgoyne't 
horses  ?  he  will  have  you  indicted  at  King's  Bench 
for  felony,  and  call  on  me  to  prove  the  fact.  *' 

Capt.  Eastman  sold  his  horse  for  $130,  and  bought 
two  others,  which  were  stolen  by  some  of  the  •uiip 
f6llowers,  while  feeding  i»  the  intervale. 
•  On  hiii  return  to  Concord,  Capt.  Eastman  came  to 
tbe  house  of  the  Venerat>le  and  patriotic  Mr.  Walk* 
fr  ;  who  met  him  at  his  cate,  though  then  so  far  ad- 
TUiced  in  life,  that  he  m^ed  about  with  difficulty; 


t 


=L 


•/ 


OERBRAI.   tTARK. 


25$ 


He  enquired,  what  news  ?  "  I  have  seen  the  British 
army  lay  do wn  their  arms,"  was  the  answer.  Thank 
God !  says  the  aged  patriot,  now  I  can  depart  in 
peace. 

JusfrbelowFort  Edward,  on  the  margin  of  a  small 
brook  falling  into  the  Hudson,  the  Americans  dis- 
covered three  graves  neatly  turfed,  having  at  the 
head,  boards  insdribed  with  the  names  ofthree  Brit- 
ish officers.  In  walking  over  them,  they  sounded 
hollow,  and  upoih  digging,  the  soldiers  discovered 
three  fine  batteaux,  each  capable  of  cont^fcinff  60 
men.  They  were  well  covered  with  boards? and 
were  intended  by  some  of  Burgoyne's  party  to  aid 
a  retreat.  ' 

When  B urge jTie's  men  proceeded  to  the  field  in 
which  they  were  to  pile  their  arms,  they  emptied 
their  cartridge  boxes  upon  the  ground.  Col.  Ger- 
rish  filled  his  saddle  bags  with  them,  to  carry  home 
the  bags  were  stolen  by  two  wags,  of  the  regiment, 
the  cartridges  thrown  into  the  Battcnkil,  and  jrrav. 
•I  substituted  m  their  place.  , 


|ij 


irizes,  wl 


Correspondence  between  President  Jefferson  and 
Gen.  Stare. 

,        •Pontic  i/fo,  wlt^.  19,  1805. 
'Respected  General, 

1  have  lately  learnt  througi  the  channel  of  the 
new^>apers,  with  pleasure,  that  you  are  still  in  life 
and  enjoy  health  and  spirits.,  The  victories  of  Ben- 
nington, the  first  link  in  th^  c  hain  of  successes, 
which  issued  in  the  surrender  kt  Saratoga,  are  still 
fresh  in  the  memory  of  every^  American  ;  and  tli^ 
Mme  of  him  who  achieved  th^m,  dear  to  his  heart. 
Permit  me  therefore  as  a  strani;er,  who  knows  you 
only  by  the  services  you  haveTrendered,  to  express 


/r^  I 


♦  , 


S56 


MEMOIR   or 


to  vou,  the  sincere  emotions  of  pleasure,  and  at- 
tachnient  which  he  felt,  on  learning  that  your  days 
had  been  thus  prolonged,  his  fervent  prayers  that 
they  still  may  be  continued  in  comfort,  and 
the  conviction  that  whenever  they  end,  your, 
memory  wiHl  be  cherished,  by  those  who  come  af- 
ter you,  as  one  who  has  not  lived  in  vain  for  his 
his  countrsr.  I  salute  you,  venerable  patriot,  and 
Ifeneral,  with  affection  and  reverence. 

„      -,        ^       „         Xp.  JEFFERSON/ 
How.  Major  Gen.  Stark. 


r, 


"    n^  „  Oern/fkld,  Oct.  1806. 

atSPECTED  Sir,  a  ^^ 

Your  friendly  letter  of  Aug.  IQ^came  to  hand  a 
few  days  since  ;  but  owing  to  the  imbecility,  in- 
separably  connected  with  the  wane  of  life,  Ihave 
not  been  able  to  acknowledge  it  until  now.     I  have 
been  in  my  THh  year  since  the  28th  of  August  last, 
and  since  the  close  of  the  Revolutionary  War,  hav» 
devoted  my  time  entirely  to  domestic  employmcnti: 
and  in  the  vale  of  obscurity  and  retirement,  hav« 
tasted  that  tranquillity,  which  the  hurry  and  bustle 
ofa  busy  world  can  seldom  afford.    I  thank  you 
for  the  compliment  you  are  pleased  to  make  me,  nor 
will  I  conceal  the  satisfaction  I  feel,  in  receiving  it 
from  a  man  who  possesses  so  large  a  share  of  mycon^ 
^fldence.     I  will  confess  to  you   Sir,  that  I  anee  be. 
gan  to  think,  that  the  labors  of  the  Revolution  waro 
in  vain,  and  that  I  should  live  to  see  the  system  res^ 
tored,  which  I  had  assisted  in  destroying.    ,]But 
my  fears  are  at  an  end  ;  and  I  am  now  calmly  pre^ 
paring  to  meet  the  unerring  fate  of  man,   with 
however  the  satisfactory  reflection,  that  I  leave  • 
numerous  progeny,  in  a  country  highly  favoured 
by  nature,  and  midqr  a  govemmeiK  whose  princi. 


'i- 


-««ipr^ 


rrdi^tiii'  it.-  'i^i~--M& 


"""^IBSS'"-^ 


GBNERJIL    tTA 


S5^ 


S57 


isiire,  and  at- 
lat  your  days 

pravers  that 
Bomfort,  and 
'  end,  your, 
ivho  come  af- 
i  vain  for  hit 

patHot,  and 

FERSON. 


Oct.  1805. 

'.^a  ''■  ■   :' :;\  ... 

16  to  hand  a 
nbecility,  in- 
r  life,  I  have 
low.  I  have 
Au|(ttRt  last» 
7  War,  haye 
mploymcnts: 
rement,  hav« 
y  and  bustle 

thank  you 
lake  me,  nor 
receiving  it 
■e  of  my  oQU^ 
it  I  •nee  iv^ 
olution  wen 
t  syitem  rea* 
ying.  .  But 
calmly  pre* 

man,  witl^ 
t  I  leave  a 
\y  favoured 
loae  priiic4^ 


plesi^nd  views,  I  believe  to  be  correct  and  just.  With 
the  highest  considerations  of  respect  andf  esteem. 
'     I  have  the  honor  to  be  Sir, 

your  most  obedient  servant. 
-,        .  '  JOHN  STARK. 

iHOs.  Jefperson,  £s().  President  U.  S. 


^ 


t 


BATTLE  OP  BENNINoV0|r. 

The  anniversary  of  Bennington  battle  has  been 
celebrated  for  many  years,  since  that  event.  As  any 
thmg  relating  to  that  action,  will  be  interesting 
to  the  pubhck,  we  subjoin  thlb  following  correspon- 
dence. »  '^ 

Bennington^  July  88,  1809. 
Honored  ANOiRisPBCTED  Sir, 

Tou  can  never  forget  that  on  the  memorable  16th 
of  Au^;ust,  1777,  you  commanded  the  American 
troops  m  the  actidh-commonfy  called  the  Benning- 
ton Battle,  that  underi^^ivine  1  Providence,  astonish* 
ing,  siiccess  attended  dttr  aribs.    Our  enemy  was 
dcnsated  and  captured ;  and  this  town  and  its  vi* 
einity  saved  from  impending  !ruin.It  has  been  usu* 
al   for  the  people  on  every  anniversary  of  that   oc« 
casion,    to  hold  the  day  in  grateful  remembrance, 
by  a  public  celebration.    On  Tthursday  last,  a  large . 
•ud  respectable  number  of  lQadi|ng  character!  in  tnit 
and  the  neighboring  towns,  ^t  to  choose  a    com- 
mittee of  arrangements,  for  ai  celebration  on  the 
16th  of  August  next.     More  than  sisty  of  those  who  ^ 
met,  were  with  yon  in  the  actiorf  :  they  recollect 
you  Sir,  with  peculiar  pleasure  and  have  directed 
«s  to  write,  and  r^^uost  /ou,  H  your  Iraalth  and  age 
will  permit,  to  honor  them  with  your  presence  on 


«!. 


.'* 


S68 


MEMOIR    or 


»  ,  ^• 


If* 


■4/ 


that  day.  All  your  expenses,  will  be  remunerated.. 
No  event  couUl  so  animate  the  «'  brave  sons  of  lib- 
erty," as  to  sep  their  venerable  leader  and  preserv- 
er once  more  in  Bennington,  that  the  young  men ' 
may  once,  have  the  pleasure  of  seeing  the  man,  who 
so  gallantly 'fought  to  defend  their  sacred  rights, « 
their  fathers  and  mothers,  and  protected  them  whilt 
lisping  in  infancy. 

Should  this  request  be  inconsistent  with  your 
health,  we  should  be  happy  in  receiving  a  letter 
from  you,  on  that  subject,  that  we, may  read  it  to 
them  on  that  day.  Sentin^ents  from  the  aged,  and 
from  those  who  have  ha^rded  theiir  liver,  to  rear 
cue  us  from   the  shacklcJs  of  tyranny  will  be  read 

Kith  peculiar  pleasure,  and  remembered  long  after 
leir  fathers  have  retired  to  the  silent  tomb. 
Accept  Sir  our  warmest  wishes  for  your  health 
and  happiness  ;  and  permit  us  dear  General,  to  a*. 
•ure,you  that  we  arc  with  great  esteem  your  cor- 
dial and  affeotionate  friends. 

,      ,  GIDEON  OI,IN, 

j  •  JONATJUAN  R0BIN90N, 

DAVID  FAY. 
Thji  Hoy;  Gen.  9tahk,  Derryfield. 

AN«WEB. 

i  A  .  t 

I  At  my  Quarters, 

.                                yDernifuld,  SltiJtthf,  leOl. 
M t  Fbibuds  ahd      ^^ . 

Fellow  Soldiers,  I  received  yours  of  th« 
ISd  inst.  Cfifntajining  your  fervent  expressions  of 
friendship,  and  your  very  police  invitation  to  meet 
with  you  to  celebrate  the  16th  of  August  in  Ben- 
■ington.    As  you  observe,  "  I  can  never  forget  that 

'    i;     :        •    -     -.  ■.■• 


1     /■  ■ 


CT:  -i:^iSir!^ISga 


mj 


»< 


remunerated., 
e  sons  of  lib- 
and  prcserv- 
B  young  men' 
the  man,  who 
uicred  riglit8,« 
id  them  while 

»t  with  your 
ving  a  letter 
my  read  it  to 
;he  aged,  and 
live^i  to.retr 
'  will  be  read 
ed  long  after 
tomb.  \ 
•  your  health 
rencral,  to  toh 
m  your  cor- 


3B|J(80If, 


'tdyt  180T. 

I  yours  of  the 
xpesiionc  of 
ition  to .  meet 
gust  in  Ben* 
er  forget  that 


-#5 


nin^r^Tl'^"'"'""  *'•**'»?»"  ^»  *»»»*  day  at  Ben. 
ri&     u    -.y  '^^^'^  '»•"  who  hadnotlewncd  th« 

natespot.  But  as  vo.  !...m  .^*r  <>"  t'»c  fortu- 
itie.  o?  old  age  wSffiSr  f  ^P'l*"'  *''^  '"«•'-»■' 
•cj>^  and  pulyearl  oK  /a.uuU  h^  vT^^'''' 
mojit  spent.  I  have  of  ]at^h.l  ^"P  °^  *'^«  «  al- 
|i-;b.wasno..^t'^-^^ 

■•ver.vorth  much  ffr  a  ri^"«     ^'"     *'''  ' '^•* 
not  be  Worth  theirUh.g*„J^'^'  '^"^  ^""'^'"'x  can- 

i?y"^^ntr  X^;oV:te^^^   -H 

.  wr  we  breathe.  As  I  was  thi.„   •     *''®  *'  ^^^'^^ ««  »»»• 
»f  theequal  rights  of  me  :  J?!;" "'''^'  ^.'•«f"end 

jcracy  of  repu1,IicanisramteLT^'  "'  t"*" 
dependence,  the  ereat  ph«r/l     r   ^''ciaration  of  In- 

•nd  of  couri  a  friend  to  Jil  •  ''I''''',  "^^^'^^^^  "«ht«, 
constitution  of  thTSfat  °      /^^^'tf '^     «'"«"' '^"d 

foreign  influence,  for  al,for2^*S'  *"""?y  ?f  *»' 
flueape  of  ^yranny.     Thil  u  f?  'P^'J^n^e,  is  the  in- 

•f^iberty7thi.irtheorRetbnc'^°^^."  "?*>» 
You  well  know  ««n»i^.P"""*' <>"  oarth. 

•™«  y«  ceteb^rS" '*•« "  ">*  «■"•  "^'h. 

part  of  th.  force  „„ci:iJ^XT»fc''»)  .  m^ 
■I  hw  faction  wi#««hkr?ii»j«  '         '^^ 

h«^  laid  a  f^indaK  fof  tL^^^^^^  '^.""*'"''  »»««  » 
•rtCes.  But  by  Having  go^itntteST"  "^^"•-  '"»- 
we  were  appH^  oFLf^TtS^  ^ -^Po^ 

'     ■■■'  >  "      "  ■  ■   *^ 


\ 


o 


^^  V 


* 

J- 

-' 

,.  '               t 

1 

\' 

-  > 

• 

-  -V...   _  . 

•     • 

'A'j. 


%■>■   '^ 


%. 


f  A 


MBKOIft  or ' 


dom  beat  the  alarm,  and  as  at  Berininston,    tluky 
came,  they  saw,  and  thoy  conquered.   T  ^ 

^Tltey  are  mV  orders  nM^lp^l^M^  my  laM  or- 

r.^  '.deri  to  all  my  ''^<'l*>*^cB||^^^<>li^ftid^  ; 

for  there  is  a  dab^roaMp^^ijpftr^ 
1|   try  lurking  in  theii*  ^i^^^^ffihs'li^t^^MKerpus 

^  ,than  all  out  foreko  ^^^i^Pll^^^'^ril^'^MH^^     ' 
l'<'shall  oignly  apiiPr,'Iet^Pqd^rS^^^|p^||he  ac- 
count  01 1' 


give^t  Beiiniiigto%'^  thein 


revive  marching 


lit.  Gideon  Oliii, 

l>Jf ATBAM  RotilNtON,  Esq.  * 

iknn  ]pU.y,  Esq.    Bemiipgtoa.         \      %         -  , 

I  y  *  ^ 

Accompanying  thislftter,  the  Greneral  forwarded 
as  his  volunteer,  this  iepiment. 

'*  Live .  free  or  diej^eath  is  not  the  wont  of 
evUs." 


i> '-: 


The  following  is  a  literi^  copy  of  a  hattdbill  ioraed 
at  Boston,  Aug^  22,  1777,  how  in  our  possession: 

^  MMPORTANT  NHWS. 

V,  BosUm  (12  o'ctoek,)  FHdm,  Aw;,  82. 

The  following  letter  from  Hon.  Maj.  Gen.  Lincoln^ 
to  the  honourable  council,  is  just  received  by  ez 

.piwtt.        ■.  ■>  ■■         *,■:.  •  =  .   , 

\  BfnningtonyAugwt  19 J  nil. 

GKir¥LEif|;if — I  inost  sincerely  congratulate  yon 
on  the  Ii^e  very  sii^nal  ginccess  gained  over  the  ene* 


=^ 


'  •■  ,' 


.       1 


'fi^^T  ^Tfi't*^!?  *j(^^^ti  ^'^'5,15*  "fH"? 


•> 


OBVERAL    STARK. 


tei 

thTf  Si  «/  Jl     ^r*"*''  '°™e  of  the  militia  fl^om 
H!mn  I-  ®^  ^Massachusetts,  and  those  from  New 

Col.  mortally  ironS;^  «     ^«^  *'''®"  *™«  I'i«'»»«- 

»M&^^''^T'"7'-'>™*,«T  British  .oWie^, 

baiTMoo     tl.      '  7      .*  """"'derable  qnantitr  of 
■nggagg.     The  number  the  enemv  hiul  in  .ll.  *  i  j 

.Q  »fta''2'«'/i/^^^^^  •"d.p.infal 

ford  tbU  all  that  »dmX ^/-p  '  i  •*'■."? '?'"°»'  ■* 
f»  A  -^-'^^e^J^  und  'r't  '^^«t: 

£wi  ^•s:;-.ts■^olW---• 
«nf  t^lII^  t  *  *■"  obtam  of  matters  at  nrM. 
"rt,  It  .ppoar.  by  on.  of  the  e,«,a.y.  i^nr^Z. 


1    « 


1      ' 


>..,/..„ 


::4ii.. 


'■is^'    , 


\ 


;.;/  '■  ? "^  "''"'*:;.''C?'i*^K*J3*^-''!»^'»'-»'  •'«-*^v:^«..l;.:^'*i.ii 


^^^^^S^  '^P^^^^gTrTT^' 


^f'w'?i&1A< 


S6< 


MEM( 


X 


the  day  before  the  general  action  they  had  30kiH«d« 
and  two  Indian  chiefs,  and  some  wounded..  -        f 
I  am  gentlemen,  with  sentiments  .      ' 

of  esteem  and  regard,  your    -.     ,'  ^ 

very  humble  servant,  / 

B.  LINCOLN. 


|:^ 


^4. 


Published  by  order  of  Conficil, 

^  John  Av^lur,  Dep.  Sec. 

Captain  Barns  who  brought  th^  above  letter,  by 
express,  was  in  those  gallant  actions  ;  the  following 
partjfculars  of  which  were  taken  from  his  own 
mouth,  viz. — That  on  !^atnrday  the  16th  inst. 
about  1600  militia  from  New-Hampshire,  Massachu- 
settr,  and  the  Orants,  under  the  command  of  Briga^ 
dier  General  Stark,  about  five  miles  west  of  Ben- 
nington, at  a  place  called  Looms-chork,  attacked  a 
body  of  the  enemy,  consisting  of  about  1500  in 
their  entrenchments,  and  after  an  obstinate  engage- 
ment, dislodged  them  from  their  strong  holds,  mak- 
ing prisoner;^  of  upwards  of  SCO  men,  and  taking 
two  field"pte«^.  General  Stark,  being  reinforced 
with  150  Continental  troops  under  Col.  Warner, 
took  advi^ntage  of  the  confusion  of  the  enemy's  re- 
treat, and  pursued  them  with  great  slaughter  about 
two  miles  and  an  half,  where  the  enemy  were  rein- 
forced with  1000  men  and  tW^  field  pieces;  a  second 
and  very  eevere  engagement  ensued^  akid  aftiir 
continiiing  about  two  hours,  the  enemy  bc&t  a  re- 
treat, the  militiyrushed  on  with  a  universal  shout, 
which  put  theeneihy  into  such  confusion,  that  they 
left  their  wounded  behind|A|nd  General  Stark  com- 
plete master  pf  the  field ;^n  the  second  onset,  twa 
more  field  pieces,  together  with  300  more  of  th« 
enemy  ;^^taken,  among  whom  were  a  Colonel,  a 
y Major,  pe  general*! aid  de  camp,  and  80  other  offi- 
^rt,  the  prisoners  arrived  at  Lanesborough  Uut 
T^day  night.  The  enemy  left  nearly  two  hundred 


fl) 


<<■*  4*,»^,«*",t%«' «»<j#yH 


i* 


WM  informed  bv  the  1^,1  jf  '      ^°J"?""  B"™« 

•ight  load,  of  ba^eal  Iri^i    '."!''  "'  "'•""'  ""l 
-  «.ppose^  .0  4"||  ."oX drot."'  ''it^''T 

I  i~t!  w  .!!'ie«d'r±"'""K''  "'r""  '"<• 

T«y  unwell  ever  S     0™!"'.%  •''"  .'"'*  •>«• 
•to  you  upon  the  .ri;.      T'^l! '''"™'»  •"«  wnt- 


*tf^..i^  /**.  Vv^  \.ii^  >ife  ^ 


'j^  ILJ^ 


■Mi 


164 


MEMOIR  or 


I* 


way  to  thii  place,  I  detached  Lieut.  Col.  Gregg,  witJi 
200  men,  to  oppose  them;  and  in  the  night  was Inr 
{firmed  that  a  large  b^dy  of  the  enemy  were  advatai 
cing  in  their  rear,  t  j-allicd  my  Brigade,  sent  or- 
l^«i;8  to  Col- Warner,/whoEe  regiment  lay  at  Man- 
'^pfiter,  and  also  expresses  to  the  militia  to  come  in 
tl)  an  sn^ed  to  qui'  assistance;  which  orders  were 
all  promptly  obeyi^d.  We  then  marched  with  our 
collected  force  in  quest  ot  the  enemy,  and  after  pro- 
ceeding  five  miles,  we  met  Oregg  in  full  retreat,  the 
enemy  being  within  a  mile  of  him.  Our  little  arn^ 
was  imiDfidl&tely  drawn  up  in  d^der  of  battle,  upon 
I,  tb%Britlsh  halted  and' commenced 
iiiSfrenching  tipon  very  advantageous  ground.  A 
party  of  skiirmiiBhers  sent  out  upon  their  frpit  had 
a  good  effect,  and  killed  30  of  them  without  Ibss  on 
our  side.  The  ground  where  i>  then  was,  not  being 
fit  for  a  general  action,  we  retired  one  mile,encainp- 
cd,  and  called  a  council  of  war,  where  it  was  deter- 
mined tp  send  4.^0  detachments  to  the  rear,  while 
4he  remaiinder  attacked  in  front.  The  15th  provmg 
rainy,  afforded  the  eneniy  an  opportunity  to  sur- 
round his  camp  with  a  fog  bi«astwprk;  inform 
General  Burgovne  of^his  situation,  akd  request  a 
reinforcement.  ^  *-  -^ 


On  the  morning  of  the  16th|^^l.  Simon  joinlm?  us 
with  a  party  of  Berkshire  militia.  InpyrsuanHlliif 
our  plan,  1  detached  Cpl.  Nichols  with  ZOOineor 
the  left,  and,^  Col.  Herrick  with  300,  to  the  righl 
with  orders  toHurn  the  enemy's  flanks,  unite  tl 
force  and  attack  his  rear.  Cols^sHubbard  and  Stic£^ 
it«,  >%,  with  200  men,  were  posted^pon  his  richt,  and 
pn^,hundred,iiationed  in  front,. to  attract  meir  ai- 
ti^ntion  to  thai  quarter  AbdiQt  3  o'clock,  Col. 
MicliiU  began  tne  attack,  which  was  followed  up  by 
the  r^Bouunder  of  m^  little  army.  I  pushed  up  in 
firont  with  ^fae  reaerWi  aSid  in  &  few  mutates  the  ae- 
tiool^p|»m»' gei^pal.    It  lasted  about  two  lioitti, 


m: 


^-.- 


^  * 


T"' 


«iirl||^iiK. 


cneinv  We  at  i«.#  ..   ,  "P  ^'^  thunder.*    The 

pieces^aDwi  their  Add 

Wk.,  With  artillery.  bSt^^i*"''*''^^  ^^  '^'^ 
conduct  i)f  our  neoL  « J  ***V^P«nor  courage  and 

inforcement  of  thi M     *"^'*'n»e<I  that  a  large  re- 

withintro*„.lV;r^A7f.7.r 

^arner'8  regiment  cam«  ..« V  i  *"*'^y  »nomentCol. 
to  adrance  ^rcot^^Sce^n";?^^^^^^^ 
a- many  men  ascoSrcol,ected^^  h'^"*"^  "P 
and  the  action  continued  o^Slo^LWr^ 
»»ntil  sunset,  when  the  fin*w!«  ^  *  °**'"  "^«> 
pursued  until  dark  Whh/  ^^^  ""^^  ^^^^  ^^ 
light,  we  should  havri^^^^^^  more  of  day 

ment.  We  obtained  A.,?^?:-^  "*/  ,'^''*'^  ^^etach- 
1000  stand  o{^Z\fZjeT''  ^^  **"«•  ««»o2, 
«»"«-  drum J-TaS2if^«»^  cighJ 

wounded  unknown     Tfct  Hi"**^  «» **»«  "pot 

by  marching  aZfght  tdZTV^^""!^  ^"  «4* 
Too  mnrC  K«\.   *    '  a""  we  returned  to  camok^^ 

«drai.c»g  through  a^liS^^S"'  '»5"i«"r,  i. 

Had  every  mun  been  a  Ch«rle.il,«._.i«i,.      , 

•n^puiw  ofTii  is,°,.„i;:„rS  "™»".  waiw  «■«£ 


'-i 


^      ■^i»u«. 


J 


Ai  I  promised  in  my  ii^r^l^hat  the  soldien 
should  have  all  the  j^lunder  taken  in  the  Britisli| 
camp,  I  pray  vou  to  inform  me  of  the  valiie  of  the, 
cannon  and  other  artillery  stores. 

I  lost  my  horse  in  the  action,  and  was  glad  to 
come  off  so  well.  Our  loss  is  inconsiderable,  about 
SO  killed  an^  40  wounded. 

Very  respectfully,  ^^"        i 

yours  in  the  commoir  cause, 
/  JOHN  STARK. 

Hon.  Maj.  Gen.  Gates. 

N.  ]^.  In  this  action,  I  think  we  have  returned  the 
enemy  a  proper  compliment  for  their  Hubbards- 
town  affair,  and  their .  cutting  off  St.  Clair's  re^ 
guardi 


Gen.  Washington  to  Gen.  Stark,  appointing  him  to 
the  command  of  the  Northern  Department. 
»,■■'        ■■     ..' 
Head-QuarUrSj  Muf'Windaory  June  25,  1781. 
D«AB  Sir,  * 

Upon  finding  it  necessary  for  the  operations  of 
the  campaign,  tojrecall  the  continental  troops  from 
the  northward,  I  have  ordered  600  militia  from  the 
counties  of  Berkshire  an4  Hampshire  to  that  quar- 
ter, in  addition  to  the  militia  and  State  troops  of 
Few  York  ;  and  I  have  now  to  request  that  you 
will  take  the  general  command  of  all  the  troops  Ip 
t|it^  department  as.  soon  as  conveniently  m&y  be. 
I  am  induced  to  appomt  you  to  this  commuid  frop 
your  knowledge  and  influence  among  the  inhabi- 
ilants  of  that  country- ..;.-,  ,./iv^v^/:"  '■>?''^i'VT'^^  '■•%'^'"'' 

Jou  will  be  pleased  ^hen^bre  to  reflair  to  Swi- 
toga  and  establish  yeyr  Head  Quarters  at  that  pl«M, 
retaining  with  y'ott  400  of  the  troo^fijoQill^. 


■Nrfi 


i&A  JUA^i^A^         X    \ 


*l 


•BWEItAt    SlkitK. 


f67 


d'df?  *"n  "*"^^"«  ^^^  «ther  200,  to  Colonel  W\^ 
VOufl  territnrv  •  n«i4  t»^    ».       ana  all  thfe  contijir. 


^  w..o»  head.  yojii?^,z;ixriK;^ 

™>ih  repolajion  and  gtory^W^ 
t  WilrJle  Taar'iiirtinni.r  f- i,„_=i_ 


r  *, '^    feomWe' servant, 

r^^'i'-,^-  •■vi^,:..ni  :^.4;---  :/ 


'f; 


<i.>f-'5(  f 


f  EKERIL  StAA*  TO  «?OVftRKOR  CHITTENDlUf, 

Cl!S^;!!^^^'*^'J^'^"^*'y  *^e  Commander  m 
SLrtment  S-  *^f,^;'^^»<»  of  the  northern  d^ 
f«m?.f  «f  Z?^  i?  *"^'  if|»eoeis,ry,  for  theaid  of  the 


*■ 


V 


«■'*'»*  -*•-»,•*.   ^-,^ 


t^Ttv*.  •»^,f*»^*^^. 


■s  -    -  j^jT-f '^  "f"i  -Jfj?"^ 


'      **  i^''7""i.'''^''?3 


S68 


MKMOIR  or 


both  have  taken  the  field  on  every  requisition! 
But  accountable  as  I  am  to  superiors,  and  inexcu- 
sable as  I  should  be  if  I  neglected  to  advise  them  bif 
any  circumstances  which  carry  the  aspect  of  iniqui^ 
tv,  I  wish  to  receive  the^  most  authentic  informa- 
tion respecting  the  sergeant  of  the  Vermont  militia 
who  was  slain  and  his  psirty  captured  by  the  Brit- 
ish. I  expect  your  excellency  will  enable  me  to  fur- 
nish a,  minute  Retail  of  it  to  Congress  by  affording 
me  a  perusal  of  the  original  letter,  wljich  the  Brit- 
ish commanding  o^cer  is  said  to  have  iiFritten  you 
upon  the  Occasion.  This  will  be  returned  you  by  a 
safe  hand  arid  a  copy  transmitted  to  Congress. 

The  report  as  brought  to  lite.  is  that  upon  tho 
party's  arrival  at  Ticonderoga,  the  British  officer 
expressed  great  displeasure  that  the  citizens  of  Ver- 
mont had  been  disturbed,  sent  for  the  corpse  of  the 
deceased  sergeant,  caused  it  to  be  interred  with  mili- 
tary honors,  and  theh^smissed  the  captured- p*rty 
with  what  liquors  «(id  provisions  they  chosQ^to  car- 
ry and  delivered  them  a  letter  of  apology  to  youc" 
Excellency:  If  this  be  a  true  account;  it  indicates  a 
deep  stroke  of  policv  on  the  ^par|i  of  the  eneniy,to 
raise  a  suspicion  in  the  minds  of  all  Americans  that 
the  Vermontese  are  friendly  to  them,  or  that  they 
^  have .  really  encouragement  i(om  iome  people  in 
Vermont.  That  the  principal  portion  of  the  people 
of  Vermont  are  zealously  attached  to  the  iJuijiriean 
cause  no  honest  man  can  entertain  a  ^oubt,  Jb^jut  t^t 
like  every  other  State,  it^^ontains  its  proportion^f 
lurking  traitors,  is  a  reasonable  suppositioikandf  if. 
these  by  their  machinations  have  brought  updla  " 
people  injurious^uspicions,  there  i«  no  doubl 
the  latter  will  seferely  punish  the  miscreants  " 
as  their  misd^jfe  are  fully  developed- 

No  exertiofl|  my  Mrt  shftll  be  wanted  to  eirfdi. 
cate ^vfery  suspicion  injurbut  to  the  people  of  Vl^t' 
mont.    Vour  compliance  with  my  request  will  prob« 


'.  ♦■ 


ihfWk 
aA^ 


lea; 


'fl^' 


j<: 


■*>  * 


^ 


.     -1 


. ' 


,*■  .' 


/      fc* 


id  ia. 


'.^*. 


^/ 


4^' 


V-,. 


y  requiiiitioiii^  ^ 
s,  and  inexcu- 
dvise  them  bif 
pect  of  illiquid 
mtic  informs- 
iirmont  militia 
d  by  the  Brit- 
Eible  me  to  fiir- 
8  bv  affording 
^ch  the  Brit- 
0 'iRrritten  you 
rned  you  by  a 
/ongreai. 
that  upon  the 
British  officer 
tizeiif  of  Ver- 
corpse  of  the 
re4  with  mili- 
apturcdpirty  ^ 
'  chosQ^tacar-  * 
logy  to  ycmif 
;  it  indlcaCes  a 
the  eneiQy,  to 
mericans  that 
,  or  that  they 
me  people  in 
ofthepeoplp  ^ 
theAjipriean 
>ubt,  i|at  tk|t 
proportionjof 
9sitio|L  an(fif, 
«ht  «#*, 
io  aottbt 
reantii 


|k.an(|  u, 

muke 

abrBl 

lartlH;^ 


jited  to  eirfdi-, 
•opie  of  V^i 
test  will  prob^ 


OEIfEIUX.  STAl^^. 


S$9 


most 
the 


ably  afford  mevope  of  the  means  ;  and  I  prav  , 

wiS^K^  ^'**"'"  5<^«iw^e»ce,  that  I  may  fi 
whole  business  in  its  true  light.  ^     ^    — 

'I  congratulate  you  with  the  most  henrtMt      .• 

I  am  Sir,  ■  :?       ' 

respectfully,  -' 

^our  humble  servant,     * 

JOHN  STARK. 


•A, 


TH^ 


ANSWER. 


D.«  0«Ea„,         ^^«^>  •««»'.  '«!.,  Ilil. 

The  particular  account  vou  hnv#i  ri.«.,-  «    i- 

-end  you  in  regard  to  the  s^Z  Xa„T  Tl^V  *Ji 

mont  militi«  and  the  return  r^tlhr^iiXlih  ^'""^ 

who  were  discharged  by  the  BHtiS  ?«    "' ^'"'' 

-minding.    I  havethouffht  i  m„  i  ?     ***'^***"  «»n>^ 

4^^  other  ^ubli,  mlltn^h^^/^jf?^-  1^ 
in  any  manner  refates  tp  the  welfare  of  tWlrlTlL 

U  take  this  ojiisftrtonity  to  return  u^  thank,  fc, 
e  -rge  oi  ifte  Mth  cannon,  on  y^  Ute  pJllic  di^ 


i^f 


*t^ 


**' 


^*- 


1^ 


ji^^l 


V? 


.    # 


»  .1 


,r 


i^  t«l..»i   ..ix.xt*^''  ■  «,  . 


^\''t'.d 


'>M 


•■3 


."♦« 


270 


MBxoift  or 


ot  rejoicing,  occasioned  by  the  capture,  of  LoM' 
Gori^waliig  and  his  army. 

A  like  day  will  probably  be  observed  iathis  State 
on  the  same  occasion. 

I  am,  dear  Generd) 

your  moat  obedient  >    x, 

hnmble  servant. 

THOS.  CHITTENDEN. 
Bmo.  Gkr.  Stark. 


LETTER  rROM  MAJ.  OEM.  liORO.  STERLING.. 
QBAD  QUARTERS. 

jiibawf,  jVwJte,  I'm. 

Dear  Sir,  ^         i^ 

Since  my  leaving.  Saratoga,  I  have  received  & 
letter  from  Col.  Willet  giving  a  particular  account 
of  his  action  near  Johostown  and  his  subsequent 
pui^uit.    Thp^pnemy  were  very  precipitate  in  their 
retreat  leaving  behind  them  their  packs,  blankets, 
&c.  which  were  found  strewn  through  the  woods. 
He  pursued  them  eight  miles  beyond  Canada  Creek.. 
Before  his  arrival  there  he  ftlr  in  with  about-  40 
who  had,  been  left  in  the  rear  tOr  procure  provis- 
ions, and  instantl]^  dispersed  them.    At  the  creek  he 
came  up  with  their  rear,  when  anactidn  commen* 
eed  in  which  Major  Wtdter  Butler  fell  with  a  num- 
ber of  others.    Finding  his  own  provisions  short 
and  but  little  probability  of  coming  up.  with  their 
main  body,  he  wisely  gave  overt^i  pursuit,  leav- 
ing them,  in  a  situation  promising  little  less  than 
certain^death.    Cold  and  the  excruciating  puns  ot 
hunger  will  in  my  opinion  produce  a  deaUi  more 
becoming  such  a  plundering  gang  of  murderers  thw 
the  bayonet  or  ball ;  and  as  they  must  have  been  at 


m^'''iMs.'      .;    ^SA.«& 


,u,>(  i 


iptare  of  Lord! 
refd  iathis  State- 

•■  .1. 

TTENDEJf 


OKintlAL  ITAHK. 


171 


lTfiBLIN«.. 


I  am,  dear  Sir,  . 

your  moit  obedient 

and  very  humble  servant, 

STERLmG. 

5aio.  Gin.  Stark.  ^'J'  ^^'^e^a'- 


»f6,  n«i. 

lave  received  a. 
ticular  account 
his  subsequent 
:ipitate  in  their- 
AckS)  blankets, 
gh  the  woods. 
.  Canada  Greek., 
nith  about-  40 
rocure  provis- 
At  the  creek  he- 
stion  comment. 
)U  with  a  num- 
rovisions  diort 
up.  with  their 
j>arsuit,  leav- 
little  less  than 
iating  pains  of 
a  death  more 
nurderersthm 
It  have  been  at 


••l«KS»0i»D«KCI  HETWEBW  PRESIDENT  MAD.SOX  Airi>  ' 
OBNERAL  STARK.       . 

Sir  *     ^'*<^i^*e^n,  December  26,  1809. 

A  very  particular  friend  of  yours  who  ham  h**» 
mu^  recommended  to  my  estwm  has  iLlv  ^Z 
^Tit  ^offi.t'tr  ^^  ""*^'' '''  -Wch  I  atil'^S^. 

^vs  enrertIi.^"«/*P''***l"  **^  *'»*«»»'«  »  h*ve  ^- 
i^ys  entertained  of  your  chara<ster,  aad  of  the  oart 

you  bore,  as  a  hero>  an*  a  natri.t    i«  ««».m- J^ 
Oie  independence  of  our  oouSSy^'  «  establttfimg 
I  cannot  better  render- this  tribute,  thim  k>  -* 

/••>,  ■»  tli«  «,„«a,d  proq»ritrTiwi«g  from 


■;^ 


..),» fW« 


esii'.i.  A,."\^.,.  ,.?.' 


1  f  M«ifn    '-«*'^fc;W^ 


\       ■■^^S^T 


\     ■■'• 


STt 


MKMoift  or 


them,  during  a  trial 'of  more  thao  a  fourth  of  a  cen- 
tury. 

^  May  your  life  still  be  continued  as  iongas  it  can 
be  a  blessing,  and  may  the  example  it  will  bequeathe 
nerer  be  lost  on  those  who  iive'afller  you. 

*  JAMES  MADISQN. 

Gbr.  John  Stark.         . 


AKswsa. 


■  mi 


/ 


Sib, 


DemfjUld,  January  31,  1810. 


I  had  the  pleasure  yesterday  of  receiyitig  an  ad- 
dress from  the  First  Magistrate  of  the  only  Repub^ 
lie  on  earth.  This  letter  compliments  me  highly 
ujnon  my  services  as  a  soldier,  and  praises  my  pat- 
riotism. It  is  true  I  (bve  the  country  of  my  birth; 
for  it  is  not  only  the  land  which  I  would  choose  be- 
fore all  others;  but  it  is  the  only  spot  where  I  could 
wear  out  the  remnant,  of  my  days  withkhy  satisfac-^ 
tion.  "I 

Twice  has  nijr  country  been  enyaded  by  foreign 
enemies  and  twice  I  'went  out  with  her  citizens  to  (Hi- 
tflfin  a  peace;  when  thaVobject  was  attidned,  I  re- 
fumed  to  my  farm,  and  my  original  occupation.  I 
have  ever  valued  peace  so  highly  tl»t  I  woiild  not  a 
sacrifice  it  for  any  thing  but  freedom;  yet'  submiss- 
ion to  insult  I  never  thought  the  way  to  obtain,  or 
support  either.  ^Ob  ' 

I  wat  pleased  with  your  dismlnm  of  the  mai^sent 
by  £aigland  to  insult  us,  because  she  will  ascertain 
by  the  experiment,  that  we  are  the  same  nation  that 
we  were  in  '76,  grovlrn  stronger  by  age,  and  having 
gjuitod  wisdom  by  experience. 
:  If  the  enmity  of  the  British  is  to  be  feared,  their 
alirailCe  is  still  more  4angerous.  I  have  fought  by 
^^tQeir  side,  and  against  them,  and  have  found  them 
.t^  b^  treacherous  and  pigener^^  as  friends,  and 


f^^ 


•llfERAL   STAaK. 


fourth  of  a  cen- 

Bs  iong  as  it  can 
it  will  bequeathe 
r  you. 
\  MADISON. 


f7S 


Mvy  31,  1810. 

eceivjng  an  ad> 
he  only  Repub^ 
»nts  me  highly 
•raises  my  pa{- 
•y  of  my  birth; 
"ould  choose  bc- 
•t  where  I  could 
ithkny  satisfac^ 

ded  by  foreign 
er  citizens  to  ob-< 
attained,  I  r^- 
i  occupation.  I 
uitlwcihid  not 
i;  yet'  submjss- 
ly  to  obtain,  or 

i     " , 
of  the  mam  sent 
I  will  jMcertain 
lame  nation  that 
igc,  and  having 

be  feared,  their 

have  fought  by 

ve  .found  them 

as  friends,  and 


^ 


dishonorabla  as  enemies.  I  have  also  triad  th. 
French  first  as  enemies,  and  sin^  as  friends,  and  2 
thoug^h  all  the  strong  prejudices  of  my  youtrweni 
against  them,  still  Ihave  formed  a  more  ^favourTbto 
«f«t"r  ^*?«'»'  t»>*^  of  the  English.  Uif^ 
watch  even  them.  But  of  all  the  dangirs  from  which 
I  apprehend  the  most  serious  evil  to  my  country  and 
our  ^publican  Institutions,  none  reqiirelTa  aire 
watchful  eye  than  our  mternal  British  Faction. 
If  the  communication  of  the  result  of  mv  exoe- 

!S  J  '^^^  ^"^**  ^""  ^«  d«"^ed  frSm  any  ex- 
Jfi    ?   °»««-«»y^rongest  wish  will  be  gratified. 

ljJii-n*^?T.*'''7^  ^'f  t^*  repaindlr  ofmV 
life  will  be  m  friendshipVith  James  Madison.        ^ 

TnT.o-    %M  „  JOHN  STARK 

1 0  James  Madison,  Prendtnt  oftheUniUd  Stakt^ 


DR.  BENTLEy's  LETTEBS  TO  QEK.  StJe.  . 

The  followingiettersi*ere  written.byilMJiiteDi' 
Bentley  whose  nhilanthrophy  ahd  liSm  a^ 
well  known,  rfe  sometimes  visitecTaen.  Sart 
and  kept  up  a  friendly  intercourse  4^h  ?L,  nntif 
i'n'^^r/r*'*-  H«/Vmed  theSr2™hath. 
'^whp"nJ''r!;  *,.^'^T*'  oration  at  1»U  demii* 
when  ever  It  should  take  place  ;  and  actually  pre 

il  flr«.      '^  .0^"  wramons  to  tlie  great  tribunal 
came  first ;  while  his  venerable  frienl  was  suflertd 
to  drag  out  the  weary  age  of  ninety  Xur  yeJIH 
and  survive  all  the  Amcrfcan  Oenerafsof  the^R?"o 
InnTfi^  ^y-  .^*'"f  ^"  *^«  ^''  instance;!hSr 

l-first'intTS  ''^"fl'  »»-<»  «H.^«PPHed  tptim^ 
nrst  iD.mc  field,  and  last  out  of  it." 


m 


'/Ml 


P 


*li 


rii-ktfftij' 


Luji^" 


It     '  r  jBi  li 


IMEMOIR  OF 


"  ■^;>   >*■'      J    *?- 


i 


fi^om  the  late  Dr.  William  Bentley  of  Salem, 


'  \       ^  -Safem,  Dec.  I,  1810. 

Mjt  Good  Cteii eual, 
J,  My  packets  of  papers  wilf  prove  that  I  have  not 
forgotten  you.  One  friend  after  another,  has  prom- 
ised to  convey  them  to  you  from  Salem,  without 
going  the  circuitous  rout,  by  your  worthy  son  at 
Boston.  But  after  repeated  disappwfttments,  J  re- 
turn to  my  old  route.  Your  southern  friends  all 
efiliuire  after,  and  still  delight  to  honor  you.  "  " 
Believe  me  that  I  never  am  more  happy  than  in 
every'expression  of  my  veneration  of  Gen.  Stark; 
tndjin  every  opportunity  of  evincing  jny  readiness 
to  8^ve  him.  .      • 

With  the  highest  respect,  ^ 

_>-- your  devoted  servant, 

W||^IAM  BENTLEY. 


9en.  John  Staek. 


<!t' 


^ 


ISqlem,  JWby  31,  1811, 


Mr  Pathc«,^ 
I  longtopa^  another  visit  to  Manchester.  All  your 
friends  en4uir^  for  you.  Ai>  officer  told  me  lately, 
that  on  a  public  occasion,  he  drank  as  a  toast^  <'Gen, 
$tar^;"  &nd  a  British  officer  present,  remarked 
I*  that  is  the  Hero  who  took  me.y  *  Wehayfe  a  deep 
interest  in  jrour  welfare.  If  any  thing  in  my  pow, 
er,  can  give  you  pleasure,  command 
With  dutyind  affection, 

WILLIAM  BDNTLEY. 
Td  G.EV.  John,  Stark, 
...        .  .    jj^jangijggjgjp^  N.  H. 

■f  *  .  ' .  '     „ 

P.  S.     I  send  you  papers  by  evert  opportunity, 

I  would  send  them  daily,  if  'l  coyld.    -Please  ask 

^four  son  when  he  sees  my  friend  Stickney,  to  beg 

pf  him  a  few  specimens  of  such  fossils^  stones,  iijii). 


»  X  ■ 


Mk 


w^ 


•~i  ff^Of"?  aWr^ 


■'    t 


iPi^^^^* 


mtley  of  Salem, 
D«c.  1,  1810. 

that  I  have  not 
)ther,  has  prom- 
Salem,  without 

worthy  son  at 
cwltnients,  J  re- 
ern  friends  all, 
nor  you.    " 

happy  than  in 
of  Gen.  Starkf 
ig  jay  readiness 

i.        • 
[  BENTLEY. 


oy  81,  1811, 

lester.  All  your 
told  me  lately, 
3  a  toast^  "Gteti, 
ent,  remarked 
(^e  hayfe  a  deep 
ng"  in  my  powr 


BJ^NTLET 


r. 


opportunity, 
Please  asl^ 
jckney,  to  beg 
Sf'  stones,  ve{\\\t 


%  ^^' 


'■:*'«'^!'**,-*>. 


OENERAL  STARK. 


*     ■  •    -I' . 


erals,  earths  &c.  as  ai^ within  ^i^  reach,  and  much 
oblige  one  who  will  reward  him  jo  his  full  satisfac- 
**°"'  /        f        W.  B, 

XM      ™r  ^  ^^^  ''^'^^'  *^*^V'>t  1 3,   1 811 . 

My  Wo^THT  General, 

Ihave  enclosed  for  you  eight  packets  of  newspa- 
pers &c.  which  I  had  no  opportuniiy  of  forwardmg 
from  Salem,  and  now  send  by  your  son  at  Boston. 

I  ap  obliged  to  inform  you,  that  your  old  friend 
Captain  Addison  Richardson,  left  us  last  Wednesday 
as  firm  as  at  the  first.       . 

The  great  and  the  good  enquire  after  and  remem- 
ber you.  ,    <■ 

with  all  my  heart, 

"tuid  with  the  highest  respect, 

your  obedient  friend. 


Hon.  GIen.  Stark.       ^ 


WILLIAM  BENtLEY. 


rt  „ 
A.. 


^    ^        „  ■  ^ahm^Dprember  2j  1811.       ^ 

My  Good  General, 

^The.  communication  bet>een  Salem,  Im.d  Man- 
ihester,  is  so  indirect,  that  I  have  f»w  opjJortuni- 
les  of  se^idmg  to  you,  save  by  thiB  circuitous  roate,  ' 
>f  Boston.  If  you  would  charge  your  neighbourt 
^ho  visit  Salem  to  call  on  me,  I  should  Iiav«  th« 
fleasure  oftener,   of   discovering  that  I  remember/ 

u.     f  seht  fivfe  packets  by  your  son  who  has  late- 
it  honored  me  with  „a  visit. 

*i^'^^^  *J^  papers,  I  sent  you  aJbook,  which  has  in    v 
itjthis  value,  It  treats  our  Indian-^fiairs  which  threa-  ' 


t 


mi 


serious  trouble, 
elieve  me  to  be  most  rich,  when  I  imagine  I  can 
•rd  a  momentary  pleasure  to  the  man  to  whom 
country  owes  its  salvation. 

In  all  duty, 
WILLIAM  BENTLEY. 


•  Kir  JoHif  Staek,  Manchater. 


*-.--,.T-.i£;^' 


■.iiEfr«aj.ajffi4._ 


sw. 


L 


,» 


.-(i. . 


•■'■  "n 


Tlio  eogravmg  at  the  head  of  this  Tolnme  is  from 
Ml  original  hkenesB  o)P  the  General,  taken  by  Miss 
Cfowninshield,  neice  61  Dr.  Bentley.  Theveterao 
was  then  83  years  of  age. 


■p'- 


m 


71 


s*. 


.~.>,.«iJ.j^  ..AM. %■-*&*' 


'0)lr,-      i_,-i*tttk<  ' 


r . 


S;.W:raiw.       4L,K_'  ■  ^^■.. 


^.^ 


m^ 


^^, 


j?- 


-tj    ->      -■       j^^l.      '    TJ^'SS 


Inme  is  from 

ten  by  Miu 

The  veteran 


^. 


1/ 


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-  jHC-  - 


V. 


"■j.      n'  i   i'f  I   w/l'V  *i.  '  ' 


. .  y 


